This document provides information about various machine tools: - Shaper is used to produce flat surfaces and features a reciprocating ram with a single cutting tool. It can machine horizontal, vertical, and angled surfaces. - Slotter is similar to a shaper but the tool is vertically reciprocating for machining vertical surfaces and cutting slots and grooves. - Planer cuts flat surfaces using a tool that makes horizontal strokes across a workpiece held on a reciprocating table. Common types are double housing, open side, edge, divide table, and pit planers. - The document describes the main parts, drive mechanisms, applications and differences between a shaper and planer.

1. NAME:
PATEL YASH G.
PATEL YASH J.
ENROLLMENT NO:
140950119060
140950119059
SEM:3 BATCH:MECHB2
ITM UNIVERSE
SUBJECT:SHAPER,QUICK RETURN MECHANISM,
SLOTTER,PLANER
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2. SHAPER
• Shaper is Machine tool which
produces flat surfaces in
horizontal, vertical or inclined
planes depending upon the
orientation of the cutting tool.
Features:
• Single point cutting tool is used
for machining. Tool is clamped in
the tool post mounted on the
ram of the machine.
• The ram reciprocates to and fro,
tool cuts the material in the
forward stroke, No cutting
during return stroke.
• Job is held rigidly in a vice.http://alltypeim.blogspot.in/

3. APPLICATION DONE USING A
SHAPER
• Machining Horizontal Surfaces
• Machining Vertical Surfaces
• Machining Angular Surfaces
• Cutting Slots, Grooves & Key ways
• Machining irregular surfaces
• Machining Splines / Cutting Gears
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4. Main parts of a
shaping machine
1. BASE 5.CROSS RAIL
2. COLUMN 6. SADDLE
3. RAM 7.TOOL HEAD
4. TABLE 8. CLAPPER BOX
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5. 1.Position of ram travel
• Horizontal Shaper- Ram holding the cutting tool moves In
horizontal plane
• Vertical Shaper-The cutting tool moves in vertical plane
• Traveling head Shaper-Cutting tool reciprocates & moves
crosswise simultaneously
2 Acc. to Cutting Stroke action
a) Push Type Shaper- Standard Shaper.
• Metal is removed when the ram moves away from column
• Most common type used in practice
• Unless otherwise specified, the term shaper refers to Push
type Shaper
b) Draw Type Shaper
• Metal is removed when the tool is drawn towards the column
• Allows heavier cuts to be made
• Less vibration during cutting
CLASSIFICATION
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6. 3 Acc. to Driving Mechanism:
a) Crank type - Driving mechanism is by crank & gear
b) Geared type - Driven by Rack & Pinion mechanism
c) Hydraulic Shaper - Driven by oil pressure developed by a
pump, which is run by an electric motor
4 Acc. to the Table Design:
a) Standard shaper- Work Table can be moved
1.Vertically & 2. Horizontally
b) Universal Shaper- Table can be moved
1. Horizontally 2. Vertically 3. Swivelled & 4. Tilted
This is mostly used in Tool Rooms
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7. MECHANISM
•The ram of the shaper may
be driven by mechanical
drive or hydraulic drive.
•Since cutting take place only
once in a double stroke and
the other stroke is idle, the
shaper ram should be
provided with a quick return
feature.
•Mechanically driven shaper
make use of the slotted arm
quick return mechanism.
Crank and slotted lever Quick return mechanism
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8. SLOTTER
• Slotter is a machine tool for shaping vertical
surfaces with a cutting tool held in a vertically
reciprocating ram.
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9. CLASSIFICATIONS
• Puncher slotter
• Production slotter
• Tool room slotter
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10. SLOTTER DRIVE MECHANISMS
• Slotted disc mechanisms
• Variable speed reversible motor drive
• Hydraulic drive
• Slotted link drive
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11. SLOTTER FEED MECHANISM
• It is giver in three direction…..
-Longitudinal
-Cross
-Circular
• The circular feed is accomplished by a revolving
work table equipped with an indexing mechanism.
• The manual feed to the table is provided through
bolt and nut drives.
• Longitudinal rotary feed gets its motion from a cam
groove cut on the face of the bull gear.
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12. APPLICATIONS OF SLOTTER
• The following applications can be
performed on the slotter
• Cutting of internal grooves or key ways
• Cutting of internal gears
• Cutting of recesses
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13. PLANER
• Planer is a machine with a cutting tool that makes
repeated horizontal strokes across the surface of a
workpiece: used to cut flat surfaces into metal
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14. CLASSIFICATION OF PLANER
Planers are generalley divided into 5 types:
• Double Housing Planer
• Open Side Planer
• Edge Type Planer
• Divide Table Planer
• Pit Type Planer
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15. DOUBLE HOUSING PLANER
• It is the most common type of planer. It consists of
mainly a massive bed on which the worktable
reciprocates, and two vertical columns or housing, one
on each side of the bed. Each column carries a tool head
that can be slide up and down on the column.
• A cross rail fitted between the two columns may carry
one or two tool heads that can slide horizontally on the
cross rail. All the tool heads can be clamped in position,
and can be used collectively or individually depending on
the requirements.
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16. OPEN SIDE PLANER
• Open side planer consists of only one vertical column or
housing on which the cross rail is mounted.
• The column and the cross rail carry single and double tool
heads respectively. This type of machine permits machining
of wide work pieces.
EDGE TYPE PLANER
• This type of machine is used for machining the edges of
heavy work pieces. The work piece is clamped on the bed
and the side mounted carriage supporting the cutting tool
is reciprocated along the edge of the work piece. Cutting
can take place during both directions of carriage travel.
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17. DIVIDE TYPE PLANER
• It is also called tandem planer and consists of two
worktables, which may be reciprocated together or
separately. It is quite well known that, mounting and
setting of workpieces on the worktable consumes more
time thereby restricting the machine for continuous mass
production applications.
• In such cases, divided table planer can be used, where
in, one worktable can be used for setting up a new
workpiece, while the second worktable carrying
workpiece is being machined. The two tables can be
joined together to hold large workpieces.
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18. PIT TYPE PLANER
• A pit type planer differs from other planer in the sense
that, the table and the work piece resting on it remain
stationary and the tool reciprocates across the work
surface. This type of machine is preferred for very large
work, where the weight of the work piece and the tool
required table would make reciprocating movement
difficult. The job is either mounted on a stationary table,
or on the floor inside a pit, and hence the name pit type
planer. One or two tool heads can be mounted on the
cross rail and two side tool posts the housings, if
required. The entire unit travels along the horizontal
ways and fro and, thus the tool moves past the work
surface during operation.
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19. PLANING MACHINE
PARTS
The main parts of planner
are:
• Bed
•Table
•Column
•Cross rail
•Tool head
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20. DIFFERENCES B/W SHAPER &
PLANER
SHAPER
1. These are light in construction
2. Requires less floor space area
3. Tool reciprocate, the workpiece
is stationary
4. Shaper tools are simple
5. Only one tool use
6. Perfect accuracy is not obtain
7. Adopted for small work
8. Used for batch or job shop
production
9. Cost of machine is less
PLANER
1. Large & heavy
2. More floor area
3. Tool stationary, workpiece move
4. quite massive
5. More than one tool can be use
6. Maximum accuracy obtained
7. It is adopted for large work
8. Used for mass production
9. Cost of machine is high
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