Introduction The shaper machine is a machine that can make slots and grooves using a thin cutting tool. The linear cutting motion is provided by the “Whitworth Quick-Return Mechanism“. While the feed motion is supplied by the mechanism illustrated in this report "The shaper feed Mechanism”. During shaping, cutting and infeed motions are carried out by the tool, while the feed motion is performed by the table carrying the work piece. The Shaper Feed Mechanism - By using a combination of various shaped links we can change the rotating motion supplied by the motor to a linear cyclic motion. - In order to obtain a precise groove width and a calculated cyclic longitudinal pitch the use of this mechanism was important. Operation: (From figure 1) • Gear (1) obtaining its motion from the quick feed mechanism’s input rotates. • The gear moves the link (2). • Body (3) and the ratchet wheel (4) are mounted on the same shaft. Motion is transmitted from link 2 to body (3). • Body (3) contains a pawl which reciprocates about its axis moving the ratchet wheel with it. • The gear rotates a screw which is mounted on its shaft. • The nut mounted on the screw moves linearly providing the motion of the table resulting in the feed motion.

1. Shaper Feed
Mechanism

2. Contents
• General Description.
• 3D overview for mechanism.
• Motion Description.
• Data Analysis.
• Application of mechanism in industry.
• Conclusion.

3. General Description
• It’s a machine that can make
slots and grooves using a thin
cutting tool
• The linear cutting motion is
provided by the “Quick-
Return Mechanism“.
while the feed motion is
supplied by the mechanism
illustrated in this report "The
shaper feed Mechanism".

4. General Description
• The shaping machine is used to machine flat metal
surfaces especially where a large amount of metal has to
be removed.
• It can cut curves, angles and many other shapes. It is a
popular machine in a workshop because its movement is
very simple although it can produce a variety of work.
• When high accuracy and surface quality are required,
shaping is followed by other techniques, e.g. grinding or
scraping.

5. Components

6. 3D Overview of the mechanism

7. 3D Overview of the mechanism

8. Solidworks

9. Degrees of Freedom
Note That:
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 represent no. of links
a, b , c , d represent no. of joints
According to formula :
M = 3(n-1)-2j1-j2.
N=4 j1=4 j2=0
D.O.F = 1
Notice: Four bar mechanism.

10. Position Analysis
Extreme Right Position = L-R

11. Position Analysis
Extreme Left Position = L+R

12. Velocity Analysis

13. Velocity Analysis

14. Velocity Analysis
• In our case:
S= 27 mm
• R= 77 mm
• = 27÷77 = 0.35 rad = 20⁰Ө
• Assume P= 2mm
• S (feed)= 20×2/360 = 0.11mm/rev

15. Velocity Analysis
• How to increase/ decrease the feed?
• By changing the length L (the overset distance of the link A), the
ratchet stroke will change and therefore the number of teeth
moving per stroke.
• i.e By increasing the ratchet stroke, the ratchet will move 2 teeth
instead of one per stroke which results in increasing the feed rate.

16. Velocity Analysis
• How to increase/ decrease the feed?
To calculate the feed rate in (mm/min) we will use the following
formula: F=S*N ,where F is feed rate in mm/min.
S is feed rate in mm/rev.
N is the input velocity obtained from the gear box in rpm.

17. Matlab Data

18. Applications in Industry

19. Conclusion
• We can conclude that the feed mechanism is an
essential mechanism in any shaper machine.
• One main feature is that it links the motor
rotation which feeds the quick return mechanism
with the table feed.
• We could change the feed independently by
changing the offset distance of the link.

20. Thanks for your attention