This document discusses the applications of concrete cloth in civil engineering. Concrete cloth is a flexible cement-impregnated fabric that hardens when hydrated to form a thin, durable concrete layer. It combines the flexibility of geo textile fabrics with the durability of hardened concrete. The document outlines the material properties and manufacturing process of concrete cloth. It then describes various applications of concrete cloth in civil engineering projects, such as for ditch lining, slope protection, pipeline protection, and as shelter material. The advantages of concrete cloth include rapid deployment, ease of use, flexibility, strength and waterproof properties.

2.  Introduction
 Path crossed by concrete cloth
 About concrete cloth
 Material properties
 Methodology
 Application of CC in civil engineering
 Application of CC in defense sector
 Advantages of concrete cloth
 Limitations
 Conclusion
 References
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concrete cloth- its application in civil
engineering

3.  Worldwide there is increasing demand for construction and
construction material, for that concrete is most extensively used.
 There are many advantages of concrete, but one of the drawback
is that, it is not flexible.
 To overcome this drawback a new construction material is in
evolution called concrete cloth (cc).
 Concrete cloth is a ground breaking technology that allows
concrete to be used in a completely new ways.
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concrete cloth- its application in civil
engineering

4.  The technology was first found for emergency shelters,
believed that it may not be commercialized to commercial
construction work.
 But further research in the concrete cloth made incredible
changes in the construction field.
 the British engineering company had found the
revolutionary material called concrete cloth.
 This revolutionary new material takes its own place in the
history of civil engineering.
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concrete cloth- its application in civil
engineering

5.  It is a flexible cement-impregnated fabric that hardens when
hydrated to form a thin, durable concrete layer.
 Concrete Cloth™ (“CC”) consists of:
- Dry concrete mix
- Reinforcing fiber matrix
- Fabric top surface
- PVC bottom coating
top layer
= bottom layer
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concrete cloth- its application in civil
engineering

6.  It combines the flexibility of geo textile fabrics with the durability of
hardened concrete.
 It contains dry concrete mix trapped within a 3-dimentional fiber
matrix.
 Fibrous surface on one side and a PVC membrane on the other side.
 When water is added it remains workable for 2 hours and then hardens
to form a concrete sheet.
 The PVC backing on one surface ensures waterproof to the material
and the hydrophilic fiber on the opposite surface aid hydration.
6concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

7. 7

cross section
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

8.  Concrete cloths are comes in rolls 1.0m or 1.1m wide.
 Available length are 4.5m(wt 60kg)or 200m(wt over
2.5t)
 Rolls comes in three thickness 5mm,8mm, and 13mm
8
CC Bulk Rolls
CC Batched Rolls
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

9. 1. Strength
Very high early strength is a fundamental characteristic of
concrete cloth.
 Compressive testing
This test based on ASTM C473 – 07
- 10 day compressive failure stress 40 N/mm2
- 10 day compressive Young’s modulus 1500N/mm2
 Bending test
This tests based on BS EN 12467:2004
- 10 day bending failure stress 3.4N/mm2
- 10 day bending Young’s modulus 180N/mm2
9concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

10. 2. Physical Properties
Initial Set≥ 120 min,
Final Set ≤ 240 min
`
 Life expectancy of over 50 years
10
product Thickness
(mm)
Batch
roll size
(sq m)
Bulk roll
size (sq m)
Roll
width
(m)
CC5 5 10 200 1.0
CC8 8 5 125 1.1
CC13 13 N/A 80 1.1
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

11. 1.Subgrade preparation
 CC will conform closely to the underlying surface contours therefore
any vegetation and sharp or protruding rocks should be removed.
 Compacted and smooth subgrade should be prepared prior to placement
of Concrete Cloth.
11concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

12. 2.Concrete cloth placement
 Over lapping method is followed
 The fibrous top surface faces upwards
 PVC layer is placed at the bottom , in contact with the
ground
 This layer is water resistant and prevent subsequent
hydration.
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concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

13. 3.Cutting of concrete cloth
 Concrete cloths are cut to a specified length after
installation or to conform to the installation area.
 It is designed to be cut with commonly using cutting
tools.
13concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

14. 4. Anchoring
 After installation concrete cloth they are anchored to
the subgrade.
 Soil nails or soil anchors, screws, thermal welding are
used.
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concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

15. 5. hydration
 Concrete cloth can be hydrated using saline or non-saline water.
 The minimum ratio of water to Concrete Cloth is 1:2 by weight.
 It cannot be over hydrated so an excess is recommended.
A. Immersion:
 Immerse Concrete cloth in water for a minimum of 90 seconds.
:B. Spraying:
 Spray the dry Concrete cloth with water until it is saturated.
 Do not use a direct jet of pressurized water as this may wash a channel
in the material and create a weakened area.
15concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

16. c. Re spray the cc after 1 hour if:
 Installing cc on a steep or a vertical surface
 Installing in warm climates
16
Spray The Fiber Surface With Water Until It Feels
Wet To Touch For Several Minutes After Spraying
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

17.  Ditch lining
 Slope protection
 Pipeline protection
 Mining application
 Bund lining
 Concrete canvas shelter
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concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

18. 1. DITCH LINING
 Rapidly uncontrolled to form
ditch or tank lining.
 Protects water from seeping in ditch.
 It is significantly quicker and
less expensive to install,
than conventional concrete.
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Concrete cloth-its uses and
application in civil engineering
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

19. 2.SLOPE PROTECTION
 In addition to shallow erosion or reduction of shear strength
caused by seasonal rainfall , weight above the slope, digging at
mid-slope or at the foot of the slope.
 concert cloth can be used as slope stabilization and other
erosion control applications such as temporary and permanent
slope protection.
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concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

20. 3.PIPELINE PROTECTION
 Concrete cloth can be used as a coating for overland or
underwater pipeline protection.
 Provides safety against corrosion and direct impacts on pipes
 providing a superior tough rock shield.
 In remote areas it can be used
to coat steel pipe on site
without expensive
wet concrete application plants.
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concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

21. 4.MINING APPLICATION
 Concrete cloth can be used as an alternative to poured or
sprayed concrete or as a quick way of erecting strong
permanent or temporary blast
 shown that CC typically provides cost savings of over 20%
compared to conventional solutions.
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering 21

22. 5.BUND LINING
 Earth containment bunds can be quickly lined with
Concrete Cloth to provide an efficient, chemically resistant alternative
to concrete walling.
 Bunding also called a bund wall, is a constructed retaining wall
designed to prevent inundation or breaches from a known source.
 It is a secondary containment system commonly used to protect
environments from spills where chemicals are stored.
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering 22

23. 6.CONCRETE CANVAS SHELTER
 Concrete Canvas Shelter is one of the major uses of concrete cloth.
 They are rapidly deployable and require only water and air for
construction.
 Concrete Canvas Shelters (CCS) are more operational and financial
then conventional tented shelter.
 They provide a hardened structure from the very first day of operation.
 They provide much better environmental protection, security and very
improved medical capability.
 They have a design life of over 10 years, whereas tents get worn out
very rapidly and have to be removed at a very short time period.
 The key to Concrete Canvas Shelter is
the use of inflation to create a surface
that is optimized for compressive loading.
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering 23

24.  Gabion Reinforcement /Capping
 Dust Suspension
 Sand Bag Reinforcement
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering 24

25. 1.GABION REINFORCEMENT/CAPPING
 Gabion is a cage, cylinder, or box filled with rocks , concrete , or
sometimes sand and soil for use in civil engineering, road building,
and military applications.
 For dams or in concrete cloth can be used to cap or repair gabion
walls
 to provide long-term protection and prevent FOD (Foreign
Object Damage).
 Covering gabions with concrete cloths also prevents water ingress
which can cause slump,
whilst protecting the geo-textile membrane
from the effects of UV degradation.
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering 25

26. 2.DUST SUSPENSION
 The turbulent air currents created by the helicopter rotor wash
drives loose soil particles into the air.
 The airborne dust particles negatively impact humans and
wildlife, including aquatic life and vegetation.
 The dust also increases vehicle , helicopter, and equipment
wear and damage due to mechanical abrasion.
 Thus Concrete cloth use as a dust suspension around
helicopter landing sites.
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering 26

27. 3.SAND BAG REINFORCEMENT
 CC has been proven to prevent the degradation of sandbags
from sustained incoming fire, outgoing muzzle fly ash and
environmental exposure.
 There is currently over 5500sqm of CC being used by the
British Army in Afghanistan
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering 27

28.  Portable -Easily transported and deployed without specialized
equipment
 Rapid– the material can be hydrated either by being sprayed
or by being fully immersed in water. Once hydrated, it remains
workable for four hours and hardens to 80% strength within
24 hours. This time can be reduced by adding accelerants into
the dry mix at the point of manufacture.
 Easy to use– dry concrete cloth can be cut or tailored busing
simple hand tools .It can be easily repaired or upgraded using
existing cement products.
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concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

29.  Flexible – concrete cloth can be easily nailed through
before setting.
 Strong – the fiber reinforcement acts to prevent
cracking, absorbs energy from impacts and provides a
stable failure mode.
 Waterproof – the PVC backing on one surface
ensures that concrete cloth is completely waterproof.
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concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

30.  Hydration – hydration takes place by filling the
sack with water. Hydration is aided by the fiber
matrix, which wicks water into the cement.
 Setting – the concrete cloth cures in the shape of the
inflated inner and 24 hours later the structure is ready
to use.
 Adaptable – concrete cloth is currently supplied on
1.2m-wide rolls but can be manufactured with a roll
width of up to 5m. The cloth can be produced in a
range of thicknesses from 5–20mm.
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concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

31.  Durable – concrete cloth is chemically resistant and will not
degrade in UV.
 Fireproof – concrete cloth is a ceramic-based material and
will not burn.
Fire proof chemically resistant
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concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

32.  Concrete cloth cannot be over hydrated and an excess of
water is always recommended.
 Do not jet high pressure water directly onto the Concrete
cloth as this may wash a channel in the material.
 Concrete cloth has a working time of 1-2 hours after
hydration. So do not move CC once it has begun to set.
 Working time will be reduced in hot climates.
 If Concrete cloth is not fully saturated, the set may be delayed
and strength reduced.
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concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

33.  Concrete cloth (CC) is a unique proprietary material.
 It is a time & material saving technique. It is very easy to
place & handle.
 Concrete cloth is a flexible; cement impregnated fabric
that hardens when hydrated to form a thin, durable, water
& fire proof concrete layer.
 CC allows concrete construction without the need for
plant or mixing equipment. Simply position the canvas &
just add water.
 CC has a design life of 10 years and is significantly
quicker and less expensive to install compared to
conventional concrete.
 It is specially used , where the workmanship is very
difficult.
 It is specially used in emergency works such as in military.
33
concrete cloth- its application in
civil engineering

34. 1ow.co.uk-24.07.2013
. IJFEAT- International journal for engineering applications and
technology pp: 2-7 “Concrete cloth and its application
2. Prof. K. Srinivas and Prof. Ravinder “Concrete Cloth - Its Uses and
Application in Civil Engineering” NBM media (journal) may 2012
pp: 41-46
3. International Journal on Applications in Civil and Enviornmental
Engineering Volume 1: Issue 3: March 2015, pp 6-12. “Concrete cloth”
4. IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development
Vol. 3, Issue 01, 2015 “study of concrete canvas in civil engineering
works”
5. www.cocretecanvas.co.uk “Concrete canvas-rapid infrastructure”
24.07.2013
6 www.buildingtomorrow.co.uk-24.07.2013
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35. concrete cloth- its application in
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