The document discusses concrete cloth, a new flexible construction material. Concrete cloth is a fabric impregnated with dry concrete mix and reinforcing fibers. It hardens when hydrated with water to form a thin, durable concrete layer. It offers advantages over traditional concrete like flexibility, ease of installation, and faster construction. The document describes the composition of concrete cloth, its properties, methods of installation, various applications in construction like ditch lining, slope protection, shelters and more. Advantages include rapid construction and cost effectiveness, while limitations are reduced working time in heat and delayed setting if not fully saturated.

1. GUIDED BY: PRESENTED BY:
LINDA ANN MATHEW PRIYANKA PRAKASH
ASST.PROFESSOR REG.NO: 14016400
DEPT.OF CIVIL ENGG. DEPT.OF CIVIL ENGG
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2. INTRODUCTION
 There is increasing demand for construction and
construction materials , for that concrete is used.
 Concrete = Water + Aggregate + cement
 Advantages : durability , low maintenance cost , high
compressive strength , etc.
 Disadvantage of concrete : not flexible
 To overcome this , a new construction material called
concrete cloth or concrete canvas (CC) is used
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3. WHAT IS CONCRETE CLOTH ?
 It is a flexible , concrete impregnated fabric that hardens
upon hydration to form thin , durable , waterproof and
fire resistant concrete layer
 CC consists of
Dry concrete mix
Reinforcing 3D fiber matrix
Fabric top surface
PVC bottom coating
3
FIG : CC SECTION
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4.  Dry concrete mix – trapped within 3D
fiber matrix
 The fiber matrix act like reinforcement
 The major chemical elements in the
concrete mix are Al2O3, CaO, SiO2
and Fe2O3.
 Fabric top – hydrophilic fiber
(polyethylene & polypropylene yarns)
surface aid hydration
 PVC backing – to prevent attack of
moisture from surrounding
4
FIG : PVC BOTTOM LAYER
FIG : FABRIC TOP SURFACE
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5. HISTORY OF CC
 In 2009, Peter Brewin & Will Crawford invented CC
 They entered into a competition run by British Cement
Association.
 Aim : experiment with different uses of concrete& construction
of temporary houses.
 First found for emergency shelters in military sectors.
 But further research in the concrete cloth made incredible
changes in the construction field.
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6. MARKET AVAILABILITY
 Available in
1. Bulk rolls
2. Batched rolls
 Quality per role differs in its type
 Bulk rolls
 1.6 T
 Supplied on 6 inch cardboard tube
which can be hung from a spreader
beam
 Width – 1m & 1.1 m
6
FIG : BULK ROLL
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7.  Available length are 4.5m(wt 60kg)
or 200m(wt over 2.5t)
 Comes in 3 thickness 5mm(CC5),
8mm(CC8), 13mm(CC13)
 Batched roll
 Supplied on 3 inch card board cores
with 2 to 4 carry handles for lifting
 All CC thicknesses can be supplied
on batched roll except CC13
7
FIG : BATCHED ROLLS
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8. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Typical strength and physical properties are as follows:
1. Strength
Compressive testing
Based on ASTM C473 – 07
- 10 day compressive failure stress 40 MPa
Bending test
Based on BS EN 12467:2004
- 10 day bending failure stress 3.4 MPa
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9. Abrasion Resistance:
Based on ASTM C1353-8.
- CC lost 60% less weight than marble over 1000 cycles.
Resistance to imposed loads on vehicle traffic areas:
Based on EN 1991-1-1:2002 .
-The gross weight of two axle vehicle should be between
30 to 160 KN and the UDL should not exceed 5 kN/sq.m
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10. 2. Physical Properties
Setting time
initial setting time ≥ 120 min
final setting time ≤ 240 min
70-80% strength in 24 hours after hydration.
Density
Dry density before hydration = 1500 kg/cc
Upon complete hydration density increases to
1950-2025 kg/cc.
Thickness
Available in 5,8 & 13 (CC5, CC8 & CC13)
A typical thickness would be between 2 and 15mm.
Theoretically no limit in thickness
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11. METHODS OF INSTALLATION
 Preparation of sub grade
 Unpacking
 Placement of CC
 Cutting and fastening
 Hydrating
 Re-spraying
 finishing
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12. 1.Subgrade preparation
 prepared properly so as the CC takes the shape of its
host.
 Remove any vegetation, sharp/protruding rocks.
 Compact & smoothen the surface before placing CC
12
FIG : SUBGRADE PREPARATION
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13.  2. Unpacking
 Bulk rolls are individually wrapped and palletized on
heat treated wooden pallets measuring 1.2m x 1.0m.
 Batched rolls are similarly supplied, individually
wrapped in airtight PE packaging and palletized.
 10 batched rolls fit onto a standard 1.2m x 1.0m pallet
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14. 3.Concrete cloth placement
 Over lapping method is followed
 The fibrous top surface faces upwards
 PVC layer is placed at the bottom , in contact with
the ground
 This layer is water resistant and prevent subsequent
hydration.
14
FIG : PLACEMENT OF CC
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CONCRETE CLOTH

15. 4. Cutting and fastening
Cutting
 ‘snap off’ type disposable blade – for cutting cc when
dry
 3/4” allowance should be left from the cut edge due to
lost fill.
 Set CC can be cut as with angle grinders, disc cutters or
tile cutters
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16. Fastening
 Staplers - attaching CC to soft substrates
 Nails -securing CC to hard surfaces
-nail should be used with at least a 1/2”
washer.
 Screws -attaching CC to a substrate or to itself.
 Hog-rings -securing CC either to itself or onto a wire
mesh substrate
 Pegs - for ground surfacing applications
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17. 17
FIG : SNAP OFF TYPE DISPOSABLE BLADE
FIG : ANGLE GIRDERS FOR CUTTING CC
FIG : DISC CUTTERS FOR CUTTING CC
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18. Fastening
18
FIG : ELECTRIC STAPLER FIG : NAILS FOR FASTENING CC
FIG : SCREWS FIG : PEGGING THE CC17 August 2017 CONCRETE CLOTH

19. 5. Hydration
 saline or non-saline water.
 min ratio of water to CC is 1:2 by weight
Immersion:
Immerse Concrete cloth in water for a min of 90s
Spraying: Spray the dry CC with water until it is
saturated.
19
FIG : SPRAYING OF WATER ON CC
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20. 6.Re-spraying
-due to warm temp or when placed on steep or
vertical surfaces some amount of water is lost.
-To replenish, spraying is done after an hour or two
7.Finishing
 standard exterior masonry paint.
 copolymer concrete surface treatments
 Fire retardant paints
 A white cement blend provides a brilliant white
uniform finish
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21. APPLICATION OF CC
 Ditch lining
 Slope protection
 Concrete canvas shelters
 Pipe protection
 Ground resurfacing
 Mining application
 Bund lining
 Gabion reinforcement
 Dust suppression in helipads
 Reinforcing sand bags
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22. DITCH LINING
 rapidly unrolled to form ditch or tank lining
 advantages
 10 times faster than conventional concrete
 less expensive to install
 requires no specialist plant/equipment
 Protects water from seeping in ditch.
22
FIG : DITCH LINING
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23. SLOPE PROTECTION
 Landslides are caused by
 shallow erosion
 reduction of shear strength
 adding excessive weight above the slope
 digging at mid-slope or at the foot of the slope
 It provides a quick means to apply a thin, uniform,
protective concrete covering to the slope surface and can
be applied in all weather conditions.
23
FIG : SLOPE PROTECTION
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24. CONCRETE CANVAS SHELTERS
 They are rapidly deployable and require only water
and air for construction.
 The shelter is deployed in the following four stages:
 Delivery
 Inflation
 Hydration.
 Setting
24
FIG : CONCRETE CANVAS SHELTERS
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25. PIPELINE PROTECTION
 CC can be used as a coating for overland & ground water
pipeline protection, providing a superior tough rock
shield.
 It will set underwater and provide negative-buoyancy.
 Provides safety against corrosion and direct impacts on
pipes
25
FIG : CC USED FOR PIPE PROTECTION
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26. GROUND RESURFACING
 CC can be secured with ground anchors to rapidly create a
concrete surface for flooring, pedestrian walkways or dust
suppression.
26
FIG : CC USED FOR GROUND RESURFACING
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27. MINING APPLICATIONS
 a quick way of erecting strong permanent or temporary blast
 an alternative to brattice cloth, plaster board or concrete block-
work to construct blast and vent wall structures for
underground mining applications.
27
FIG : CC USED FOR VENT WALL CONSTRUCTION
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28. BUND LINING
 Bunding / bund wall is a constructed retaining wall
 to provide an efficient, chemically resistant alternative to
concrete walling
 used to protect environments from spills where chemicals are
stored.
28
FIG : BUND LINING USING CC
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29. GABION REINFORCEMENT / CAPPING
 Gabion is a cage, cylinder, or box filled with rocks, concrete, or
sometimes sand and soil
 Concrete cloth can be used to rapidly repair damaged and
unstable gabion walls to provide long-term protection.
29
FIG : GABION REINFORCEMENT
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30. DUST SUPPRESSION IN HELIPADS
 The turbulent air currents created by the helicopter rotor drives
loose soil particles into the air.
 This dust particles negatively impact humans and wildlife.
 CC provides a dust suppression surface around helicopter
landing sites
30
FIG : DUST SUPRESSION IN HELIPADS
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31. CC AS REINFORCING SAND BAGS
 This reduces the degradation of sandbags in extreme climates
like the combination of wind, sand and extreme temperature
affects the sandbags for a frequent repair .
 In addition to that it can be made fire proof which can resist the
incoming fire and the sparks produced by the muzzles.
31
FIG : CC AS REINFORCING SANDBAGS
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32. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
Advantages Disadvantages
 Rapid
 Easy to use
 Flexible
 Strong
 Fire proof
 Water proof
 Adaptable
 Durable
 Workable
 Environment friendly
 Cannot be over hydrated
 Do not jet high pressure
water
 Do not move, after
hydration, for 2 hrs
 Working time will be
reduced in hot climate
 Not fully saturated , set may
be delayed
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33. CASE STUDY
 Vent wall at Super Pit Mine in Kalgoorlie, Australia
 The vent wall was installed by 3 people in 3 days, as a trial to
see if CC was a feasible option to create vent walls.
33
FIG : DOOR INSTALLED IN MESH FIG : PRONGS CREATED IN MESH
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34. 34
FIG : THE FINISHED WALLFIG : PRONGS HOLDING THE CC TO THE MESH
FIG: CC LOADED ONTO ELEVATED PLATFORM FIG : CC UNROLLED DOWN THE MESH
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35. CONCLUSION
 CC is the latest and extremely useful innovation in field of concrete
 It reduced the manpower and mechanical power consumption.
 In India where the natural calamities are very frequent, concrete
canvas allows aid teams to construct solid structures in emergency
zones quickly and easily
 economical and advanced techniques in construction.
 It is a reliable product.
 Overall, this innovative project can change the ways of construction.
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36. REFERENCES
[1] V. Vedha Narayanan. “Concrete Cloth”, International Journal
on Applications in Civil and Environmental Engineering
Volume 1: Issue 3: March 2015, pp 6-12
[2] Vaseem Akhtar and Amit Tyagi. “Study of Canvas Concrete
in Civil Engineering Works”,
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
Volume: 02 Issue 09: Dec-2015, pp 591-594.
[3] Maqbool Akhtar and Rajendra Singh Dangi. “Study of Canvas
Concrete in Civil Engineering Works”, International Journal
for Scientific Research & Development Vol. 3, Issue 01, 2015,
pp 314-315
[4] Hrishikesh R Kane, Devesh Warhade and P.S. Randive.
“Revolution in construction: Concrete Cloth”, International
Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Basic Sciences
Volume 2, Issue 4 (Jul-Aug 2015), pp 102-108
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37. [5]Priyanka Hanamant Chavan and Shivram Tanaji Pawar. “Study
of Canvas Concrete in Civil Engineering Works”, International
Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.06, IssueNo.13, April-2017, pp 2557-2559
[6]https://www.nbmcw.com/concrete/28977-concrete-cloth-its-
uses-and-application- in-civil-engineering.html
[7] http://www.concretecanvas.com/media-and-literature/
[8]https://theconstructor.org/concrete/concrete-cloth-properties-
applications- process/17070/
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