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Impression management
This document discusses impression management, which is defined as a conscious or unconscious attempt to influence how others perceive a person through controlling the information presented. It discusses tactics like self-enhancement to boost appeal and other-enhancement like flattery. Types include constructive impression management to form identity and strategic impression management to achieve goals. Techniques mentioned include conformity, excuses, apologies, self-promotion, flattery, favors, and association. Research findings show ingratiation tactics universally agreed on include interest, smiling, eye contact and flattery. Impression management is important in organizations, institutions, and for marginalized groups to shape perceptions.
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Impression management
- 1. IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT - BYYASH VARDHAN SINGH
- 2. Impression Management • Itis a goal-directed conscious or unconscious attempt to influence the perceptions of other people about a person, object or event by regulating and controlling information in social interaction. • IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT is how to make a favorable impression, how to perceive others and evaluate others on the basis of Dress, make-up, hairstyle, Manner and general behavior, Body language. • The process of portraying yourself to others in a manner that creates a desired impression. • Impression Management is the goal- directed activity of controlling and regulating information in order to influence the impressions formed by an audience.
- 3. Types of ImpressionManagement • Constructive -- helps in the formation of self identity • Strategic -- helps in the attainment of some interpersonal goal
- 4. Tactics of ImpressionManagement • Self enhancement: It includes efforts to boost one’s physical appearance. Efforts to increase their appeal to others. Includes using ‘props’ to enhance their appeal. To the whole world. Ex. Social websites.
- 5. Social Identity Theory •Personal versus Social identity continuum. • Personal identity self description is a part of intragroup comparison. • Description of self at social identity level is intergroup comparison.
- 6. The Personal versusSocial Identity Continuum
- 7. Conflict between PersonalIdentity and Social Identity • When a person does an act which is inconsistent to that of his social identity then such conflict arises.
- 8. Self Presentation • Itdepends on situation • It depends on others’ treatment
- 9. • Other enhancement: It includes tactics to gain one’s liking such as flattery Tactics to induce positive moods and reactions in others. Certainty of target person or group. Ex. Dressing up according to a certain person’s liking
- 10. TECHNIQUES OF IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT:- Conformity Excuses Apologies Self promotion Flattery Favors Association • Opinion Conformity Verbal Self- Presentation Self- Descriptions Association Opinion Conformity ExcuseApologies Acclaiming Flattery Favors
- 11. Impression Management Tactics Behavioral Matching Thetarget of perception matches his or her behavior to that of the perceiver. A subordinate tries to imitate her boss’s behavior by being modest and soft-spoken because her boss is modest and soft-spoken. Self- Promotion The target tries to present herself or himself in as positive a light as possible. A worker reminds his boss about his past accomplishments and associates with co- workers who are evaluated highly. Conforming to Situational Norms The target follows agreed-upon rules for behavior in the organization. A worker stays late every night even if she has completed all of her assignments because staying late is one of the norms of her organization. Appreciating or Flattering Others The target compliments the per- ceiver. This tactic works best when flattery is not extreme and when it involves a dimension important to the perceiver. A coworker compliments a manager on his excellent handling of a troublesome employee. Being Consistent The target’s beliefs and behaviors are consistent. There is agreement between the target’s verbal and nonverbal behaviors. A subordinate delivering a message to his boss looks the boss straight in the eye and has a sincere expression on his face.
- 12. Findings of ImpressionManagement • Ingratiation – Universal agreement about standard ingratiation tactic – These include.. Showing an interest in the person Smiling Eye contact Agreeing Flattery
- 13. Impression Management :Role of Cognitive Load • Impression management skills excercised by us for years. • At the time of performing other tasks we are less concentrated to presenting ourselves. • Pontari and Schlenker concluded that who are uncomfortable in social situations, if busy in performing other task may present themselves better.
- 14. • Research includedExtroverts and introverts at the time of job interview. • Cognitive busyness of introverts and extroverts people interfered with in presenting themselves.
- 15. IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT BY MARGINALIZEDPEOPLE • Case of eunuchs Largely perceived as the person who are incapable of doing a impressive political leadership. But in MP when they were elected to be representative, then they have managed their impression in such a form that they are perceived by Society risen above corruption and caste.
- 16. Conclusion From all the objectives,techniques, findings, tactics , and tips we can conclude that Impression Management plays a vital role in all fields such as in organisations, hospitals, education institutions etc. So, Impression Management is the process through which one person influence others.