This presentation includes the first aid measures one can provide in case of accidental as well as intentional poisoning in order to minimize the morbidity and mortality in victims with poisoning.
This presentation includes the first aid measures one can provide in case of accidental as well as intentional poisoning in order to minimize the morbidity and mortality in victims with poisoning.
Bleeding, technically known as hemorrhaging ,is the loss of blood escaping from the circulatory system. Bleeding can occur internally, where blood leaks from blood vessels inside the body, or externally,
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
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• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
DISSERTATION on NEW DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF DRUG DISCOVERYNEHA GUPTA
The process of drug discovery and development is a complex and multi-step endeavor aimed at bringing new pharmaceutical drugs to market. It begins with identifying and validating a biological target, such as a protein, gene, or RNA, that is associated with a disease. This step involves understanding the target's role in the disease and confirming that modulating it can have therapeutic effects. The next stage, hit identification, employs high-throughput screening (HTS) and other methods to find compounds that interact with the target. Computational techniques may also be used to identify potential hits from large compound libraries.
Following hit identification, the hits are optimized to improve their efficacy, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties, resulting in lead compounds. These leads undergo further refinement to enhance their potency, reduce toxicity, and improve drug-like characteristics, creating drug candidates suitable for preclinical testing. In the preclinical development phase, drug candidates are tested in vitro (in cell cultures) and in vivo (in animal models) to evaluate their safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Toxicology studies are conducted to assess potential risks.
Before clinical trials can begin, an Investigational New Drug (IND) application must be submitted to regulatory authorities. This application includes data from preclinical studies and plans for clinical trials. Clinical development involves human trials in three phases: Phase I tests the drug's safety and dosage in a small group of healthy volunteers, Phase II assesses the drug's efficacy and side effects in a larger group of patients with the target disease, and Phase III confirms the drug's efficacy and monitors adverse reactions in a large population, often compared to existing treatments.
After successful clinical trials, a New Drug Application (NDA) is submitted to regulatory authorities for approval, including all data from preclinical and clinical studies, as well as proposed labeling and manufacturing information. Regulatory authorities then review the NDA to ensure the drug is safe, effective, and of high quality, potentially requiring additional studies. Finally, after a drug is approved and marketed, it undergoes post-marketing surveillance, which includes continuous monitoring for long-term safety and effectiveness, pharmacovigilance, and reporting of any adverse effects.
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Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
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ASA GUIDELINE
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2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Antimicrobial stewardship to prevent antimicrobial resistanceGovindRankawat1
India is among the nations with the highest burden of bacterial infections.
India is one of the largest consumers of antibiotics worldwide.
India carries one of the largest burdens of drug‑resistant pathogens worldwide.
Highest burden of multidrug‑resistant tuberculosis,
Alarmingly high resistance among Gram‑negative and Gram‑positive bacteria even to newer antimicrobials such as carbapenems.
NDM‑1 ( New Delhi Metallo Beta lactamase 1, an enzyme which inactivates majority of Beta lactam antibiotics including carbapenems) was reported in 2008
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.drhasanrajab
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
2. External bleeding Internal bleeding
• Seen blood coming out of
the wound
• Skin intact but there is
discoloration of the skin.
3.
4. • Is more severe than
capillary bleeding, but is
not under pressure like
arterial bleeding.
Capillary bleeding
• Superficial abrasion
wounds.
• Abrasion- is a type of
wound where the first
layer of skin is scraped
or rub off.
Arterial Bleeding
• Occur when an artery is
cut. This is the most
serious type of bleeding.
• Arteries- are the blood
vessel that deliver
oxygen-rich blood from
the heart to the tisuues
of the body.
Venous bleeding
5. (RICES) METHOD FOR INJURIES
Step 1: Rest
Pain is your body’s signal that something is wrong. As soon as you’re
hurt, stop your activity, and rest as much as possible. Doing so with
certain injuries, like a moderate to severe ankle sprain, can make the
damage worse and delay your recovery. Doctors say you should avoid
putting weight on the injured area for 24 to 48 hours. Resting also
helps prevent further bruising.
6. Step 2: Ice
• Ice is a tried-and-true tool for reducing pain and swelling. Apply an ice
pack (covered with a light, absorbent towel to help prevent frostbite)
for 15-20 minutes every two to three hours during the first 24 to 48
hours after your injury. Don’t have an ice pack? A bag of frozen peas
or corn will work just fine.
7. Step 3: Compression
This means wrapping the injured area to prevent swelling. Wrap the
affected area with an elastic medical bandage (like an ACE bandage).
You want it to be snug but not too tight -- if it’s too tight, it’ll interrupt
blood flow. If the skin below the wrap turns blue or feels cold, numb, or
tingly, loosen the bandage. If these symptoms don’t disappear right
away, seek immediate medical help.
8. Step 4: Elevation
This means raising the sore body part above the level of your heart.
Doing so reduces pain, throbbing, and swelling. It’s not as tricky to do
as you might think. For example, if you have an ankle sprain, you can
prop your leg up on pillows while sitting on the sofa. The CDC
recommends you keep the injured area raised whenever possible, even
when you’re not icing it.
10. Eyes Injury
• SPLASH WITH WATER
Immediately wash out the eye with
lots of water. Use whatever is closest
-- water fountain, shower, garden
hose.
• IMMERSION
For a Blow to the Eye
Apply a cold compress, but don't put
pressure on the eye.
Take over-the-counter
acetaminophen (Tylenol) or
ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) for pain. If
there is bruising, bleeding, change in
vision, or it hurts when your eye
moves, see a doctor right away.
• Enucleation and evisceration
are procedures used to remove a
diseased eye.
• During an evisceration the
contents of the eye and the
cornea are removed, but the
sclera, or outer covering of the
eye, remains.
• During an enucleation the entire
eyeball is removed.