This document provides information on first aid and common health risks in the workplace. It outlines how to treat injuries like wounds, burns, sprains and broken bones. It also covers health emergencies such as fainting, seizures, strokes, heart attacks, nosebleeds and choking. Additionally, it discusses office-specific health risks including eyestrain from excessive computer use, neck and back problems from poor posture, and obesity due to sedentary jobs. The goal is to educate about first aid protocols and promoting worker health and safety.

1. First Aid in the workplace
&
Office health risks
Usukhbayar Ariunbold., M.D., M.Sc.
Health Insurance Director,
Dr. Gerelmaa Davaadorj
Health Insurance Claim Manager
Mandal General Insurance

2. Course Outline
1. First aid in the workplace
 Injuries:
- wounds and bleeding
- burns
- sprained ankle, broken bone..
 Health related emergencies
- fainting – CPR, automatic defibrillator, measure blood pressure,
- seizure - stroke
- nose bleeding - choking
- heart attack
2. Office health risks
- eyestrain
- neck and back problems
- obesity

3. This presentation conforms with
2015 First Aid guideline of

4. Why do you need First aid?
 First aid provides the initial and immediate
attention to a person suffering an injury or
illness.
 In extreme cases, a quick first aid response
could mean the difference between life and
death.
 In many cases, first aid can reduce the
severity of the injury or illness .

5. Stay Within Your Training!
You are not a Doctor or Pharmacist!

6. Personal Safety & Hygiene
 Hepatitis B/C
 HIV

7. Care with Confidence
Every casualty needs to feel secure and in safe
hands. Create an air of confidence and assurance
by:
◦ Being in control of your own
reaction to the problem.
◦ Acting calmly and logically.
◦ Being gentle but firm.
◦ Speaking to the casualty kindly
but in a clear and purposeful way.

8. Open wounds

10. • Superficial wounds and abrasions
should be thoroughly irrigated with
a large volume of water with or
without soap until there is no
foreign matter in the wound
• Cold water is OK but not as
comfortable.
• Use any source of clean water.
• Apply antibiotic ointment or cream
only if the wound is a superficial
injury and if the victim has no
known allergies to the antibiotic.

11. Bleeding control
• If bleeding continues, do
not remove the gauze;
add more gauze on top
and apply more
pressure.
• If it is not possible to provide continuous manual pressure,
wrap an elastic bandage firmly over gauze to hold it in
place with pressure.
• Apply direct pressure on external wounds with sterile
cloth or your hand
• The pressure must be firm, and it must be maintained for
a long time.

12. If embedded object in wound, apply pressure
either side of wound and place pad around it
before bandaging.

13. Burns

14. 1. Immediately immerse
the burnt area in cool
water
2. Remove jewelry and
constrictive clothing
before swelling or blisters
occurs.
3. Cover the area with a
dry, sterile dressing and
not cotton or other fluffy
material.

15. Don’ts
• Don’t place a burn under extreme water pressure
• Don’t remove the cloth that is stuck to the burnt
area.
• Don’t apply butter ointment, oil, ice in the area
affected

16. First Aid
• Rest the affected area
• Ice application or cold
compress
• Compression over the
affected area
• Elevate the affected area
above the heart
Strains & Sprains

17. Broken bone

18. Treatment
 Assume that any injury to
an extremity includes a
bone fracture.
 Cover open wounds with
a dressing.
 Do not move or try to
straighten an injured
extremity
Splinting reduces pain and prevent further injury.
A victim with an injured lower extremity should not
bear weight until advised by a medical professional.

19. Splints

20. Health related emergencies
If conscious, measure blood pressure

21. Fainting, unconscious

22. CPR

24. AED (Automated External Defibrillator)

26. Stroke
Other signs:
• Weakness or numbness on one side of the body, including
either leg
• Dimness, blurring or loss of vision, particularly in one eye
• Severe headache — a bolt out of the blue — with no apparent
cause
• Unexplained dizziness, unsteadiness or a sudden fall, especially
if accompanied by any of the other signs or symptoms

27. Heart attack
 Uncomfortable pressure, fullness
or squeezing pain in the centre of
the chest
 Discomfort or pain spreading
beyond the chest to the shoulders,
neck, jaw, teeth, or one or both
arms, or occasionally upper
abdomen
 Shortness of breath
 Light headedness, dizziness,
fainting
 Sweating
 Nausea

28. Heart attack – First Aid
 Call an ambulance
 Give aspirin 325mg if not allergic
 Begin CPR if the person is unconscious
Can skip mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing
and perform only chest compressions (about 100
per minute)
If an automated external defibrillator (AED) is
available and the person is unconscious, begin
CPR while the device is retrieved and set up.
Attach the device and follow instructions

29. Nose bleeding
• Sit down and lean forward slightly.
• Pinch the lower part of the nostrils just below the bony
part of the nose for 10minutes while breathing through
the mouth.
• Release nostrils slowly, repeat procedure if bleeding
continue.
• Do not touch or blow the nose for about 24hrs. Do not
pact the affected nostrils with cotton.
• Bring patient to hospital if necessary.

32. II. Office Health risks

33. Computer eye strain and other visual
problems
Staring at a computer screen all day can cause red or
dry eyes, headaches and fatigue.
 Get up to stretch, walk around your office, or
doing a non-computer related task
 Try the 20-20-20 : every 20 minutes stare away
from your computer for 20 seconds at something
20 feet away.
Inflammation of the surface of the
eye may occur along with dry eye.
If left untreated, this condition can
lead to pain, ulcers, or scars on the
cornea, and some loss of vision.

34. Neck and back problems
When a person slouches, the ligaments and discs become
overextended.
If a person continues to use their body in that way over a lengthy
stretch of time, long-term spinal injury can result - chronic pain

36. Besides being better aware of your posture as you’re
sitting at your desk, getting regular exercise including
abdominal strengthening activities should relieve some
of the pressure on your lower back.

38. Office work and obesity
Sedentary office-bound jobs
contribute to the obesity
epidemic.
Obesity adversely affects
workplace costs by
decreasing worker
productivity and increasing
the need for support
services and disability
management.