Definition, causes, classification, management and prevention

1. Burn Injury
Mr. Mahesh Chand
MTIN, Changa

2. Burn
•Burn is defined as breakdown in the continuity of
skin due to radiation, chemical, thermal and
electrical cause.

3. Causes/ Types of Burn

5. Classification of Burn
• It is classified according to degree, depth and severity.
• According to Degree:
• 1st degree
• 2nd degree
• 3rd degree
• 4th degree
• According to Depth:
• Superficial Burn
• Partial burn
• Partial thickness burn
• Full thickness burn

6. • According to Severity:
• Mild burn
• Moderate Burn
• Severe Burn

8. First Degree Burn: (superficial) burn that affects the
outer layer of skin (epidermis).
First Aid

9. • Most sunburns are first degree burns
• The skin becomes red and dry and may swell and be
painful to touch
• Usually heals within 6 days without permanent
scarring.

10. First Aid for First Degree Burns:
1. Stop the burning- remove the
victim from the source of the
burn
2. Cool the burned area with cool,
running water
• Use sheets or towels soaked in
water to cool a burn on the face
or other areas that cannot be
soaked
3. Wearing gloves, loosely cover the
area with dry, sterile bandages

11. Second Degree Burn: (Partial thickness) A burn that involves
the top layers of the skin (epidermis and dermis)
• Blisters form and may discharge clear fluid
• Skin appears wet and blotchy
• Heals within 2-4 weeks; may have slight scarring

13. First Aid for Second Degree Burns:
1. Obtain medical care immediately if burns are larger
than 2-3 inches or are on the face/hands
2. Cool the burned area with cool water/cloths
3. Do not break blisters or remove tissues
4. Loosely cover with dry; sterile bandages
• If burns cover a large area of the body cover victim
with clean/dry sheets to prevent infection and
reduce pain
5. Elevate the burned area above heart level

14. Third Degree Burn: ( full thickness) A burn that involves
all the layers of the skin and some underlying tissues
(fat, muscles, bones, nerves)

15. • Skin becomes darker and appears
charred
• Underlying tissues may look white
• Very painful unless nerves are
destroyed; then it is painless
• Takes months-years to heal; often
with permanent scarring
• Some victims require skin-grafting
or plastic surgery

17. First Aid for Third Degree Burns:
1. Obtain medical care immediately
2. Determine if the victim is breathing; give rescue
breaths if necessary
3. Do not remove clothing stuck to the burn, break
blisters, or remove tissue
4. Do not apply anything cold to the burn
5. Loosely cover the area with sterile/dry bandages or
clean cloth