Scalar quantities describe magnitude and do not depend on direction. They include mass, area, temperature, energy, time and money. Vectors describe both magnitude and direction and can be represented by arrows with length for magnitude and direction. The triangle method and parallelogram method can be used to add vectors graphically. Speed describes rate of change in distance while velocity describes rate of change in displacement. Displacement is a vector that describes change in position, while distance is a scalar describing ground covered.

1. Scalar Quantities Describes magnitude Does not depend on direction Is not changed by the coordinate system

2. Scalars All of these examples have one unit and do not have a direction Mass (78 g) Area/Volume (68m^2) Temperature (12°C) Energy (100.3 J) Time (30 minutes) Money ($56)

3. Vectors A quantity that describes both magnitude and direction Can be drawn as an arrow where the length represents the magnitude and the direction of the arrow represents the direction of the vector Velocity and distance are examples of vectors

4. Triangle Method Move the 2 nd vector so it starts at the end of the first vector The resultant vector will start at the beginning of the 1 st vector and stop at the end of the 2 nd vector

5. Adding Parallel Vectors With Vectors pointing in same direction just simply add the numbers and use the same direction. With vectors pointing in opposite directions add the numbers then take the direction of the vector with the largest absolute value.

6. Parallelogram Move the vectors so that they start at the same point The resultant vector will be the diagonal of the parallelogram formed by the two vectors. It will start at the same vertex as the two vectors.

7. Speed vs. Velocity Speed describes the rate of change in distance Velocity describes a rate of change in displacement

8. Displacement vs. Distance Displacement is a vector that describes the change in position if the object from starting to ending point. Distance is a scalar which describes “how much ground” the object has covered during motion.