Thermal energy is the kinetic energy of particles in a substance that are constantly in motion. The amount of thermal energy determines the temperature, and it can be transferred from warmer objects to cooler ones through three main processes: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction involves the direct transfer of thermal energy between objects or particles that are touching. Convection occurs through the circulation of fluids, where warmer material rises and cooler material sinks. Radiation allows thermal energy to be transferred through empty space by electromagnetic waves like light.

1. Thermal Energy Transfer Notes

2. Substances are made of small particles ( atoms )

3. which are in constant motion.

4. The total energy of the particles in a substance is called thermal energy + =

5. Thermal energy is a form of kinetic energy .

6. Why do you think it is a form of kinetic energy? HINT:

7. As the particles in a substance move faster the amount of energy increases and so does the temperature.

8. The amount of thermal energy is measured with a thermometer.

9. Thermal energy can be transferred from place to place.

10. We can predict which way the energy will move.

11. Thermal energy moves from the greatest amount of energy (warmest) to the lowest energy (coolest).

12. The energy will continue to move until it reaches equilibrium . Energy Movement

13. This means both objects will have the same amount of energy or temperature . Energy Movement

14. Which way does the thermal energy move?

15. The thermal energy moves from warm to cool.

16. There are three ways thermal energy can be transferred.

17. Conduction Convection Radiation

18. Conduction… Thermal energy transfers when two objects or particles touch .

20. Convection…

21. In gases and liquids ( fluids ), thermal energy is transferred through the fluid by convection .

22. The fluid circulates in a manner such that the warmer material rises and the cooler material sinks.

24. Radiation… Thermal energy can be transferred through empty space .

25. This method of heat transfer occurs in space , the atmosphere , and from light .

26. Examples of Radiation

27. Convection, Conduction and Radiation

28. Convection, Conduction and Radiation

29. Interactive Heat Transfer