The United Nations was created at the end of World War II to replace the League of Nations. US President Franklin D. Roosevelt was instrumental in establishing the UN and coined the term "United Nations" to describe the Allied powers fighting against the Axis. Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin held conferences during the war where they discussed creating a new international organization to prevent future wars. On June 26, 1945 representatives from 50 countries signed the UN Charter in San Francisco, officially establishing the United Nations on October 24, 1945.

1. United Nations
The
Beacon of

2. Birth Of United Nations
The United Nations was created
at the end of the Second World
War, replacing the League of
Nations
US President Franklin D
Roosevelt was a driving force
behind the creation of the
United Nations
The name “United Nations”
was used by Roosevelt to
describe the alliance fighting
the Axis powers in World War 2

3. Birth Of United Nations
From 1941 to 1945, United
States President Franklin
Roosevelt, British Prime
Minister Winston Churchill,
and Soviet Premier
Joseph Stalin held various
conferences in which
they discussed various
principles
Their experiences helped
them to formulate a plan
to create an
international
peacekeeping
organization with a goal
of preventing future wars
on the scale of World
War II.

4. Birth Of United Nations
26 June 1945,
Representatives of
50 countries sign the
charter of the United
Nations at a
conference in San
Francisco
UN officially comes
into existence on 24
October 1945
Charter of the United Nations

6. The four policemen
World peace was to be maintained by what Roosevelt
described as the “four policemen”-the US, UK, USSR
and China, acting together to prevent conflict
These four policemen, along with France, became the
five permanent members of the UN Security Council
The USSR initially opposed China’s inclusion as one of
the “policemen”, but Roosevelt insisted. Churchill was
not happy about it either.

7. Three of the “policemen” at Y ta
al
in 1945
From Left to Right : Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin

8. What is the United Nations ?
• An international organization designed to
make the enforcement of international
law, security, human rights, economic and
social progress easier for countries
around the world
Functions Of UN are:• Promote international cooperation
• Maintain peace and security
throughout the world
• Develop friendly relations amongst
nations
• Cooperate in solving international
problems
• Promote respect for human rights

9. Principles of UN
1) To settle differences among nations by peaceful
means.
2) Not to use any threat or force against any state.
3) Give the United Nations every assistance in any
action, especially war.
4) Fulfill the charter’ obligations with all sincerity.

10. Organs of the UN
Security Council
General Assembly
Economic and Social Council
Trusteeship Council
The Secretariat
The International Court of Justice (The Hague)

11. United Nation’s
SECURITY COUNCIL

12. Security Council
• Purpose: Maintain peace and security
• Membership:
– 5 permanent members (China, France, Britain,
US, Russia),
– 10 non-perm members (elected 2 yrs. terms
by GA)
– 9/15 votes to take action, including all 5
permanent
• Function/Powers:
– Investigate and mediate disputes (binding decisions)
– Apply political and economic sanctions
– Take military action when necessary

13. The UN Security Council

14. The Security Council has the
responsibility to…
to investigate any dispute or situation which might lead to
international friction;
to determine the existence of a threat to the peace or act of
aggression and to recommend what action should be taken;
to take military action against an aggressor;
to recommend the admission of new Members;
to recommend to the General Assembly the appointment of the
Secretary-General and to elect the Judges of the International Court
of Justice.

15. United Nation’s
GENERAL ASSEMBLY

16. General Assembl
y
• Purpose: Open, deliberative forum
• Membership:
– All member nations (193)
– 1 vote per delegation
– 2/3rd vote to pass resolutions
• Function/Powers:
– Elect members of other organs
– Debate issues and make (non-binding)
recommendations
– Approve budget and spending
– Suspend or revoke membership

17. UN General Assembl
y

18. United Nation’s
THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL
COUNCIL (ECOSOC)

19. Economic and Social
Council
• Purpose: Promote higher standard of living, econ and
social progress
• Membership:
– 54 members- regional representation
– 3 year terms
– 1 vote per nation
• Function/Powers:
– Formulate policy
– Discuss & Initiate studies concerning economic/social issues
– Call international summits

20. Economic and Social
Council

21. United Nation’s
TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL

22. Trusteeship Council
• Purpose:
- Responsible for supervising the
administration of Trust Territories placed
under the Trusteeship System.
• Major goals :
- to promote the advancement of the
inhabitants of Trust Territories and their
progressive development
- towards self-government or independence.

23. Trusteeship Council

24. United Nation’s
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF
JUSTICE
(WORLD COURT)

25. International Court of
Justice
• Purpose: Settle disputes of international law
• Membership:
– 15 Justices (independent once
elected)
– 9 year terms
– Peace Palace (The Hague, Amsterdam)
• Function/Powers:
– Nations submitting disputes agree to decisions
– Advise organs on legal questions

26. International Court of Justice
The Hague,

27. United Nation’s
THE SECRETARIAT

28. THE Secretariat
• Purpose: Carry out daily operations
• Membership:
– Secretary General (Ban Ki-moon) – 5 yrs.
– ~50K+ workers in various agencies and offices
(NYC main)
• Function/Powers:
– Administer programs and policies
– Create press releases

29. United Nation’s
SECRETARY-GENERAL

30. Secretary- general
The secretary-general,
appointed for a fiveyear term by the
General Assembly on
the recommendation of
the Security Council.
Secretary-general is the
chief administrative
official of the UN
Current UN Secretary-General
Ban-Ki Moon – South Korea

31. List of UN Secretary- General

32. Various Agency's of UN
• World Health Organization (WHO), a specialized
agency of the United Nations (UN), with
headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. WHO was
established in 1948.
Advisory services include aid in training medical
personnel and in giving knowledge of various
diseases.
• United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), agency of
the United Nations (UN) devoted to the welfare
of children.
The organization was established in 1946 to help
children in post-World War II Europe and China.
UNICEF currently focuses on establishing programs
that give long-term benefits to children everywhere

33. Various Agency's of UN
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO), agency of the United Nations (UN), created in 1946.
The main priorities of UNESCO's programmes include achieving
education for all, establishing a culture of peace through
education promoting the free flow of information
between countries,as well as freedom of the press,
protecting natural and cultural heritage, and supporting
the expression of cultural identities.
Head quarter of UNESCO is in Paris.
International Labour Organization (ILO), a specialized agency
associated with the United Nations (UN), whose worldwide
objectives are to improve,
 labour conditions,
 promote productive employment and social progress,
 and raise living standards.
The ILO headquarters is in Geneva, Switzerland;

34. UN facts
UN has 192 member states
Un headquarters is situated in New York
The US has always been by far the largest single contributor to the UN budget.
The budget for the UN's main operations is $2.5 billion a year.
The UN Secretariat worldwide employs some 15,000 people from 170 different
countries
Six official languages are used at the UN: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian,
and Spanish.

35. THANK YOU FOR YOUR COOPERATION
• BY :-
MOIDEEN THASHREEF
JAYARAJ NAIR
DARWIN THOMAS
XII-B