The United Nations was formed in 1945 after World War II to promote international cooperation and prevent future conflicts. It was established officially on October 24, 1945 and is headquartered in New York City. The UN has 193 member states and works to maintain peace and security, protect human rights, deliver humanitarian aid, promote sustainable development, and uphold international law.

3. UNITED NATION ORGANIZATION (UNO)

4. DEFINATION: The united nations organization (UNO) is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international society, Economic development, special progress, human rights and the achieving of world peace. DATE OF FORMATION: At the united nations (UN) conference in SAN FRANSICO in April 1945, representatives from 51 countries came together and drew up the UN charter. The charter was signed by 50 nations on 26 June 1945.

5. HISTORY: Introduction: United nations (UN), international organization of countries created promote world peace and cooperation. The UN was founded after 2 nd world war which was ended in 1945. Its mission is to maintain world peace, develop world’s problems and encourage respect for human rights. FIRST WORLD WAR (1914-1918): After the end of 1 st world war it was realized that how horrible and destructive was this war for the mankind and its roaming generations. SECOND WORLD WAR (1939-1945): The second world war took place which proceed more destructive and dangers for the life of common man on the world level.

6. ESTABLISHMENT OF UNO: The united nations officially came into existence on 24 th October 1945, when the charter had been ratified by CHINA, FRANCE . The soviet union the UK , the USA and by a majority of other signatories. HEAD QUARTER OF UNO: International territory in New York City, USA

7. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: 1) To maintain international peace and security and to that end; to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, to bring about by peaceful means, inconformity with the principal of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace. 2) To develop friendly relations among nations based respect for the principal of equal rights and self determination of peoples and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace. 3) To achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social cultural, or humanitarian character, in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all with out distinction as to race, six language or religion.

8. General Assembly United Nations Composed of all United Nations member states , the assembly meets in regular yearly sessions under a president elected from among the member states.

9. Security Council: The Security Council is charged with maintaining peace and security among countries. The Security Council has the power to make binding decisions that member governments have agreed to carry out, under the terms of Charter Article 25.

10. Secretariat: The United Nations Secretariat Building at the United Nations Headquarters in New York City. It carries out tasks as directed by the UN Security Council, the UN General Assembly, the UN Economic and Social Council, and other UN bodies.

11. Secretary-General: The Secretariat is headed by the Secretary-General , who acts as the de facto spokesperson and leader of the UN. The current Secretary-General is Ban Ki-moon , who took over from Kofi Annan in 2007 and has been elected for a second term to conclude at the end of 2016.

12. International Court of Justice: The International Court of Justice (ICJ), located in The Hague , Netherlands. The Statute of the International Court of Justice, similar to that of its predecessor, is the main constitutional document constituting and regulating the Court.

13. Economic and Social Council: The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) assists the General Assembly in promoting international economic and social cooperation and development. ECOSOC has 54 members. ECOSOC meets once a year in July for a four-week session. ECOSOC's functions include information gathering, advising member nations, and making recommendations.

14. Membership: 193 member states Official languages: Arabic Chinese English French Russian Spanish

15. FUNCTION: The UN today has the same basic perpose and structure as it did when it was founded in1945. Its primary perposed and greatest benefit to its members is to maintain world peace. The UN helps co-ordinate the work of agencies and programs, both with in its own organization and outside it. It also collects and publishes global statistics.

16. Agencies of the United Nations No Acronyms Agency 1 FAO Food and Agriculture Organization . 2 IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency 3 ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization 4 IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development 5 ILO International Labour Organization 6 IMO International Maritime Organization 7 IMF International Monetary Fund 8 ITU International Telecommunication Union 9 UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 10 UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization 11 UPU Universal Postal Union 12 WB World Bank 13 WFP World Food Programme 14 WHO World Health Organization 15 WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization 16 WMO World Meteorological Organization 17 UNWTO World Tourism Organization

17. Major Achievements of the United Nations: Maintaining peace and security Making peace Promoting human rights Protecting the environment Preventing nuclear proliferation Promoting self determination and independence Strengthening international law Handing down judicial settlements of major international disputes Providing safe drinking water Eradicating smallpox Pressing for universal immunization Reducing child mortality rates

18. Top 10 donators to the UN budget, 2011 Member state Contribution ( % of UN budget) USA 2.000% Japan 12.530% Germany 8.018% United Kingdom 6.604% France 6.123% Italy 4.999% Canada 3.207% China 3.189% Spain 3.177% Mexico 2.356% Other member states 27.797%

19. *How has the United Nations changed international relations? The UN has had so many positive impacts on the world that naming a few would be almost silly but here goes: 1. Established a peace treaty in Yugoslavia. If the UN didn't exist the genocide would have continued. 2. Has a security council that is made up of almost every type of political standing in which all have to agree if war is allowed to happen and is just. 3. Established neutral zones in many Middle Eastern conflicts to make both sides take a breather and try to talk. 4. It allows for open communication between all the nations in the world. 5. Send food aid to many poor locations.