This document discusses three types of design thinking: systematic, intuitive, and expansive. Systematic design thinking involves defining requirements up front, designing separate and interconnected components, and making decisions based on quantitative data. Intuitive design thinking stems from inspiration and involves refining conceptual sketches through alternatives and models. Expansive design thinking emphasizes developing empathy, collaboration across disciplines, and holistic visions that consider social and technical factors. The document provides examples of where each type is commonly used and schools that teach expansive design thinking, such as Stanford's d.School, which aims to spread IDEO's particular approach and uses flexible spaces, prototyping tools, and activities like posting notes to enable collaboration.

1. Systematic, intuitive and
expansive design thinking
Frederick van Amstel @fredvanamstel
http://fredvanamstel.com
Architecture and Design School
Digital Design
PUCPR

2. What is design thinking?
•A particular way to think about design activity
•It is like legal thinking: there are many types of
legal thinking. European legal thinking, greek
legal thinking... It is an approach to think.
•Design thinking encompasses a broad range of
values, concepts and rules that shape design
activity

3. Systematic design thinking
•Define requirements before starting
•Designing separate modules or components
•Creating systems that connect all parts
•Avoid mistakes and failures
•Decisions based on quantities
•Designing with explicit constraints

4. Systematic design thinking is common in Engineering and
Management

5. Books on Systematic Design Thinking

6. Intuitive design thinking
•The project stems from a moment of inspiration
•The concept is visualized through sketches, which
transform into alternatives and models
•The project is refined until it reaches a high
degree of internal coherence
•The project is not implemented by its creators
and must be defended or sold

7. Intuitive design thinking is common in Architecture, Design
e Advertising

8. Books on intuitive design thinking

9. Expansive design thinking
•The project stems from developing empathy by a
particular type of person
•Work is collaborative and involves many
disciplines
•Design models are simple and accessible by all
•Emphasizes an holistic vision (social,
psychological, technical, financial)

10. Expansive design thinking is common in Art, Design,
Urbanism and Computer Science

11. Books on expansive design thinking

12. Expansive design thinking
schools
•Stanford (US)
•Postdam (Germany)
•Malmö (Sweden)
•Southern Denmark
•Politecnico de Milano (Italy)

13. d.School at Stanford
•Created in 2005 with a $35
million donation by SAP
director, Hasso Platner
•The goal was to spread
the particular design
thinking adopted by IDEO
(the company founded by
David Kelley, also a
professor at Stanford)

14. The d.School space is very flexible and has plenty of tools
to enable group collaboration and prototyping

15. d.School does not offer degrees and does not compete with
other schools. It is a meeting point for all schools.

16. The massive use of post-its is a recognized characteristic.
Post-its enable moving an idea from here to there.

17. Posts-its are not the single material used...

18. Students are encouraged to use play for co-creation.

19. Each project has its own temporary space for collaboration.

20. Schools and courses around the world influenced by
Stanford’s design thinking

21. Design Lab at UTwente
•“Science 2 Design 4
Society” slogan
•A shared space between
Engineering, Computer
Science and Social
Sciences, inspired by
d.School
•Multidisciplinary projects
to turn scientific
discoveries into products

22. Initially used as a place for relaxed collaborative work.

23. Prof. Pelle Ehn (Malmö) was invited to teach a Master Class
and energize the Design Lab.

24. Students investigated why was the Design Lab so empty

25. Students occupied the Design Lab without permission at
night and co-created a lot of random stuff.

26. Exercise 1
•Design a website for your friend using only an A3
paper

27. Exercise 2
•Design a house for your friend using only an A3
paper

28. Exercise 3
•Design an eyebrow for your friend using only an
A3 paper

29. Thanks!
Frederick van Amstel @fredvanamstel
http://fredvanamstel.com
Architecture and Design School
Digital Design
PUCPR