This document discusses surveying instruments used in civil engineering. It describes various tools like chains for measuring distance, clinometers for measuring inclined angles, planimeters for measuring irregular areas, and compasses for determining directions. Additional instruments mentioned include ranging rods, reflector prisms, auto levels, staff rods, theodolites, total stations, tripods, pegs, scales, plan tables, and plumb bobs. Each tool has a specific purpose in surveying applications.

1. Week No.2
Surveying-I
Lecture No.2
B-Tech 2015
By:
Engr. Shams Ul Islam
Lecturer, Civil Engg. Department
CECOS University Peshawar

2. Surveying Instruments
Different type of instruments used in surveying are
• Chain
Chain is an instrument used to measure linear distance in
surveying.
2Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)

3. • Tape
Accurate measurements are carried out through tape in survey.
• Clinometer
Used to measure angle for inclined distance.
3Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)

4. • Planimeter
The Planimeter is a drafting instrument used to measure the area of
a graphically represented planar region. The region being measured
may have any irregular shape, making this instrument remarkably
versatile.
4Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)

5. • Compass
A compass is an instrument used for navigation and orientation
that shows direction relative to the geographic "cardinal directions
i.e. (North, South, East and West)", or "points".
Compass are of different types.
1. Trough Compass
5Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)

6. 2. Prismatic Compass
This Prismatic Compass is used for the purpose of measuring
magnetic bearings.
6Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)

7. Surveyor Compass
This compass is also used fro measuring bearing with the
North and south poles. The bearing are shown in quadrants.
7Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)

8. • Ranging Rods
These rods are used in surveying for stationing and ranging of
lines.
• Reflector/Prism
Used in total station
Surveying as shown
in figure
8Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)

9. • Bags
Used for keeping the instruments
like prism etc. safe.
• Field Book
Used for entering the
field data (measurements).
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10. • Auto level
Used in levelling process of survey.
10Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)

11. • Staff rod/ Levelling rods
Used with auto level in measuring the levels of different points or objects.
11Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)

12. • Theodolite
Used for measuring horizontal
and vertical angles.
• Total Station
Used for measuring angles,
Coordinates, levelling etc.
12Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)

13. • Tripod
Used for setting out of Instruments like Auto level, theodolite,
total stations etc.
• Pegs
Used for stations point or
used in setting of curves.
13Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)

14. • Scales
Used in plotting of surveying works
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15. • Plan Table
Used in plan table surveying
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16. • Plumb bob
Used for verticality
and point centering.
16Engr.Shams Ul Islam (shams@cecos.edu.pk)