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Subpart F - Fire Protection
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- 2. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.150 Fire protection 1926.150(a) General requirements. (1) “The employer shall be responsible for the development of a fire protection program to be followed throughout all phases of the construction and demolition work, and he shall provide for the firefighting equipment as specified in this subpart. As fire hazards occur, there shall be no delay in providing the necessary equipment.” 2
- 3. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.150 Fire protection 1926.150(a)(2) “Access to all available firefighting equipment shall be maintained at all times.” 1926.150(a)(3) “All firefighting equipment, provided by the employer, shall be conspicuously located.” 3
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- 5. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.150 Fire protection 1926.150(c) Portable firefighting equipment-(1) Fire extinguishers and small hose lines. (i) “A fire extinguisher, rated not less than 2A, shall be provided for each 3,000 square feet of the protected building area, or major fraction thereof. Travel distance from any point of the protected area to the nearest fire extinguisher shall not exceed 100 feet.” 5
- 6. Subpart F -Fire Protection • Types of Fires – Class A- Ordinary materials such as paper, wood, cloth – Class B- Flammable liquids or Combustible liquids such as gasoline, paint, thinners, propane, kerosene – Class C- Electrical equipment fires, appliances, switches, panels – Class D- Certain metals such as magnesium, sodium, that could explode! 6
- 7. Types of Fires Combustible Ordinary Flammable Electrical A B Liquids C Equipment D Combustibles Metals 7
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- 9. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.150 Fire protection 1926.150(c)(1)(ii) “One 55-gallon open drum of water with two fire pails may be substituted for a fire extinguisher having a 2A rating.” 1926.150(c)(1)(v) “Extinguishers and water drums, subject to freezing, shall be protected from freezing.” 9
- 10. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.150 Fire protection 1926.150(c)(1)(vii) “Carbon tetrachloride and other toxic vaporizing liquid fire extinguishers are prohibited.” 1926.150(c)(1)(viii) “Portable fire extinguishers shall be inspected periodically and maintained in accordance with Maintenance and Use of Portable Fire Extinguishers, NFPA No. 10A-1970.” 10
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- 12. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.150 Fire protection 1926.150(d)(2) Standpipes. “In all structures in which standpipes are required, or where standpipes exist in structures being altered, they shall be brought up as soon as applicable laws permit, and shall be maintained as construction progresses in such a manner that they are always ready for fire protection use. The standpipes shall be provided with Siamese fire department connections on the outside of the structure, at the street level, which shall be conspicuously marked. There shall be at least one standard hose outlet at each floor.”
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- 15. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.150 Fire protection 1926.150(e) Fire alarm devices. (1) “An alarm system e.g., telephone system, siren, etc., shall be established by the employer whereby employees on the site and the local fire department can be alerted for an emergency.” 15
- 16. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.152 Flammable and combustible liquids 1926.152(a) General requirements. (1) “Only approved containers and portable tanks shall be used for storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids. Approved safety cans or Department of Transportation approved containers shall be used for the handling and use of flammable liquids in quantities of 5 gallons or less, except that this shall not apply to those flammable liquid materials which are highly viscid (extremely hard to pour), which may be used and handled in original shipping containers. For quantities of one gallon or less, the original container may be used, for storage, use and handling of flammable liquids.”
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- 19. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.152 Flammable and combustible liquids 1926.152(b) Indoor storage of flammable and combustible liquids. (1) “No more than 25 gallons of flammable liquids shall be stored in a room outside of an approved storage cabinet. For storage of liquefied petroleum gas, see 1926.153.” 19
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- 21. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.152 Flammable and combustible liquids 1926.152(b)(2)(iii) “Cabinets shall be labeled in conspicuous lettering. Flammable-Keep Fire away.” 1926.152(b)(3) “Not more than 60 gallons of flammable or 120 gallons of combustible liquids shall be stored in any one storage cabinet. Not more than three such cabinets may be located in a single storage area. Quantities in excess of this shall be stored in an inside storage room.” 21
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- 23. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.152 Flammable and combustible liquids 1926.152(e)(2) “Transfer of flammable liquids from one container to another shall be done only when containers are electrically interconnected (bonded).” 23
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- 25. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.152 Flammable and combustible liquids 1926.152(g) Service and refueling areas. (1) “Flammable or combustible liquids shall be stored in approved closed containers, in tanks located underground, or in aboveground portable tanks.” 1926.152(g)(9) “Conspicuous and legible signs prohibiting smoking shall be posted.” 1926.152(g)(10) “The motors of all equipment being fueled shall be shut off during the fueling operation.”
- 26. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.155 Definitions applicable to this subpart 1926.155(a) Approved “for the purpose of this subpart, means equipment that has been listed or approved by a nationally recognized testing laboratory such as Factory Mutual Engineering Corp., or Underwriters’ Laboratories, Inc., or Federal agencies such as the Bureau of Mines, or U.S. Coast Guard, which issue approvals for such equipment.” 26
- 27. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.155 Definitions applicable to this subpart 1926.155(b) Closed container “means a container so sealed by means of a lid or other device that neither liquid nor vapor will escape from it at ordinary temperatures.” 1926.155(c) Combustible liquids “means any liquid having a flash point at or above 1400 F. (600 C.), and below 2000 F (93.40 C).” 27
- 28. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.155 Definitions applicable to this subpart 1926.155(g) Flammable “means capable of being easily ignited, burning intensely, or having a rapid rate of flame spread.” 19126/155(h) Flammable liquids “means any liquid having a flashpoint below 1400 F. and having a vapor pressure not exceeding 40 pounds per square in inch (absolute) at 1000 F.” 28
- 29. Explosion Pressure Flammable Range LEL UEL Vapor/Gas Concentration in Air (%) 29
- 30. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.155 Definitions applicable to this subpart 1926.155(i) Flash point of the liquid means the temperature at which it gives off sufficient to form an ignitable mixture with the air near the surface of the liquid or within the vessel used as determined by appropriate test procedure and apparatus……. 30
- 31. 200 Fº III 140 Fº Flash Point Fº Combustible II Flash point > 100 Fº 100 Fº Flammable IC Flash point < 100 Fº 73 Fº IA IB Boiling Point Fº 31
- 32. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ANDHEALTH OSHA ADMINISTRATION Subpart F – Fire protection and prevention 1926.155 Definitions applicable to this subpart 1926.155(l) Safety can “means an approved closed container, of not more than 5 gallons capacity, having a flash-arresting screen, spring-closing lid and spout cover and so designed that it will safely relieve internal pressure when subjected to fire exposure.” 32
- 33. Approved Safety Can •Flame arrester screen Prevents fire flashback into can contents • Double wire-mesh construction • Large surface area provides rapid dissipation of heat from fire so that vapor temperature inside can remains below ignition point
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