Stomata are small pores found on plant leaves that allow for gas exchange and transpiration. They consist of three main parts: the pore, guard cells, and subsidiary cells. The pore allows for gas exchange and transpiration. Guard cells are specialized cells that surround the pore and help open and close the stomata. Subsidiary cells are associated with the guard cells and help with their function. Together, the pore, guard cells, and subsidiary cells make up the stomatal apparatus. Stomata open during the day to allow for transpiration and photosynthesis, and close at night. There are different types of guard cell shapes and stomatal arrangements across monocot and dicot leaves.

1. & Their type
By Pankaj Kukreti

2. Stomata :Stomata Denoted To
Small Pore Present On
Leaf , Which Are For
Mean Of Gasseous
Exchange & Transpiration
They Constituent Three
Part
-Cell Pore
- Guard Cell
- Subsidiary Cell

3. Cell Pore :- Pore Present On Leaf
- Help In Gasseous Exchange
- Transpiration Occur By This

4. Guard Cell
Specialized Cell surrounds Stromatal Pore
-Always Present In Pair
- Helping Stomata In Opening & Closing
-

5. Subsidiary Cell
These Are Type Of Epidermal Cell Which Are
Associated With Guard Cell
They Are Morphologically Different From
Guard Cell also Called Accessory Cell

6. Stomatal Apparatus
Stomatal Pore , Guard Cell & Subsidiary
Cell Together Called Stomatal Apparatus

7. Open & Closed Stomata
>> Open Stomata Happen At Day Time
Closed Stomata Happen At Night Timing
>>At Open Time Transpiration Occur
At Closed Timing No Transpiration Occur

8. Types Of Guard Cell
In Dicot Leaf= Kidney Shape
In Monocot Leaf= Dum bell Shape

9. Arrangement Of Stomata
In Monocot = Parellel
In Dicot = Irregular

10. Presence Of Stomata In Leaf
Polygonum Type
Mesophytic Type
Monocot Type

11. Stomata Based On Ontegeny Development
Haplocheilic Type :Guard Cell Originate By
Stomatal initial & Neighbouring
Cell Get Concerted Into Guard
Cell
Syndetocheili Type :Here , Guard & Subsdiary Cell
Originate From Same mother
Cell

12. Metacalfe & Chalk :Describe 4 Type Of Dicot Stomata

13. Anomocytic Type :Here , Stomata Surround With Limited
Number Of Cell , Which Cannot be
Differentiated From Other Cell

14. Anisocytic Type :Here, Stoma Surrounds by 3
Subsdiary Cell , In Which One cell
is Smaller Than Other Two

15. Diacytic Type :Here, Stomal Encloses In Pair Of
Subsidiary Cell In Which They Are
in At Right angle To Guard Cell

16. Paracytic Type :Here Subsidairy Cell Arranged In That
Manner They Having Same Arrangement As
Guard Cell