Types of muscle
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There are three main types of muscle in the human body: striated muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. Striated muscle is found in limbs and organs like the tongue and pharynx. It has long cylindrical fibers with blunt ends and uninucleated cells. Smooth muscle forms sheets in organs like the stomach and contracts slowly for long periods. Cardiac muscle is only found in the heart myocardium and has branched fibers that never fatigue.
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Muscles
Muscular movement is controlled by three types of muscle tissues: striated, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Striated muscle makes up skeletal muscle and controls voluntary movement. It is characterized by visible striations due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments. Contraction occurs when myosin heads bind to actin and pull the filaments together, shortening the muscle. Several proteins and structures are involved in the precise sliding mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation. Common muscular disorders include muscular dystrophy, osteoporosis, and different types of arthritis that affect the joints and bones.
Muscular System
The muscular system is composed of about 700 named muscles that make up half of a person's body weight. Muscle tissue is found throughout the body and allows for functions like movement, posture, respiration, heat production, and heart contraction. There are three main types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle is attached to bones and allows voluntary movement. Disorders that can affect muscles include cramps, fibromyalgia, muscular dystrophy, and tendinitis. The effects of aging include a loss of muscle mass and strength starting as early as age 25.
Muscular system
properties & mechanism of muscular system, mechanism of contraction, biochemistry of muscles and neuromuscular junction.
Muscular System Ppt
The muscular system is composed of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle is voluntary and allows for movement, while smooth and cardiac muscle are involuntary and control digestion and heart function. Muscles contract when stimulated by nerves and work in pairs to produce movement. Regular exercise is important to strengthen muscles and prevent deterioration.
structure of skeletal muscle.ppt.pptx
Skeletal muscle is one of the three significant muscle tissues in the human body. Each skeletal muscle consists of thousands of muscle fibers wrapped together by connective tissue sheaths. The individual bundles of muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle are known as fasciculi.
Muscle contraction
The document describes various aspects of muscle contraction including:
1) Excitation-contraction coupling which involves depolarization of the muscle membrane leading to calcium release and muscle contraction.
2) The roles of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, t-tubules, and troponin-tropomyosin complex in regulating calcium levels and exposing actin binding sites during contraction.
3) The sliding filament theory of how myosin heads binding to actin causes muscle shortening through an ATP-driven cycling of cross-bridge formation and breaking.
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This document discusses the three main types of muscle tissue - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. It describes their structural and physiological characteristics, including that skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary, and smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary. The document also examines the structure of skeletal muscle fibers down to the sarcomere level and explores muscle contraction types, the role of ATP as an energy source, and factors that influence muscle tension and can lead to fatigue.
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Muscles
Muscular movement is controlled by three types of muscle tissues: striated, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Striated muscle makes up skeletal muscle and controls voluntary movement. It is characterized by visible striations due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments. Contraction occurs when myosin heads bind to actin and pull the filaments together, shortening the muscle. Several proteins and structures are involved in the precise sliding mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation. Common muscular disorders include muscular dystrophy, osteoporosis, and different types of arthritis that affect the joints and bones.
Muscular System
The muscular system is composed of about 700 named muscles that make up half of a person's body weight. Muscle tissue is found throughout the body and allows for functions like movement, posture, respiration, heat production, and heart contraction. There are three main types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle is attached to bones and allows voluntary movement. Disorders that can affect muscles include cramps, fibromyalgia, muscular dystrophy, and tendinitis. The effects of aging include a loss of muscle mass and strength starting as early as age 25.
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The muscular system is composed of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle is voluntary and allows for movement, while smooth and cardiac muscle are involuntary and control digestion and heart function. Muscles contract when stimulated by nerves and work in pairs to produce movement. Regular exercise is important to strengthen muscles and prevent deterioration.
structure of skeletal muscle.ppt.pptx
Skeletal muscle is one of the three significant muscle tissues in the human body. Each skeletal muscle consists of thousands of muscle fibers wrapped together by connective tissue sheaths. The individual bundles of muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle are known as fasciculi.
Muscle contraction
The document describes various aspects of muscle contraction including:
1) Excitation-contraction coupling which involves depolarization of the muscle membrane leading to calcium release and muscle contraction.
2) The roles of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, t-tubules, and troponin-tropomyosin complex in regulating calcium levels and exposing actin binding sites during contraction.
3) The sliding filament theory of how myosin heads binding to actin causes muscle shortening through an ATP-driven cycling of cross-bridge formation and breaking.
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This document discusses the three main types of muscle tissue - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. It describes their structural and physiological characteristics, including that skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary, and smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary. The document also examines the structure of skeletal muscle fibers down to the sarcomere level and explores muscle contraction types, the role of ATP as an energy source, and factors that influence muscle tension and can lead to fatigue.
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The document summarizes the structure and function of the three main types of muscle tissue - skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. It describes the key components of skeletal muscle including muscle fibers, sarcomeres and myofilaments. The sliding filament model of muscle contraction is explained, whereby interaction between the thick and thin myofilaments causes sarcomeres to shorten and muscles to contract.
section 3, chapter 9 cross-bridge cycling
During a muscle contraction, thick myosin filaments and thin actin filaments slide across one another via cross-bridge cycling where myosin heads bind to and pull on actin filaments. This causes the sarcomere, the basic unit of muscle contraction, to shorten as the Z-bands move closer together without a change in filament lengths. The sliding filament model explains muscle contraction through cyclical cross-bridge binding powered by ATP hydrolysis allowing the power stroke and detachment of myosin from actin to enable repeated contractions.
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Skeletal muscle is composed of long cylindrical muscle fibers that contain contractile filaments called myofibrils. Myofibrils contain regularly arranged thick and thin filaments that allow for muscle contraction via the sliding filament mechanism. Thick filaments are composed of myosin and thin filaments are composed of actin. When calcium levels rise, myosin heads bind to actin and the power stroke causes thin filaments to slide inward, shortening the sarcomere and muscle fiber. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum via T-tubules in response to neural stimulation.
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This document summarizes muscle physiology, including:
1. The functions of muscle tissue such as movement, stability, and respiration.
2. The properties of muscle tissue including excitability, conductivity, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity.
3. The types and classifications of muscles as well as the roles of agonist and antagonist muscles.
4. Key aspects of muscle anatomy and the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction.
Muscle contraction
This document discusses the physiology of muscle contraction. It describes the three types of muscle tissue - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. It explains that muscle contraction is initiated by calcium ion release, which allows the sliding of actin and myosin filaments. This sliding filament theory involves myosin binding to actin and using ATP hydrolysis to generate a power stroke, shortening the muscle. Repeated cycling of this cross-bridge formation causes muscle contraction.
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4. smooth muscle tissue
A. Skeletal muscle
B. Smooth muscle
C. Cardiac muscle
The primary identifying characteristics are:
A. Multiple peripheral nuclei
B. No striations
C. Intercalated discs
Isometric, Isotonic contraction and motor unit.pptx
1. There are three types of muscle contractions: isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic. Isometric contractions occur at a fixed length, isotonic contractions involve shortening against a fixed load, and isokinetic contractions shorten at a constant speed.
2. A motor unit consists of a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates. Motor units vary in size depending on the muscle's function. During forceful contractions, more motor units and larger motor units are recruited in a principle known as the size principle.
3. Force summation occurs through multiple fiber summation, recruiting more motor units simultaneously, and frequency summation, where contractions occur rapidly in tetanization. This allows graded muscle force through recruitment patterns
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This document summarizes the key properties and functions of the three main types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. It describes their locations, structures, contraction mechanisms, and functions. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones via tendons to enable movement. Cardiac muscle is also striated and pumps blood throughout the body. Smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary, found in organs to enable processes like digestion. The document provides detailed descriptions of muscle fibers, sarcomeres, calcium handling, and more.
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The sliding filament theory of muscle contraction occurs in 5 phases:
1) A nervous impulse causes acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction, depolarizing the motor end plate and triggering calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
2) Calcium binds to troponin, displacing tropomyosin and exposing actin binding sites for myosin.
3) ATP hydrolysis allows myosin to pull actin inward, shortening the sarcomere as cross-bridges detach and reattach down the actin filament.
4) Contraction continues as long as ATP and calcium levels remain high.
5) When the impulse stops, calcium reenters storage and
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• Producing body movements
• Stabilizing body positions
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– bands of smooth muscle called sphincters
• Movement of substances within the body
– blood, lymph, urine, air, food and fluids, sperm
• Producing heat
– involuntary contractions of skeletal muscle (shivering
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This document provides an overview of kinesiology and rehabilitation. It defines kinesiology as the scientific study of human movement and notes it is used by therapists to analyze movement patterns and plan treatment. The document also defines rehabilitation as treatment designed to facilitate recovery to as normal a condition as possible. It describes the functions of rehabilitation as addressing physical, psychological and environmental needs to restore function or modify environments. Finally, it outlines different types of rehabilitation therapies including physical, occupational and speech therapy.
Structure and histology of different types of muscles
PPT includes structure and histology of different types of muscles i.e., smooth, cardiac and skeletal muscles.
Muscle histology by dr. armaan singh
Skeletal muscle tissue functions include movement, posture maintenance, joint stabilization, and heat generation. The main types of muscle tissue are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones and moving the skeleton. Cardiac muscle is only found in the heart walls and has involuntary, rhythmic contractions. Smooth muscle lacks striations and controls involuntary functions like digestion and blood flow. All muscle tissues contain contractile filaments that slide past each other to cause shortening, but the tissues differ in organization, fiber type, and control.
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There are three types of muscle tissue in the body - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is striated, voluntary, and found attached to bones. It allows for movement. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and is striated and involuntary. Smooth muscle is not striated, has one nucleus, and is found in organs like the GI tract and blood vessels. It allows for functions like digestion. Muscle contraction occurs via a sliding filament mechanism where actin and myosin filaments interact using ATP for energy.
Human Bone Tissue
Bone tissue is the major structural and supportive connective tissue of the body. Osseous tissue forms the rigid part of the bones that make up the skeletal system.
Isotonic & isometric contraction
1) Muscle contraction requires energy supplied by ATP, which is generated through several metabolic pathways in the muscle cell, including phosphocreatine, glycogen breakdown, and oxidative metabolism.
2) As muscle contracts, it produces heat from various sources like activation, shortening, maintenance, relaxation, and recovery.
3) The different metabolic pathways sustain muscle contraction for varying durations, with phosphocreatine and glycolysis sustaining maximal contraction for only a few seconds to a minute, while oxidative metabolism provides energy for sustained, long-term contraction.
Muscle structure
The document discusses the three types of muscle tissues: cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle. It describes the characteristics of each type of muscle. Cardiac muscle is only found in the heart and is involuntary. Smooth muscle is found in organs and blood vessels and is also involuntary. Skeletal muscle is voluntary and attached to bones. The document also discusses muscle structure including myofibrils and myofilaments. It describes the roles of connective tissues like collagen, tendons, and ligaments. Motor units are defined as a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it connects to.
Types of muscle contraction ushnish
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The document summarizes the structure and function of the three main types of muscle tissue - skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. It describes the key components of skeletal muscle including muscle fibers, sarcomeres and myofilaments. The sliding filament model of muscle contraction is explained, whereby interaction between the thick and thin myofilaments causes sarcomeres to shorten and muscles to contract.
section 3, chapter 9 cross-bridge cycling
During a muscle contraction, thick myosin filaments and thin actin filaments slide across one another via cross-bridge cycling where myosin heads bind to and pull on actin filaments. This causes the sarcomere, the basic unit of muscle contraction, to shorten as the Z-bands move closer together without a change in filament lengths. The sliding filament model explains muscle contraction through cyclical cross-bridge binding powered by ATP hydrolysis allowing the power stroke and detachment of myosin from actin to enable repeated contractions.
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Skeletal muscle is composed of long cylindrical muscle fibers that contain contractile filaments called myofibrils. Myofibrils contain regularly arranged thick and thin filaments that allow for muscle contraction via the sliding filament mechanism. Thick filaments are composed of myosin and thin filaments are composed of actin. When calcium levels rise, myosin heads bind to actin and the power stroke causes thin filaments to slide inward, shortening the sarcomere and muscle fiber. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum via T-tubules in response to neural stimulation.
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This document provides an overview of skeletal muscle tissue, tendons, and ligaments. It discusses the composition, structure, and function of skeletal muscles. Key points include that skeletal muscles are made of cylindrical muscle fibers that contain contractile proteins like actin and myosin. Muscles contract through interactions of thick and thin filaments during neural stimulation. The document also examines muscle injury, healing, and the roles of tendons and ligaments.
Muscle physiology
This document summarizes muscle physiology, including:
1. The functions of muscle tissue such as movement, stability, and respiration.
2. The properties of muscle tissue including excitability, conductivity, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity.
3. The types and classifications of muscles as well as the roles of agonist and antagonist muscles.
4. Key aspects of muscle anatomy and the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction.
Muscle contraction
This document discusses the physiology of muscle contraction. It describes the three types of muscle tissue - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. It explains that muscle contraction is initiated by calcium ion release, which allows the sliding of actin and myosin filaments. This sliding filament theory involves myosin binding to actin and using ATP hydrolysis to generate a power stroke, shortening the muscle. Repeated cycling of this cross-bridge formation causes muscle contraction.
Skeletal muscle contraction
The document discusses skeletal muscle contraction and is presented by Dr. Nilesh Kate. It covers the process of muscle excitation through the generation of an action potential. It then explains excitation-contraction coupling, where the action potential triggers the release of calcium ions, which allows for the linking of excitation and contraction. The process of muscle contraction is described through cross-bridge cycling and the sliding filament theory. Both isotonic and isometric muscle contractions are defined. Key events during muscle contraction and relaxation are outlined, including the roles of calcium ions and ATP.
4. smooth muscle tissue
A. Skeletal muscle
B. Smooth muscle
C. Cardiac muscle
The primary identifying characteristics are:
A. Multiple peripheral nuclei
B. No striations
C. Intercalated discs
Isometric, Isotonic contraction and motor unit.pptx
1. There are three types of muscle contractions: isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic. Isometric contractions occur at a fixed length, isotonic contractions involve shortening against a fixed load, and isokinetic contractions shorten at a constant speed.
2. A motor unit consists of a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates. Motor units vary in size depending on the muscle's function. During forceful contractions, more motor units and larger motor units are recruited in a principle known as the size principle.
3. Force summation occurs through multiple fiber summation, recruiting more motor units simultaneously, and frequency summation, where contractions occur rapidly in tetanization. This allows graded muscle force through recruitment patterns
Muscle fibre types
This document discusses the different types of muscle fibers: Type 1 slow-twitch fibers, and Type 2 fast-twitch fibers including Type 2a fast oxidative glycolytic fibers and Type 2b fast glycolytic fibers. It aims to describe the structure and function of each fiber type, how recruitment patterns vary, and how fiber types can adapt to long term activity or detraining. The document also analyzes how different sports may require different fiber type compositions and discusses fiber type considerations like potential, training effects, detraining effects, and recovery needs.
Muscles classification
This document summarizes the key properties and functions of the three main types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. It describes their locations, structures, contraction mechanisms, and functions. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones via tendons to enable movement. Cardiac muscle is also striated and pumps blood throughout the body. Smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary, found in organs to enable processes like digestion. The document provides detailed descriptions of muscle fibers, sarcomeres, calcium handling, and more.
Sliding filament theory overview
The sliding filament theory of muscle contraction occurs in 5 phases:
1) A nervous impulse causes acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction, depolarizing the motor end plate and triggering calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
2) Calcium binds to troponin, displacing tropomyosin and exposing actin binding sites for myosin.
3) ATP hydrolysis allows myosin to pull actin inward, shortening the sarcomere as cross-bridges detach and reattach down the actin filament.
4) Contraction continues as long as ATP and calcium levels remain high.
5) When the impulse stops, calcium reenters storage and
Smooth muscle
Smooth muscle is non-striated involuntary muscle found throughout the body in organs like the digestive tract, respiratory tract, blood vessels, and reproductive system. It functions to regulate movement and contraction of these structures. Smooth muscle cells are elongated and fusiform in shape, containing contractile proteins like actin and myosin in a non-ordered arrangement. There are two types: single-unit smooth muscle which contracts as a syncytium and is more common, and multi-unit smooth muscle which contracts independently and is innervated by nerves.
Anatomy And Physiology of Muscles tissue
Functions of Muscle Tissue
• Producing body movements
• Stabilizing body positions
• Regulating organ volumes
– bands of smooth muscle called sphincters
• Movement of substances within the body
– blood, lymph, urine, air, food and fluids, sperm
• Producing heat
– involuntary contractions of skeletal muscle (shivering
Introduction to Kinesiology and Rehabilitation
This document provides an overview of kinesiology and rehabilitation. It defines kinesiology as the scientific study of human movement and notes it is used by therapists to analyze movement patterns and plan treatment. The document also defines rehabilitation as treatment designed to facilitate recovery to as normal a condition as possible. It describes the functions of rehabilitation as addressing physical, psychological and environmental needs to restore function or modify environments. Finally, it outlines different types of rehabilitation therapies including physical, occupational and speech therapy.
Structure and histology of different types of muscles
PPT includes structure and histology of different types of muscles i.e., smooth, cardiac and skeletal muscles.
Muscle histology by dr. armaan singh
Skeletal muscle tissue functions include movement, posture maintenance, joint stabilization, and heat generation. The main types of muscle tissue are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones and moving the skeleton. Cardiac muscle is only found in the heart walls and has involuntary, rhythmic contractions. Smooth muscle lacks striations and controls involuntary functions like digestion and blood flow. All muscle tissues contain contractile filaments that slide past each other to cause shortening, but the tissues differ in organization, fiber type, and control.
Muscular system Physiology
There are three types of muscle tissue in the body - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is striated, voluntary, and found attached to bones. It allows for movement. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and is striated and involuntary. Smooth muscle is not striated, has one nucleus, and is found in organs like the GI tract and blood vessels. It allows for functions like digestion. Muscle contraction occurs via a sliding filament mechanism where actin and myosin filaments interact using ATP for energy.
Human Bone Tissue
Bone tissue is the major structural and supportive connective tissue of the body. Osseous tissue forms the rigid part of the bones that make up the skeletal system.
Isotonic & isometric contraction
1) Muscle contraction requires energy supplied by ATP, which is generated through several metabolic pathways in the muscle cell, including phosphocreatine, glycogen breakdown, and oxidative metabolism.
2) As muscle contracts, it produces heat from various sources like activation, shortening, maintenance, relaxation, and recovery.
3) The different metabolic pathways sustain muscle contraction for varying durations, with phosphocreatine and glycolysis sustaining maximal contraction for only a few seconds to a minute, while oxidative metabolism provides energy for sustained, long-term contraction.
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Isometric, Isotonic contraction and motor unit.pptx
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Structure and histology of different types of muscles
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section 5, chapter 9: types of muscle contractions
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2. A muscle fiber will contract fully in response to any stimulus above a threshold level, but a stronger stimulus does not produce a stronger contraction. Additional force is generated by recruiting more motor units.
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This document discusses the characteristics and functions of skeletal muscle. It covers common muscle features like nervous control, contractibility, and elasticity. It also describes the different types of muscular contractions including isometric, isotonic, eccentric, and isokinetic. Additionally, it explains how musculoskeletal movements are possible through muscle origin and insertion points and the roles of agonist, antagonist, fixator, and synergist muscles. Finally, it discusses muscle fiber arrangement, types, gender differences, and how the muscle system responds to physical activity.
Types of muscle contraction
There are two types of muscle contractions: isotonic and isometric. Isotonic contractions maintain tension as the muscle length changes, including concentric contractions which shorten muscles to overcome resistance, and eccentric contractions which elongate muscles while still generating force. Isometric contractions generate force without changing muscle length, and are used to maintain posture and grip.
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This document discusses the laboratory diagnosis of muscle diseases. It begins by describing the three main types of muscle tissue - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. It then covers diseases that can affect each muscle type. For skeletal muscle diseases, it lists various acquired and genetic myopathies. The document outlines many laboratory investigations that can aid in diagnosis, including blood tests, enzyme assays, protein analysis, and antibody testing. Muscle biopsy and special tests are also discussed as important diagnostic tools for evaluating muscle diseases.
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section 5, chapter 9: types of muscle contractions
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By Thiru murugan. M
The Muscular system:
Types and structure of muscles
Muscle groups: muscles of the head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, upper limb and lower limbs
Principal muscles: deltoid, biceps, triceps, respiratory, abdominal, pelvic floor, pelvic floor muscles, gluteal muscles and vastus lateralis
Major muscles involved in nursing procedures
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Muscle is a soft tissue and it is one of the 4 basic tissues, along with nervous tissue, epithelium, and connective tissue.
Muscles helps in movement, support and protection of internal organs.
Muscles can perform variety of functions
Muscles tissue is made up of cells called “MYOCYTES” or muscle fibers.
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Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle:
These are having close relationship to the bone or skeleton, so called Skeletal muscles
It present in limbs and related body parts & It form about 40% of body weight.
Under microscope the skeletal muscles fibers shows prominent striations, so called “Striated Muscles” & It is also known as “Voluntary Muscles” (movements are under our control)
Structure of Skeletal muscle:
Muscle fibers shows transverse striations under light microscope so it is called “striated muscles”
The nucleus is located peripherally.
Each skeletal muscle is an organ that consists of numerous cells called muscle fibers.
Each muscle fibers surrounded by “ Endomysium”
Inside each skeletal muscle, muscle fibers are organized into bundles, called fascicles, each fascicle surrounded by perimysium.
The whole muscle is covered by “epimysium”
Each skeletal muscle has three layers: endomysium, perimysium and epimysium
Muscle fibers:
Muscle is composed of many long cylindrical-shaped elongated fibres called muscle fibers
Length varies according to the size and shape of the muscles.
The actual arrangement of the fibres depending on the function of the muscle.
Each muscle fibers covered by a membrane is called the sarcolemma.
The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber is called Sarcoplasm
In sarcoplasm there are many mitochondria and bundles of fine longitudinal thread like part is called “myofibrils”
Microscopic structure of myofibrils:
A myofibril (also known as a muscle fibril or sarcostyle) is a basic rod-like part of a muscle cell.
Muscles are composed of tubular cells called myocytes, known as muscle fibres in striated muscle, and these cells in turn contain many chains of myofibrils.
They are created during embryonic development in a process known as myogenesis.
Under light microscope each myofibril consist of 2 bands:
Light band or “I” Band & Dark band or “A” Band
The alternating pattern of these bands results in the striated appearance of skeletal muscle.
Light band or “I” Band:
The I-bands (isotropic in polarize
The completemuscular system
The document summarizes the three types of muscles in the body - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is voluntary and found in the limbs, cardiac muscle is involuntary and only located in the heart, and smooth muscle is involuntary and found in organs like the intestines. Each muscle type has distinct characteristics like fiber structure, nuclei number, and striation pattern. The document also discusses muscle contraction, types of responses, energy sources, and examples of major skeletal muscles and their functions.
240333162-The-Muscular-System-by-Group-5.ppt
The muscular system consists of three types of muscles - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle is voluntary and attached to bones, controlling movement. Smooth muscle is involuntary and found within organs, controlling functions like digestion. Cardiac muscle is involuntary and only located in the heart, controlling pumping. Muscles contract through interactions between the proteins actin and myosin, powered by ATP from cellular respiration. They enable functions like movement, posture, and heat generation. The major skeletal muscles include the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, and gluteus maximus.
Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ).pptx
The document discusses the neuromuscular junction and muscle contraction physiology. It defines the neuromuscular junction as the connection between motor neurons and muscle fibers that initiates muscle contraction. The structure and function of the neuromuscular junction is described, including the roles of acetylcholine, receptors, and acetylcholinesterase. The sliding filament model of muscle contraction is introduced. Different muscle fiber types, properties of muscle tissue, and the sarcomere as the contractile unit are defined.
types of muscles.pptx
This document summarizes the three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is striated, voluntary, and found in locations like the tongue and diaphragm. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and has intercalated discs. Smooth muscle is spindle-shaped, involuntary, and regenerates after injury in locations such as blood vessels. Each type of muscle tissue has distinct characteristics including nuclear shape, presence of striations, junction type, and regeneration ability.
REFERENCE 11-MUSCULAR SYSTEM.pptx
- More than 50% of the human body is composed of muscle. There are three main types of muscle: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.
- Skeletal muscle is voluntary, striated muscle found attached to bones that facilitates movement. It has long, multi-nucleated cylindrical fibers.
- Cardiac muscle is involuntary, striated muscle found only in the heart. It has branched fibers connected by intercalated discs that contract in unison.
- Smooth muscle is involuntary, non-striated muscle that lines internal organs. It has spindle-shaped, single-nucleated fibers that facilitate movements like peristalsis.
Skeletal and Muscular System
The document provides an overview of the skeletal and muscular systems. It discusses that the skeletal system includes bones, cartilage, joints, ligaments and tendons. It notes there are 206 bones in the adult human body and more in infants. The document outlines the two parts of the skeletal system, named the axial and appendicular skeletons, and describes the three types of joints. It also summarizes the components and functions of the muscular system, including the three types of muscle tissue.
Mascular system
This document provides an overview of the musculoskeletal system. It begins by listing the objectives of describing the types and functions of muscles, skeletal muscle tissue, muscle arrangements, muscle structure and function, muscle naming conventions, microscopic muscle anatomy, muscle contraction types, muscle stimulation, muscle fiber anatomy, and the roles of actin, myosin, and ATP in muscle contraction. It then proceeds to define the three main types of muscles - cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscles - and their characteristics. The document outlines the microscopic structure of skeletal muscle fibers and their organelles. It explains the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction and the roles of actin, myosin, and ATP hydrolysis in the cross-bridge cycling process. Various muscle arrangements
1 GNM anatomy Unit _ 14 Muscular System.pptx
By: M. Thiru murugan
Unit XIV
Type, structure and functions of muscle
Origin, Insertion, and action of muscles
Muscle:
Muscle is a soft tissue and it is one of the 4 basic tissues, along with nervous tissue, epithelium, and connective tissue.
Muscles helps in movement, support and protection of internal organs.
Muscle cells or myocytes contain protein filaments called myofilaments actin & myosin that producing a contraction that changes both the length and the shape of the cell.
Types of Muscles:
There are 3 types of muscles: skeletal, cardiac & smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle or “voluntary muscle” or striated Muscles is attached to bone, helps in movement & in maintaining posture.
Smooth muscle or “involuntary muscle” or non striated muscles is found within the walls of organs and structures
Cardiac muscle is also an "involuntary muscle" found only in the heart.
Structure of Skeletal muscle:
Skeletal muscle consist plasma membrane is called sarcolemma, the cytoplasm is called sarcoplasm & specialized sarcoplasmic reticulum that play important role in regulation of Calcium.
Cells contain many nucleus peripherally
It consist of number of elongated cells called muscle fibers or muscle cell , that consist of myofibrils (elongated protein molecules).
These Muscle fibers are arranged in bundle called fasciculi
Each muscle fibers covered by endomysium, each fasciculi covered by perimysium & the whole muscle is covered by epimysium.
Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) or myoneural junction is a chemical synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber.
It allows the motor neuron to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction.
Properties of skeletal muscle:
Excitability: this refers to muscle tissue being able to react to nervous stimulation.
Extensibility: this refers to the ability of muscle tissue to lengthen when contracting
Elasticity: this refers to the ability of muscle tissue to return to its normal resting length once it has been stretched.
Contractility: this refers to the capacity of a muscle to contract or shorten forcibly when stimulated by nerves and hormones
Muscle contraction:
Muscle use the movement of actin against myosin to create contraction.
In skeletal muscle, contraction is stimulated by electrical impulses transmitted by the nerves
Cardiac and smooth muscle contractions are stimulated by internal pacemaker cells which regularly contract, and propagate contractions to other muscle cells they are in contact with.
All skeletal muscle and many smooth muscle contractions are facilitated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
Types of muscle contraction:
Isotonic contractions maintain constant force or tone in the muscle as the muscle length changes
Isometric contractions changes in force without changing the length of the muscle
Muscle tone is defined as the tension in a muscle at rest.
Function of skeletal muscles
Body movement (Locomotion)
Maintenance of posture
Respiration
Constriction of organs and vess
3.pdf
This document provides an overview of muscle anatomy and physiology. It discusses the three types of muscle tissues - skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle - and their microscopic structures. Skeletal muscle is composed of fascicles containing striated muscle fibers. Each fiber contains myofibrils made up of actin and myosin filaments that create the muscle's banding pattern. Muscle contraction is driven by the sliding filament mechanism within the sarcomere functional unit. The document also covers muscle naming conventions, blood supply, innervation and the types of contractions muscles can perform.
Skeletal system 6
The musculoskeletal system includes bones, muscles, and joints. It is composed of 206 bones that support the body, protect organs, and allow for movement through connection to muscles. There are over 600 muscles made of muscle cells that contract and relax, attaching to bones via tendons to enable body part movement. Joints include fixed, semi-movable, and movable types that connect bones and facilitate different ranges of motion.
Skeletalsystem6
The musculoskeletal system includes bones, muscles, and joints. It is composed of 206 bones that support the body, protect organs, and allow for movement through connection to muscles. There are over 600 muscles made of muscle cells that contract and relax, attaching to bones via tendons to enable body part movement. Joints include fixed, semi-movable, and movable types that connect bones and facilitate different ranges of motion.
3 - Muscle.pptx
This document discusses the anatomy and types of muscles. It notes that there are three main types of muscles in vertebrates - skeletal or voluntary muscles, smooth or involuntary muscles, and cardiac muscles. Skeletal muscles are striated and cover the skeleton, smooth muscles are unstriated and found in organs like the gut, and cardiac muscles are found in the heart. Skeletal muscles are further classified based on fiber direction, force of action, color, and nerve supply. The document provides details on muscle structure, function, and blood supply.
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2. Unit - 7-Muscles Anatomy, Thiru Murugan, Msc Professor
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Types of muscle
- 1. Types Of Muscle By Pankaj Kukreti
- 2. Muscle :- A Bundle Of Fibrous tissue In a human body . Who’s have ability of contraction, excitation etc & Help in maintaining position , Movement etc
- 3. 1. Striated Muscle :-
- 4. 1. Striated Muscle :- Position :- Limbs, Tongue, Parynx Size & shape :- Long Cylindrical with Blunt End Nucleus :- Uninucleate Blood Supply :- Highly Vascular Branching :- Unbranched Contraction :- Contract rapidly & Soon get Fatique
- 5. 11. Smooth Muscle :- Position :- Wall of visceral organ Arrangement :- As Sheet in visceral organ Size & Surface :- Plasma Membrane Nucleus :- Uninucleate, Nucleus Central Myofibril :- No Bands
- 6. 11. Smooth Muscle :- Myofibril :- No Bands Blood Supply :- Less vascular Mitochondria :- Lesser In Number Branching :- No Branching Contraction :- Contract Slowly For long Period
- 7. 111. Cardiac Muscle :-
- 8. 111. Cardiac Muscle :- Position :- Myocardium of Heart Size & Shape :- Cylindrical With flat end Nucleus :- Uninucleate Blood Supply :- Highly Vascular Branching :- Branched Contraction :- Never Get fatique