This document discusses useful SPSS tools for analyzing survey data, including entering different types of survey questions as variables, computing new variables, recoding variables, selecting cases, and analyzing groups separately. It demonstrates how to enter single-response, multiple-response, ranked-response, and scaled-response survey questions as variables in SPSS. It also shows how to use the "Split File" function to generate separate frequency outputs for groups to analyze the relationship between variables split by a grouping variable like gender.

1. Part 3:
Dr. Christine Pereira
Survey data; Useful SPSS tools

2. » Entering data from a survey
» Compute a total score and mean score
» Recode variables
» Select cases to analyse
Dr. Christine Pereira
» Analyse separate groups of data
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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3. Dr. Christine Pereira
What are the variables?
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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4. Select ‘ONE’ Response Questions
What is your main mode of transport
to Uni during the week?
What is your age?
(please tick one)
18-25
26-35
36-45
46-55
56+
(please tick one)
Car
Bus
Tube
Rail
Walk
Cycle
Other: ____________
Dr. Christine Pereira
Yes
No
Do you try to minimise your carbon footprint? (please tick one)
What is your gender? (please circle one)
ASK at Brunel (2013)
Male
Female
Single response survey questions.
Each question is a new variable.
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5. Select ONE response
Gender
Age Group
Mode
CO2
1
Male
36-45
Car
No
2
Male
26-35
Tube
Yes
3
Female
46-55
Car
No
4
Dr. Christine Pereira
Participant
Male
18-25
Tube
Yes
5
Female
26-35
Rail
Yes
ASK at Brunel (2013)
Single response survey questions.
Each question is a new variable.
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6. Multiple Response Questions
Which mode(s) of transport do you usually
take to get to Uni during the week?
Dr. Christine Pereira
(please tick all that apply)
Car
Bus
Tube
Rail
Walk
Cycle
Other: ____________
ASK at Brunel (2013)
‘tick all…’
instead of ‘tick one’
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7. Multiple response
Transport
1
Car
2
Bus, Tube
3
Car
4
Dr. Christine Pereira
Participant
Tube, Rail, Walk
5
Bus, Rail
ASK at Brunel (2013)
Can we enter
responses
like this?
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8. Multiple response
Transport
1
Car
2
Bus, Tube
3
Car
4
Dr. Christine Pereira
Participant
Tube, Rail, Walk
5
Bus, Rail
ASK at Brunel (2013)
Can we enter
responses
like this?
Why not?
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9. Multiple response
Transport
1
Car
2
Bus, Tube
3
Car
4
Dr. Christine Pereira
Participant
Tube, Rail, Walk
5
Bus, Rail
ASK at Brunel (2013)
Can we enter
responses
like this?
Why not?
Only ONE response per cell
for statistical analysis
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10. Multiple response
Car
Bus
Tube
Rail
Walk
Cycle
1
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
2
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
3
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
4
Dr. Christine Pereira
Participant
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
5
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
ASK at Brunel (2013)
Multiple response survey question
Each response is a new variable
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11. Multiple response
Car
Bus
Tube
Rail
Walk
Cycle
1
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
2
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
3
Yes
4
Dr. Christine Pereira
Participant
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
5
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
ASK at Brunel (2013)
Yes = They travel by car
No
No
No
No
No = They do not travel by car
Multiple response survey question
Each response is a new variable
No
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12. Multiple response
Car
Bus
Tube
Rail
Walk
Cycle
1
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
2
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
3
Yes
No
4
Dr. Christine Pereira
Participant
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
5
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
ASK at Brunel (2013)
Yes = They travel by bus
No
No
No
No
No = They do not travel by bus
Multiple response survey question
Each response is a new variable
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13. Ranked Response Questions
» Obtain preferential judgements or opinions.
Rank the following subjects from 1-5
based on how much you like them.
(1 = Favourite, 5 = Least favourite)
Rank in order of importance, from 1-5,
the following features when considering
a destination for your holiday.
Dr. Christine Pereira
(1 = Most important)
History
Science
Math
Writing
IT
I’ve never been before
Weather
Surroundings
Cost
Accommodation
These also are
multiple response questions
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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14. Ranked multiple response
Never been
Weather
Surroundings
Cost
Accommodation
1
Most Impt
4
2
3
5
2
5
2
3
Most Impt
4
3
5
Most Impt
2
4
3
4
Dr. Christine Pereira
Participant
3
4
5
Most Impt
2
5
4
2
Most Impt
5
3
Multiple response survey question
Each response is a new variable
ASK at Brunel (2013)
14

15. Scaled Response Questions
» Obtain preferential judgements or opinions
Likert scale: Level of agreement
Other scales: Level of importance or satisfaction
Dr. Christine Pereira
How important are the following
when considering where to live?
(circle one)
Very
Important
Important
I don’t know
Unimportant
Very
Unimportant
Cost
1
2
3
4
5
Distance to Uni
1
2
3
4
5
Distance to work
1
2
3
4
5
I feel safe
1
2
3
4
5
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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16. Scaled multiple response
Cost
Dist Uni
Dist Work
Safety
1
Very Impt
Important
I don’t know
Important
2
Important
Very Impt
Very Impt
Important
3
Unimportant
Very Impt
Important
Very Impt
4
Dr. Christine Pereira
Participant
Unimportant
I don’t know
Important
Important
5
Very Impt
Important
Important
Very Impt
Single response survey questions.
Each question is a new variable.
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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17. Dr. Christine Pereira
Using the ‘Compute variable’ tool
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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18. Dr. Christine Pereira
Reverse coding or regroup responses
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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19. Dr. Christine Pereira
Select specific cases of the data to analyse
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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20. Dr. Christine Pereira
Analyse groups separately
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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21. Dr. Christine Pereira
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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22. Dr. Christine Pereira
Two methods:
1. ‘Explore’ option
2. Split file, then ‘Frequencies’
option
We will use the
2nd method.
ASK at Brunel (2013)
22

23. Use descriptives to summarise the relationship between
Annual Income split by Gender
1
Dr. Christine Pereira
2
What is your gross annual income?
Gender
(please tick one)
ASK at Brunel (2013)
Male
Female
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24. Dr. Christine Pereira
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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25. Output for males
and females will be
in one table
Dr. Christine Pereira
Separate output
tables for males
and females
Categorical
Variable
File must be
sorted!
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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26. Dr. Christine Pereira
The file is sorted
All females are listed first,
then all males
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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27. Dr. Christine Pereira
Now get stats for Annual Income
• Use ‘Frequencies’
• Output will be split by Gender
ASK at Brunel (2013)
27

28. Dr. Christine Pereira
Use descriptives to summarise the relationship between
Annual Income split by Gender
ASK at Brunel (2013)
28

29. Use descriptives to summarise the relationship between
Annual Income split by Gender
Split File Option to
Compare Groups
Dr. Christine Pereira
Output for males and
females is in one table
ASK at Brunel (2013)
29

30. Dr. Christine Pereira
Separate output
tables for males
and females
ASK at Brunel (2013)
30

31. Dr. Christine Pereira
Use descriptives to summarise the relationship between
Annual Income split by Gender
Split File Option to Organise Output by Groups
Separate output table for males and females
ASK at Brunel (2013)
31

32. Dr. Christine Pereira
When finished, return
the file to normal.
ASK at Brunel (2013)
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33. Dr. Christine Pereira
ASK at Brunel (2013)
33