The document discusses the five human senses - touch, smell, taste, hearing, and sight. It describes the sensory organs associated with each sense, how stimuli are detected by sensory receptors, and how nerve signals are transmitted to the brain. For each sense, it provides details on the sensory pathways, common stimuli, and examples of sensory responses. The roles of light and sound in vision and hearing are also examined. In under 3 sentences, the document provides an overview of the human sensory systems and how they detect external stimuli and transmit nerve signals to the brain.
This is about the general physiology of sense organs for medical and paramedical professional beginners who choose pharmacy, nursing and physiotherapy to study.
The ear is the organ of hearing and, in mammals, balance. In mammals, the ear is usually described as having three parts—the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. The outer ear consists of the pinna and the ear canal.
Science. Elementary education. This presentation includes videos and interactive activities. Download this presentation in order to fully take advantage of its characteristics.
Topic: The five senses.
This is about the general physiology of sense organs for medical and paramedical professional beginners who choose pharmacy, nursing and physiotherapy to study.
The ear is the organ of hearing and, in mammals, balance. In mammals, the ear is usually described as having three parts—the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. The outer ear consists of the pinna and the ear canal.
Science. Elementary education. This presentation includes videos and interactive activities. Download this presentation in order to fully take advantage of its characteristics.
Topic: The five senses.
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stockrebeccabio
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stock
Telegram: bmksupplier
signal: +85264872720
threema: TUD4A6YC
You can contact me on Telegram or Threema
Communicate promptly and reply
Free of customs clearance, Double Clearance 100% pass delivery to USA, Canada, Spain, Germany, Netherland, Poland, Italy, Sweden, UK, Czech Republic, Australia, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan.Door to door service
Hot Selling Organic intermediates
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
1. The World through Our Senses 1.1 Sensory Organs 1.2 Sense of Touch 1.3 Sense of Smell 1.4 Sense of Taste 1.5 Sense of Hearing 1.6 Sense of Sight 1.7 Light and Sight 1.8 Sound and Hearing 1.9 Stimuli and Responses in Plant Teacher Nurul
2. 1.1 Sensory Organs Sensory Organs and Their Stimuli How do we know what is going on around us? Humans have five senses. help us to detect objects and the changes in the surroundings. Our five senses are the sense of sight, smell taste hearing sight touch
3. 1.1 Sensory Organs Sensory Organs and Their Stimuli Sensory organs Stimuli Found in parts of the body Changes/ objects that can be detected by our senses Let’s go to the garden!
4. 1.1 Sensory Organs Name the sense and the sensory organ in each of the photographs.
5. 1.1 Sensory Organs Stimuli Sense ( deria ) Sensory organ Touch, heat, cold, pain & pressure Cold Skin Smell or odours Chemical Nose Sweet, sour, bitter & salt Chemical Tongue Sound Sound Ear Light (brightness or colour) Light Eye
6.
7. 1.1 Sensory Organs Stimulus Receptors in Sense organ Nerves Brain Nerves Response Pain response Skin nerve Brain nerve Effectors (Muscles, glands)
12. 1.2 Sense of Touch The organ that detect touch sense is skin. Skin give respond to stimuli like touch, pain, heat, cold and pressure. Our skin is 2mm thick and consists of 2 layers which epidermis and dermis. The sensitivity of the skin depends on the number of sensory receptors and the thickness of the epidermis.
16. 1.2 Sense of Touch Stimulus Receptors in Sense organ Nerves Brain Nerves Response How do the boy do after holding the hot pan? Describe the pathway from stimulus to respond.
18. 1.3 Sense of Smell Nose is the sensory organ of smell . Sensory cells are found in the upper roof of the nose cavity. Smell from chemical substances dissolves in the mucus of the nose. Mucus in the nose stimulates the sensory cells of smell and sends impulses to the brain through nerve cells.
19. 1.3 Sense of Smell Air Sensory cells Nasal cavity Nostril
20. 1.3 Sense of Smell How do our nose detect smell???... Smells are carried by certain chemicals in the air. When we breathe, these chemicals go through our nose. It will then dissolve in mucuos – the moisture layer that covers the smell receptors on the upper part of the nose. The dissolved chemicals stimulate the smell receptors . The stimulated smell receptors then send messages to the brain. The brain identifies the smells. touch smell taste hearing sight
21. 1.3 Sense of Smell Chemical substance Smell reseptors dissolve in mucus Nerves Brain (interpret the massage) Nerves Smell is identified
23. 1.4 Sense of Taste The tongue is the sensory organ of taste . Our tongue able to detect and differentiate different taste such as sweet, salty, sour and bitter.
24. 1.4 Sense of Taste When we eat or drink, foods or drinks dissolved in saliva are detected by the taste receptors in our tongue. On the surface of tongue has groups of sensory cells called taste buds for detecting different tastes. Different areas of the tongue are more sensitive to specific tastes.
25. 1.4 Sense of Taste bitter sour sour salty salty sweet
26. 1.4 Sense of Taste Chemical substance (food) Taste reseptors dissolve in saliva Nerves Brain (interpret the massage) Nerves Taste is identified
27. 1.4 Sense of Taste All our senses work together, but the sense of smell and taste are special partners. When we eat, our nose smells the food and our tongue gives us the taste of the food. Together, they help us to sense most, if not all, of the flavors contained in the food we eat. Will the food taste as good as it normally does when our nose is blocked?
28. 1.4 Sense of Taste It difficult to taste the food you eat when you get a flu.
30. 1.5 Sense of Hearing Ear is the sensory organ of hearing. Our ear has 3 main parts: a. the outer ear , filled with air b. the middle ear , filled with air c. the inner ear , filled with liquid
31. 1.5 Sense of Hearing Outer ear Middle ear Inner ear
32. 1.5 Sense of Hearing pinna ear cannal eardrum ossicles coclea Eustachian tube auditory nerve semicircular canals oval window
33. 1.5 Sense of Hearing Part of ear Structure Functions Pinna Made of cartilage and skins. Shape like a funnel Collects and directs sounds into the ear canal Ear canal A long tube, lined with hairs Directs sounds to the eardrum Eardrum A thin membrane Vibrates when sound waves hit it Ossicles Three small bones Amplify vibrations and transfer them to the oval window Oval window A small, thin membrane Transfers vibrations of the ossicles to the cochlea Cochlea A coiled tube, filled with fluid. Contains receptors Detects vibrations and converts then into nerve impluses Eustachian tube A tube that connects the middle ear to the throat Equalises air pressure on both sides of the eardrum, preventing it from damage Auditory nerve Nerve fibers that connect to the brain Cariies nerve impulses to the brain Semicircular canals Three semicircular canals situated at right angles to each other Detect position and movement of head to help us keep our balance
35. 1.5 Sense of Hearing Pinna get sound Auditory canal Eardrum vibrate Ossicles vibrate Oval window Liquid in cochlea vibrate Sound waves Auditory nerve
36. 1.8 Sound & Hearing Sound produced by vibrations of an objects . When sound is produced kinetic energy is changed to the sound energy. Sound can travel through solids , liquids and gases . Sound cannot travel through vacuum . Sound travels faster trough solids than liquids or gases because the particles in a solid are very close together.
37. 1.8 Sound & Hearing Sound can be absorbed by a soft surface such as soft board on the walls of a cinema hall. Soft and rough surfaces are good absorbers of sound. Sound can be reflected when sound hits hard and smooth surfaces like walls. A reflected sound is called an echo. A large tunnel and a cave are examples that can give out echoes.
38. 1.8 Sound & Hearing Defects of hearing and ways to correct them Hearing loss can be occur from wax blockage, a punctured eardrum, birth defects or ear infections. The damage is often temporary and can be treated medically or surgically.
39. 1.8 Sound & Hearing Defects of hearing and ways to correct them Other hearing loss can be caused by the processes of aging, bacterial infections, a severe blow to the side of the head, extended exposure to loud sound or a tumour in the inner ear. This damages cannot be treated medically but can be corrected using hearing aids.
40. 1.8 Sound & Hearing Limitations of hearing Our ears can only hear sounds which have a frequency of about 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz. Different people have different ranges of hearing. Some devices that are used to overcome the limitations of hearing such as earphones and stethoscopes.
41. 1.8 Sound & Hearing Stereophonic hearing Stereophonic hearing is hearing with both our ears. Stereophonic hearing helps us to determine the direction from which a sound comes.
43. 1.6 Sense of Sight The eye is the sensory organ of sight and it is sensitive to light . Human beings have a pair of eyes situated in the socket of the skull. Each eye is surrounded by fatty tissues.
47. 1.6 Sense of Sight Light enter the eye through the cornea and aqueous humour to the pupil and to the lens of the eye. The convex lens focusses the light rays onto the vitreous humous and the retina to produce a clear image. cornea aqueous humour pupil lens vitreous humous retina optic nerve
48. The Formation of Images How do we see????????? 1. Light rays travel from the object to eye 2. The light rays pass through the eye, they are refracted by some cornea, aqueous humour, lens and vitreous humour 3. An upside down image (flag) is formed on the retina 4. The photoreceptors on the retina send nerve impulses along the optic nerve to the brain 5. The brain interprets the impulses and allows us to see the object
49. 1.7 Light & Sight Light plays an important part in our life because without light we cannot see. The properties of light are: (a) its travels in straight lines. (b) its can be reflected. (pantul) (c) its can be refracted. (bias)
50. Properties of Light Light travels in a straight line Light can be reflected Light can be refracted Light can be dispersed
51. 1.7 Light & Sight Light travels in straight lines . This causes the formation of shadows and eclipses of the sun and the moon.
52. 1.7 Light & Sight Light can be reflected . The image in a plane mirror is due to the mirror reflecting light from the object to the observer. This is because the light bounces off the surface of an object. A smooth and shiny opaque surface reflects more light than a rough surface.
53. 1.7 Light & Sight The image in a plane mirror the angle of reflection = the angle of incidence
55. 1.7 Light & Sight When light travels from one medium to another, its speed changes. This causes the light to bend or change its direction means the light is refracted .
56. 1.7 Light & Sight When light ray travels from a less dense medium (air) to a more dense medium (glass) the refracted ray bends towards the normal . mirror air ray normal
57. 1.7 Light & Sight When light ray travels from a more dense medium (glass) to a less dense medium (air) the refracted ray bends away from the normal . mirror air ray normal
58. 1.7 Light & Sight When light ray travels medium perpendicularly the light ray passes straight through the medium without being bent or refracted. mirror air ray normal air
59. 1.7 Light & Sight A stick which partly immersed in water to appear bent at the surface of the water.
60.
61. What do you see? Do you know what MYOPIA is?! 1.7 Light & Sight
62. 1.7 Light & Sight Shortsightedness (myopia) Able to see near objects clearly but cannot see distant object. To correct this defect, the person has to wear concave lenses .
65. 1.7 Light & Sight A distance object cannot be seen clearly because the image is focused in front of the retina. This is because the eye lens is too thick or the eyeball is too long. It is corrected by using a concave lens to diverge the rays of light on the retina.
66. NORMAL VISSION LONG SIGHTEDNESS Do you see the difference? Is this what we call HYPEROPIA?! 1.7 Light & Sight
67. 1.7 Light & Sight Longsightedness (Hypermetropia) A longsightedness person can see distant objects clearly but cannot see near object. To correct this defect, the person has to wear convex lenses .
68. 1.7 Light & Sight A near object cannot be seen clearly because the image is focused behind of the retina. This is because the eye lens is too thin or the eyeball is too short. It is corrected by using a convex lens to converge the rays of light on the retina.
69. 1.7 Light & Sight Astigmatism Astigmatism is a common vision defect caused by the irregular surface of the cornea. Things look blur to a person with astigmatism. This defect of vision can be corrected using cylindrical lenses.
70. 1.7 Light & Sight Now test your eyes for astigmatism by looking at the figure below. If one or more lines in the chart appears clearer and black but the others appear blurred, then you have astigmatism. astigmatism image normal image
71. 1.7 Light & Sight Can you see the craters on the moon ? Can you see microorganism in the air?
72. 1.7 Light & Sight Limitation of Sight Our sense or sight has its limitations. We cannot see objects that are very tiny, such as bacteria, viruses and atoms with our naked eye. We also cannot see the stars and planets that are very far from Earth. Examples of limitations of sight are: (a) optical illusions (b) blind-spot
73. 1.7 Light & Sight Optical illusions The image formed in the eye is accurate but the brains plays a trick and makes the image misleading.
75. 1.7 Light & Sight Blind-spot (scotoma) The blind spot is the point on the retina where the optical nerve leaves the eye. Close your left eye and stare at the cross mark in the diagram with your right eye. Now slowly move toward the diagram. Keep looking at the cross mark while you move. At a particular distance, the spot will disappear (it will reappear again if you move even closer). The spot disappears because it falls on the optic nerve head, the hole in the photoreceptor sheet.
78. 1.7 Light & Sight Devices to Overcome the Limitations of Sight Optical instruments Used to study small objects and specimens mounted on slides Used to study stars in the sky Used to observe distant objects Used by submarine to look out above the surface of the sea Used to scan and see the fetus of a pregnant mother