The document provides a detailed overview of the human ear, highlighting its anatomy and functions, which include sound transmission and balance maintenance. It divides the ear into three parts: the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear, summarizing the roles of each component, such as the pinna, tympanic membrane, and semicircular canals. Additionally, it describes the Eustachian tube's function in pressure regulation and the importance of the vestibular complex in maintaining equilibrium.

1. Human Ear
PREPARED BY ATHEENA PANDIAN

2. Discussion
HIGHLIGHTS
Ear
Anatomy
Parts
Function
1.
2.
3.
4.

3. EAR

4. The ear - a magnificent organ.
The ear is an advanced and very
sensitive organ of
the human body. The ear's
function is to transmit and
transduce sound to the brain
LEWISHOWES
WHY EAR?

5. Ear Divisions
the ear is usually described as having three parts—the outer
ear, the middle ear and the inner ear.

7. THE OUTER EAR
The outer ear, external ear, or auris externa
is the external portion of the ear, which
consists of the auricle (also pinna) and
the ear canal. It gathers sound energy and
focuses it on the eardrum (tympanic
membrane).

8. THE MIDDLE EAR
The middle ear is the part of the ear between
the eardrum and the oval window. The middle
ear transmits sound from the outer ear to the
inner ear

9. THE INNER EAR
The inner ear is the innermost part of the ear,
which consist of the cochlea, the balance
mechanism, the vestibular and the auditory
nerve. ..

10. PARTS OF THE
HUMAN EAR

12. The pinna is the only visible part of the
ear (the auricle) with its special
helical shape. It is the first part of the
ear that reacts with sound. The
function of the pinna is to act as a
kind of funnel which assists in
directing the sound further into the
ear.

14. The ear canal (external
acoustic meatus,
external auditory meatus, EAM)
is a pathway running from the
outer ear to the middle ear. The
adult human ear canal extends
from the pinna to the eardrum
and is about 2. 5 centimetres (1
in) in length and 0. 7
centimetres (0. 3 in) in diameter

16. Tympanic membrane, also
called eardrum, thin layer of
tissue in the human ear that
receives sound vibrations from
the outer air and transmits
them to the auditory ossicles,
which are tiny bones in
the tympanic (middle-ear)
cavity.

18. The ossicles (also called auditory ossicles)
are three bones in either middle ear that
are among the smallest bones in the
human body. They serve to transmit
sounds from the air to the fluid-filled
labyrinth (cochlea).

20. The malleus (hammer), incus (anvil),
and stapes (stirrup), so named because of
the resemblance of the bones to these
objects. The malleus is attached to and
partly embedded in the fibrous layer of the
inner surface of the tympanic membrane.

21. When sound reaches the tympanic
membrane (eardrum),
the malleus transmits these sound
vibrations from the eardrum to the incus,
and then to the stapes, which is connected
to the oval window. Because the malleus is
directly connected to the eardrum, it is
unlikely that it will be the cause of hearing
loss.

24. Semicircular canals are three tiny, fluid-filled
tubes in your inner ear that help you keep
your balance. When your head moves
around, the liquid inside the semicircular
canals sloshes around and moves the tiny
hairs that line each canal.

27. The eustachian tube is a canal that connects
the middle ear to the nasopharynx, which
consists of the upper throat and the back of
the nasal cavity. It controls the pressure
within the middle ear, making it equal with
the air pressure outside the body.

28. The vestibular complex, in the inner ear, is
also important to balance because it
contains receptors that regulate a sense of
equilibrium. The inner ear is connected to
the vestibulocochlear nerve, which carries
sound and equilibrium information to the
brain

29. Thank You
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