This presentation includes introduction, physiology of GIT, factors affecting GRDDS, Advantages and disadvantages, approaches to GRDDS and their mechanism, some of the marketed products using GRDDS mechanism.
drug execipent compatibilty studies is of prime importance for the better formulation of the new drug and also for reducing cost by verfication of the data at the earlier atage.
this presentation will give the brief explanation of the goal, importance, dteps involve to studi the drug execient compatibility studies with different examples suitable accordiingly.
This presentation includes introduction, physiology of GIT, factors affecting GRDDS, Advantages and disadvantages, approaches to GRDDS and their mechanism, some of the marketed products using GRDDS mechanism.
drug execipent compatibilty studies is of prime importance for the better formulation of the new drug and also for reducing cost by verfication of the data at the earlier atage.
this presentation will give the brief explanation of the goal, importance, dteps involve to studi the drug execient compatibility studies with different examples suitable accordiingly.
Factors affecting sustained release drug delivery system.Kavya S
contented and precise , Drug delivery system , sustained release preparation.factors like absorption, distribution ,metabolism , therapeutic window , absorption window.
Introduction to Higuchi plots for tablet dissolution
Dissolution, Dissolution Models, Higuchi Plot
Presented by
Mohamed Omar Mahmoud
Department of Pharmaceutics
SOLID DISPERSION
Definition: The technology is the science of dispersing one or more active ingredients in an inert matrix in the solid stage.
Need of solid dispersion:
Increases Oral bioavailability of a drug
Increased dissolution rate.
Enhanced release of drugs from ointment.
Improved the solubility & stability.
The concept of solid dispersion was originally proposed by Sekiguchi & obi.
Increasing the dissolution, absorption & therapeutic efficacy of drugs in dosage forms.
Increasing solubility in water.
Improving the oral absorption and bioavailability of BCS Class II drugs.
POLYMERS IN SOLID STATE, PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS OF POLYMERS AND RECENT A...Priyanka Modugu
A description on polymers in solid state, solid state properties of polymers, mechanical properties of polymers, heat of crystallization & fusion, thermodynamics of fusion & crystallization, pharmaceutical applications of polymers and recent advances in the use of polymers for drug delivery system
A review on waiving in vivo bioequivalence tests or Biovaiwer, with a case review on the biowaiver monograph on Ibuprofen by H. POTTHAST, J.B. DRESSMAN, H.E. JUNGINGER, K.K. MIDHA, H. OESER, V.P. SHAH,
H. VOGELPOEL, D.M. BARENDS
in J Pharm Sci 94:2121–2131, 2005
Explaining different approaches to waive different BCS class medicines based on their solubility and permeability, as is described by FDA and WHO
DISSOLUTION
Dissolution is a process in which solid substance solubilizes in a given solvent
DISSOLUTION TESTING
A dissolution test uses an apparatus with specific test conditions in combination with acceptance criteria to evaluate the performance of the product. In-vitro test must predict the in-vivo behaviour
Factors in design of dissolution tests:
Factors relating to dissolution apparatus
Factors relation to dissolution fluid
Process parameters
Need of Dissolution Testing:
Development and optimisation of dosage forms
Batch to batch drug release uniformity
Quality, safety, efficacy and stability of the product
IVIV Correlation
Bioequivalence
Assessing pre and post approval changes
DISSOLUTION APPARATUS
Dissolution apparatus evolved to prepare a sample under controlled conditions thereby making the test repeatable.
Principle types of dissolution apparatus-
Close-compartment apparatus
Open-compartment apparatus
Dialysis systems
Ideal features of Dissolution Apparatus:
The fabrication, dimensions, and positioning of all components must be precisely specified and reproducible
Simple in design, easy to operate and useable
Sensitive
Nearly perfect sink conditions
Provide an easy means of introducing the dosage form into the dissolution medium
Provide minimum mechanical abrasion
Easy withdrawal of samples
Elimination of evaporation of solvent medium
DISSOLUTION METHODS
The Standard Dissolution Methods Database has been prepared by the Division of Bioequivalence, Office of Generic Drugs (OGD), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Official methods:
Rotating Basket
Rotating Paddle
Reciprocating Cylinder
Flow-Through Cell
Paddle Over Disc
Rotating Cylinder
Reciprocating Disc
Non-official methods:
Static Disc Method
Beaker Method
Flask Stirrer Method
Peristalsis Method
Rotating Bottle Method
Dialysis Method
Diffusion Cell Method
Dissolution Apparatus Types and their Applications
Problems associated with dissolution apparatus
USP Performance Verification Test (PVT):
The USP Performance Verification Test (PVT) assesses the suitable performance of apparatus used in dissolution testing.
Responsible for detecting problems associated with the dissolution apparatus that are found to be within mechanical tolerances.
REFERENCES
Factors affecting sustained release drug delivery system.Kavya S
contented and precise , Drug delivery system , sustained release preparation.factors like absorption, distribution ,metabolism , therapeutic window , absorption window.
Introduction to Higuchi plots for tablet dissolution
Dissolution, Dissolution Models, Higuchi Plot
Presented by
Mohamed Omar Mahmoud
Department of Pharmaceutics
SOLID DISPERSION
Definition: The technology is the science of dispersing one or more active ingredients in an inert matrix in the solid stage.
Need of solid dispersion:
Increases Oral bioavailability of a drug
Increased dissolution rate.
Enhanced release of drugs from ointment.
Improved the solubility & stability.
The concept of solid dispersion was originally proposed by Sekiguchi & obi.
Increasing the dissolution, absorption & therapeutic efficacy of drugs in dosage forms.
Increasing solubility in water.
Improving the oral absorption and bioavailability of BCS Class II drugs.
POLYMERS IN SOLID STATE, PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS OF POLYMERS AND RECENT A...Priyanka Modugu
A description on polymers in solid state, solid state properties of polymers, mechanical properties of polymers, heat of crystallization & fusion, thermodynamics of fusion & crystallization, pharmaceutical applications of polymers and recent advances in the use of polymers for drug delivery system
A review on waiving in vivo bioequivalence tests or Biovaiwer, with a case review on the biowaiver monograph on Ibuprofen by H. POTTHAST, J.B. DRESSMAN, H.E. JUNGINGER, K.K. MIDHA, H. OESER, V.P. SHAH,
H. VOGELPOEL, D.M. BARENDS
in J Pharm Sci 94:2121–2131, 2005
Explaining different approaches to waive different BCS class medicines based on their solubility and permeability, as is described by FDA and WHO
DISSOLUTION
Dissolution is a process in which solid substance solubilizes in a given solvent
DISSOLUTION TESTING
A dissolution test uses an apparatus with specific test conditions in combination with acceptance criteria to evaluate the performance of the product. In-vitro test must predict the in-vivo behaviour
Factors in design of dissolution tests:
Factors relating to dissolution apparatus
Factors relation to dissolution fluid
Process parameters
Need of Dissolution Testing:
Development and optimisation of dosage forms
Batch to batch drug release uniformity
Quality, safety, efficacy and stability of the product
IVIV Correlation
Bioequivalence
Assessing pre and post approval changes
DISSOLUTION APPARATUS
Dissolution apparatus evolved to prepare a sample under controlled conditions thereby making the test repeatable.
Principle types of dissolution apparatus-
Close-compartment apparatus
Open-compartment apparatus
Dialysis systems
Ideal features of Dissolution Apparatus:
The fabrication, dimensions, and positioning of all components must be precisely specified and reproducible
Simple in design, easy to operate and useable
Sensitive
Nearly perfect sink conditions
Provide an easy means of introducing the dosage form into the dissolution medium
Provide minimum mechanical abrasion
Easy withdrawal of samples
Elimination of evaporation of solvent medium
DISSOLUTION METHODS
The Standard Dissolution Methods Database has been prepared by the Division of Bioequivalence, Office of Generic Drugs (OGD), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Official methods:
Rotating Basket
Rotating Paddle
Reciprocating Cylinder
Flow-Through Cell
Paddle Over Disc
Rotating Cylinder
Reciprocating Disc
Non-official methods:
Static Disc Method
Beaker Method
Flask Stirrer Method
Peristalsis Method
Rotating Bottle Method
Dialysis Method
Diffusion Cell Method
Dissolution Apparatus Types and their Applications
Problems associated with dissolution apparatus
USP Performance Verification Test (PVT):
The USP Performance Verification Test (PVT) assesses the suitable performance of apparatus used in dissolution testing.
Responsible for detecting problems associated with the dissolution apparatus that are found to be within mechanical tolerances.
REFERENCES
Dissolution and In Vitro In Vivo Correlation (IVIVC)Jaspreet Guraya
This presentation gives a bird's eye view on Dissolution in context with IVIVC. It discusses various levels of Correlations currently in practice. IVIVC are explained in light of biowaivers It also touches upon IVIVR, IVIVM etc.
Three Breakthroughs and Two Failures That Have Shaped Buffer in the Past Six ...Buffer
COO, Leo Widrich, shared the 3 breakthroughs and 2 failures that have shaped Buffer in our past six years at the Next Web Conference in New York in November, 2016.
Bioavailability and bioequivalence studyMcpl Moshi
BCS is a scientific framework for classifying drug substances based on their aqueous solubility and intestinal permeability.
It is a drug development tool that allows estimation of solubility, dissolution and intestinal permeability affect that oral drug absorption.
Kashikar V S
PES Modern College of Pharmacy ( for ladies), Moshi Pune
Bioavailability and Bioequivalence studyMcpl Moshi
Bioavailability and Bioequivalence study, BCS is a scientific framework for classifying drug substances based on their aqueous solubility and intestinal permeability.
It is a drug development tool that allows estimation of solubility, dissolution and intestinal permeability affect that oral drug absorption.
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
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We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
1. By
Mr. Meghraj Suryawanshi
(First Year M-Pharmacy)
2016-2017
Department of Pharmaceutics
R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and
Research,
Shirpur-425405
DISSOLUTION MEDIA
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2. CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
SELETION OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
TYPES OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
COMPOSITION OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
FACTORS AFFECTING DISSOLUTION MEDIA
5/10/2016
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3. INTRODUCTION
Solubility is defined as the concentration of the solute in a
saturated solution at specified condition.
The drug solubility in solution is static property and drug
dissolution rate is dynamic property.
Solubility is one of the important parameters to achieve desired
concentration of drug in systemic circulation for achieving
pharmacological response.
Currently only 8% of new drug candidates have both high
solubility and permeability.
5/10/2016
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4. INTRODUCTION
Dissolution is the process by which a solid substance enters the
solvent phase to yield a solution i.e. mass transfer from solid surface
to liquid phase.
Importance of Dissolution:
Dissolution testing is mainly used to confirm product quality and
batch-to-batch consistency.
In vitro dissolution testing is important in the case of poorly
water/aqueous soluble drug, where absorption and therapeutic
effects of drug depends on dissolution of drug in the medium.
5/10/2016
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5. INTRODUCTION
It is useful in product development.
It is useful in selection of excipients.
It is used to study rate of dissolution of drug.
It is useful to interpreted solubility of poorly water soluble
drug
It is useful optimizing manufacturing process.
5/10/2016
5
6. SELECTION OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
The selection of an appropriate dissolution medium is a
fundamental stage of the dissolution test.
Selection of proper medium for dissolution testing depend upon
largely on physicochemical properties of drug.
The choice of the medium will depend on the purpose of the
dissolution test for batch to batch quality testing.
we have to maintain sink condition in in vitro. This is can be
achieved by-
1) Bathing the dissolving solid in fresh solvent from time to time.
2) Increasing the volume of dissolution fluid.
5/10/2016
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7. SELECTION OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
3)Removing the dissolved drug by partitioning it from the aqueous
phase of the dissolution fluid into an organic phase placed either
above or below the fluid, for example, hexane or chloroform.
4)Adding a water miscible solvent such as alcohol to the dissolution
medium.
5)By adding selected adsorbent to remove the dissolved drug.
For class I and class III drugs use of simple aqueous media such as
SGF without enzyme or SIF is recommended.
5/10/2016
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8. SELECTION OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
For class II and class III drug use of biorelevant media for
dissolution testing is recommended.
They are:-
Simulated Gastric Fluid+Surfactant.
Milk with 3.5 % fat to stimulate fed condition.
Fasted-State Simulated Intestinal Fluid is used for poorly soluble
drug.
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9. TYPES OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
Simulated Gastric Fluid (SGF)
Simulated Intestinal Fluid (SIG)
Water
Biorelevent Media
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10. TYPES OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
Simulated Gastric Fluid:-
The traditional medium to simulate gastric conditions in the fasted
state has been simulated gastric fluid (SGF) of the USP.
This medium contains hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride, as
well as pepsin and water, and has a pH of 1.2.
Although the medium addresses many of the qualities of gastric
juice, there are some aspects that could be optimized.
Simulated Intestinal Fluid:
The only parameter that has been changed is the pH of the medium.
5/10/2016
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11. TYPES OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
SIF is composed of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate and
Sodium hydroxide.
Water :-
Water is an attractive medium that because of its simplicity has
been widely used for quality control purposes.
However, the pH of water may vary with its source, and water
has no buffer capacity. Thus, for the latter purpose, a better
alternative, which would be more biorelevant in this context, is a
diluted HCl/NaCl solution or a diluted acetate buffer with a final
pH of around 5.
5/10/2016
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12. TYPES OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
Biorelevent Media:-
Biorelevant media are virtually the same as intestinal juices.
They contain key natural surfactants (bile salts, phospholipids)
present in intestinal juices. These are missing from ordinary
dissolution media.
They are virtually the same as the fluids inside the body, it can
provide a much more accurate picture of how drugs and their
formulations are likely to dissolve in vivo.
The aims are to highlight potential bioavailability issues and
attempt to achieve IVIVC.
Biorelevant media include Fasting state and Fed state
simulated Gastro Intestinal fluids.
5/10/2016
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13. COMPOSITION OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
MEDIUM pH COMPOSITION AMOUNT
Simulated Gastric Fluid
Without Enzyme (SGF),USP 26
1.2 NaCl 2.0 g
Conc. HCl 7.0 mL
Deionised water 1000 mL
Simulated Gastric Fluid With
Enzyme (SGF),USP 26
1.2 NaCl
Concentrated HCl
2.0 g
7.0 mL
Pepsin 3.2 g
Deionised Water 1000 mL
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14. COMPOSITION OF DISSOLUTION MEDIA
MEDIUM pH COMPOSITION AMOUNT
Simulated
Intestinal Fluid
Without Enzyme
(SIF ),USP 26
6.8 KH2PO4 68.05 g
NaOH 8.96 g
Deionised Water 1000 mL
Simulated
Intestinal Fluid
With Enzyme
(SIF ),USP 26
6.8 KH2PO4
NaOH
68.05 g
8.96 g
Pancreatin X g
Deionised Water 1000 mL
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15. FACTORS AFFECTING DISSOLUTION MEDIA
5/10/2016
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Dissolved Gases-Air
Dissolution Media Composition and pH
Viscosity of dissolution media
Surfactants
Temperature of dissolution media
Maintain Sink and Non-sink condition
16. CONCLUSION
5/10/2016
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Dissolution is dynamic property.
Maintain sink condition throughout study is important parameter in
dissolution.
Dissolution testing confirm the product quality.
Dissolution is used to study the rate of dissolution of given drug.
Physicochemical properties of drug affect the selection of appropriate
dissolution media.
Dissolution media is different for the different dosage form.
Dissolution media play important role in IVIVC and bioavailability
studies.
So,we can call the dissolution media is heart of “Dissolution Studies.”
17. REFERENCE
Brahmankar, D.M. and Jaiswal, Sunil B. (2009) “A textbook of
Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics”, 2nd Edition, Delhi,
Vallabh Prakashan, Page no.29, 32-33, 329.
Indian pharmacopoeia, (2014) Published by Indian
pharmacopoeia commission Ghaziabad, volume-1, page no-760.
Remington, (1995), “The Science And Practice of Pharmacy”,
volume-1, 19th Edition, Mack publishing Company, Page no.680-
681.
5/10/2016
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18. REFERENCE
5/10/2016
18
Mr. Ripal Mistry (1971) Selection Of Dissolution Media,
Available From www.Pharmatutor.org
Bankar V. Umesh, “Pharmaceutical Dissolution Testing”,
Informa Healthcare, New York, London, Page no.174-176.