Saima Habeeb is a Ph.D scholar and fellow of the American Academy of Nursing. She has over 25 years of experience contributing to nursing sciences through her work and publications. The document discusses Roy's Adaptation Model, which focuses on how a person copes with environmental changes. It examines the model's assumptions that people are bio-psycho-social beings constantly interacting with their environment. Adaptation involves using innate and acquired mechanisms to respond to stimuli through the four modes of physiology, self-concept, role function, and interdependence.

1. SAIMA HABBEB
Ph. D (N) SCHOLAR

7. 
Contd….
Fellow of American Academy of Nursing.
 Author , Co-author and contributing author of
numerous works including .
25 years of contribution to nursing sciences.

8. Introduction
 Roy's Adaptation Model focuses on a person's
coping (adaptive) abilities in response to a
constantly changing environment (Lopes,
Pagliuca, & Araujo, 2006).
 Nursing can promote effective coping by asking,
"How can I modify this patient's environment to
facilitate his adaptation?" (Chitty & Black, 2011,
p. 311).

10. Contd….
Roy credits work of Von Betalanffy’s General
System theory & Helson’s adaptation . Then
forming the original basis of scientific
assumptions underlying RAM.
Roy restated assumptions that form basis of
model and redefined adaptation.

13. EXPLICIT ASSUMPTIONS
• The person is a bio-psycho-social being.
• The person is in constant interaction with a changing environment.
• To cope with a changing world, person uses both innate and acquired
mechanisms which are biological, psychological and social in origin.
• To respond positively to environmental changes, the person must adapt.
• The person’s adaptation is a function of the stimulus he is exposed to and his
adaptation level.
• The person has 4 modes of adaptation: physiologic needs, self- concept, role
function and inter-dependence.
• "Nursing accepts the humanistic approach of valuing other persons’ opinions,
and view points" Interpersonal relations are an integral part of nursing

14. Development of the Model
• Roy believed that the environment and the individual are
sources of stimuli that require modification to promote
adaptation in the patient.
• Health is defined as the process of achieving adaptation with
the environment stimuli.
• Adaptation is defined as “process and outcome whereby
thinking and feeling persons, as individuals or groups, use
conscious awareness and choice to create human and
environmental integration.
• Adaptation is manifested by four interrelated modes of
behavior including physiological, self-concept, role function
and interdependence modes.

19. • Any of these can be cosidered a human system
• It combines the concept of system and
adaptation.
• Human adaptive system has input coming from
external env.as well as from within system.
• Stimuli are conceptualized as falling into 3
classifications- focal, contexual & residual.

31. Evaluation
Assessment
Of behavior
Goal setting
Intervention
Nursing
diagnosis
Assessment
Of stimuli
ROYS Six STEP NURSING PROCESS