Sister Callista Roy is a prominent nurse theorist born in 1939. She developed the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) in the 1960s-1970s and published it in 1976. The RAM views people as adaptive systems who use coping mechanisms to respond to stimuli. It focuses on four modes of adaptation: physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence. Roy spent her career developing and refining the RAM and advocating for its use in nursing education and research. She has influenced over 100,000 nursing students.

2. Sister callista Roy
• Mid 1960s through the 1970s
• Caring
• Stereotypes
• The Female Liberation
• Movement
• Feminism
• Empowerment
• Professionals
• Personal Image
• Sister Nurse
• Nurse Scholar

3. Callista Roy-time line
1987-Present Professor, and Nurse theorist. School
of Nursing, Boston College
1991 -Research, Measurement of adapting to
situations
1966-83 -Dept. of Nursing (MSMC)
1971 -Integration of Psychiatric Concept
1978 Award Fellow of American Academy of
Nursing.
October 14, 1939 Callista Roy Born
1964-66 Conceptualization of Model
1973 MA (Sociology)

4. 1981 Founders Award
1963 BA (Nursing)
1966 MS (Nursing)
1971-74 Chair, Dept of Nursing (MSMC)
1977 PhD (Sociology)
1968 Model put into practice
1978-79 Study, Project Director
1991 Award, National League for nursing
1987 100,000 (est.) nursing students graduated
with knowledge of RAM.

5. METAPARADIGMS

6. Person
• Humans are holistic, adaptive systems .
• A whole with the parts that function in unity for
some purpose.
• Not limited to just the individual can include groups,
families, organizations, communities, and society as
a whole.
Environment
Includes all the conditions, circumstances, and
influences surrounding and affecting the
development and behaviours of the person.Stimuli
include can be categorized as focal,
contextual and residual.Internal and External

7. Nursing
Acts to enhance the interaction of the person
with the environment to promote adaptationA
science and practice that expands adaptive
abilities and enhances person and
environmental transformation.
Adaptation
Process and outcome whereby thinking and
feeling persons use conscious awareness and
choice to create human environment
integration.

8. Roy Adaptation Model(RAM)-Terms
System-a set of parts connected to function as a
whole for some purpose.
Stimulus-something that provokes a response, point of
interaction for the human system and the environment
Focal Stimuli-internal or external stimulus most
immediately affecting the system.
Contextual Stimulus-all other stimulus present in the
situation.
Residual Stimulus-environmental factor, that effects on
the situation that are unclear

9. Regulator Subsystem-automatic response to
stimulus (neural, chemical, and endocrine).
Cognator Subsystem-responds through four
cognitive-emotive channels (perceptual and
information processing, learning, judgment, and
emotion).
Behaviour-internal or external actions and
reactions under specific circumstances.
Adaptive Responses-promote the integrity of the
human man system Ineffective.
Responses-neither promote not
contribute to the integrity of the human system.

10. Copping Process-innate or acquired ways of
interacting with the changing environment.
Innate-genetically determined, automatic
process.
Acquired-developed through learning,
deliberate and conscious

11. MODES OF
ADAPTATION

13. Physiologic-Physical Mode
• Behaviour pertaining to the physical
aspect of the human system.
• Physical and chemical processes.
• Nurse must be knowledgeable about
normal processes.
• 5 needs (Oxygenation, Nutrition,
Elimination, Activity, Rest, and Protection)

14. Self Concept-Group Identity Mode
• The composite of beliefs and feelings held
about oneself at a given time.
• Focus on the psychological and spiritual
aspects of the human system.
• Need to know who one is, so that one can
exist with a state of unity, meaning, and
purposefulness.
• 2 modes (physical self, and personal self)

15. Role Function Mode
• Set of expectations about how a person
occupying one position behaves toward a
person occupying another position.
• Basic need-social integrity, the need to
know who one is in relation to others.

16. Interdependance Mode
• Behaviour pertaining to interdependent
relationships of individuals and groups.
• Focus on the close relationships of people and
• their purpose.
• Each relationship exists for some reasonInvolves
the willingness and ability to give to others and
accept from others.
• Balance results in feelings of being valued and
• supported by others.
• Basic need-feeling of security in relationships.

17. Assumptions of ROY'S Adaptation Model
PHYSIO-
LOGIC CULTURAL SCIENTIFIC

18. Philosophic assumptions include
❖ Persons have a mutual relationship with the
world and a God-figure.
❖ Human meaning is rooted in an omega point
convergence of the universe.
❖ God is intimately revealed in the diversity of
creation and is the common destiny of creation.
❖ Persons use human creative abilities of
awareness, enlightenment, and faith.
❖ Persons are accountable for entering the process
of deriving, sustaining, and transforming the
universe.

19. Scientific assumptions include
❖ Systems of matter and energy progress to
higher levels of complex self-organization.
❖ Consciousness and meaning are constitutive
of person and environment integration.
❖ Awareness of self and environment is rooted
in thinking and feelng.
❖ Human decisions are accountable for
integration of creative processes.

20. ❖ Thinking and feeling mediate human action.
❖ System relationships include acceptance,
protection, and fostering interdependence.
❖ Persons and earth have common patterns and
integral relations.Persons and earth have
common patterns and integral relations.
❖ Person and environment transformations are
created in human consciousness.
❖ Integration of human environment meanings
results in adaptation.

21. Cultural assumptions include:
❖ Experiences within a specific culture will influence how
each element of the Roy adaptation model is expressed.
❖ Within a culture, there may be a concept that is central to
the culture and that will influence some or all of the
elements of the roy adaptation model to a greater or lesser
extent.
❖ Cultural expressions of the elements of the Roy
adaptation model may lead to changes in practice activities
such as nursing assessment.
❖ As Roy adaptation model elements evolve within a
cultural perspective, implications for education and research
may differ from experience in the original culture