Dsdco IE: RISC and CISC architectures and design issuesHome
RISC is an alternative to the Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) architecture and is often considered the most efficient CPU architecture technology available today.
RISC - Reduced Instruction Set ComputingTushar Swami
A detailed presentation about what is RISC and some of the basic differences between RISC and CISC Computers.
Also enlisting some of the major applications of RISC in the field of Technology.
A 64-Bit RISC Processor Design and Implementation Using VHDL Andrew Yoila
1. Introduction
In today technology digital hardware plays a very important role in field of electronic and computer engineering products today. Due
to fast growing and competition in the technological world and rapid rise of transistor demand and speediness of joined circuits and
steeps declines of the price cause by the improvement in micro-electronics application Machineries. The introduction of computer to
the society has affected so many things in the society in which almost all problems can be solve using computers. Many industries
today are requesting for system developers that have the skills and technical knowhow of designing the program logics. VHDL is one
of the most popular design applications used by designer to implement such task. Reduce instruction set computing (RISC) processor
play a vital role with RISC AND BIST features which most dominants patterns can provide, in systems testing of the circuits below
the tests which is important to the quality component of testing [1]. Although the Reduced instruction set have few instructions sets, as
its bit’s processing’s sizes increase then the test’s patterns become denser and the structure’s faults is kept great. In view to enable the
Operation of the most instructions as registers to registers operation, Arithmetic logic unit is studied and a detail test patterns is being
develop. This report is prepaid keeping in mind where specific application is automated and controlled. This report has 33 instruction
set with MICA architecture. This report will focus mainly on the meaning of
i. RISC processor,
ii. the design,
iii. the architecture,
iv. the data part and the instruction set of the design.
v. VHDL.
Comparative Study of RISC AND CISC ArchitecturesEditor IJCATR
Comparison between RISC and CISC in the language of computer architecture for research is not very simple because
a lot of researcher worked on RISC and CISC Architectures. Both these architecture differ substantially in terms of their underlying
platforms and hardware architectures. The type of chips used differs a lot and there exists too many variants as well. This paper
gives us the architectural comparison between RISC and CISC architectures. Also, we provide their advantages performance point
of view and share our idea to the new researchers.
RISC (reduced instruction set computer)LokmanArman
RISC
Reduced Instruction Set Computer
What Is RISC?
History Of RISC.
Characteristics Of RISC.
Five Design Principles Of RISC.
What Actually RISC Does?
In Real Life Uses Of RISC In Computer Architecture.
Computer Architecture & Organization.
Dsdco IE: RISC and CISC architectures and design issuesHome
RISC is an alternative to the Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) architecture and is often considered the most efficient CPU architecture technology available today.
RISC - Reduced Instruction Set ComputingTushar Swami
A detailed presentation about what is RISC and some of the basic differences between RISC and CISC Computers.
Also enlisting some of the major applications of RISC in the field of Technology.
A 64-Bit RISC Processor Design and Implementation Using VHDL Andrew Yoila
1. Introduction
In today technology digital hardware plays a very important role in field of electronic and computer engineering products today. Due
to fast growing and competition in the technological world and rapid rise of transistor demand and speediness of joined circuits and
steeps declines of the price cause by the improvement in micro-electronics application Machineries. The introduction of computer to
the society has affected so many things in the society in which almost all problems can be solve using computers. Many industries
today are requesting for system developers that have the skills and technical knowhow of designing the program logics. VHDL is one
of the most popular design applications used by designer to implement such task. Reduce instruction set computing (RISC) processor
play a vital role with RISC AND BIST features which most dominants patterns can provide, in systems testing of the circuits below
the tests which is important to the quality component of testing [1]. Although the Reduced instruction set have few instructions sets, as
its bit’s processing’s sizes increase then the test’s patterns become denser and the structure’s faults is kept great. In view to enable the
Operation of the most instructions as registers to registers operation, Arithmetic logic unit is studied and a detail test patterns is being
develop. This report is prepaid keeping in mind where specific application is automated and controlled. This report has 33 instruction
set with MICA architecture. This report will focus mainly on the meaning of
i. RISC processor,
ii. the design,
iii. the architecture,
iv. the data part and the instruction set of the design.
v. VHDL.
Comparative Study of RISC AND CISC ArchitecturesEditor IJCATR
Comparison between RISC and CISC in the language of computer architecture for research is not very simple because
a lot of researcher worked on RISC and CISC Architectures. Both these architecture differ substantially in terms of their underlying
platforms and hardware architectures. The type of chips used differs a lot and there exists too many variants as well. This paper
gives us the architectural comparison between RISC and CISC architectures. Also, we provide their advantages performance point
of view and share our idea to the new researchers.
RISC (reduced instruction set computer)LokmanArman
RISC
Reduced Instruction Set Computer
What Is RISC?
History Of RISC.
Characteristics Of RISC.
Five Design Principles Of RISC.
What Actually RISC Does?
In Real Life Uses Of RISC In Computer Architecture.
Computer Architecture & Organization.
1. CISC VS. RISC.
2. Agenda.
3. CPU Architecture.
4. Instruction Set Architecture (ISA). Group of instructions to execute a program. Instructions are in the form of: Opcode + Operand. An agreement between hardware and human for making interaction. Example : ADD R1, R2, R3
Can be represented as :
00101111100001111001010101010101
10111010100011110101001011011010
Two major schools of ISA: CISC & RISC.
5. CISC Philosophy (Complex Instruction Set Computing). The primary goal is to complete a task in as few lines as possible. Used on PCs and laptops that need to process heavy graphics and computations. Each instruction consist of one step.
(ex: MULT 2:3, 5:2, load the two values into registers, multiplies the operands, and then stores the product in appropriate register).
6. CISC Pros & Cons. Instruction size is different from one operation to another. Operation size is smaller but no of cycles are more. Needs better hardware and powerful processing. Performance is slow due to the amount of clock time taken by different instructions.
7. RISC Philosophy (Reduced Instruction Set Computing). Use only simple instructions that can be executed within one clock cycle. Keep all instructions of same size. Allow only load/store instruction to access the memory.
(ex: MULT command divided into three separate commands: LOAD, PROD, and STORE).
8. RISC Pros & Cons. Allow free use of microprocessors space because of its simplicity. Needs large memory caches on the chip itself so require very fast memory. Give support for high level languages (like C, C++, Java). Performance depends on the programmer or compiler.
9. CPU Performance Equation. The following equation is commonly used for expressing a computer's performance ability:
퐶푃푈 푇푖푚푒=푆푒푐표푛푑푠/푃푟표푔푟푎푚=퐼푛푠푡푟푢푐푡푖표푛푠/푃푟표푔푟푎푚 푥 퐶푦푐푙푒푠/퐼푛푠푡푟푢푐푡푖표푛푠 푥 푆푒푐표푛푑푠/퐶푦푐푙푒
CISC minimize the number of instructions per program.
RISC does the opposite, reduce the cycles per instruction.
10. Summary.
Reduced instruction set computing, or RISC (pronounced 'risk', /ɹɪsk/), is a CPU design strategy based on the insight that a simplified instruction set provides higher performance when combined with a microprocessor architecture capable of executing those instructions using fewer microprocessor cycles per instruction.
Very long instruction word or VLIW refers to a processor architecture designed to take advantage of instruction level parallelism
This type of processor architecture is intended to allow higher performance without the inherent complexity of some other approaches.
The most important interface in a computer system is the instruction set architecture (ISA) as it connects software to hardware. So, given the prevalence of open standards for almost all other important interfaces, why is the ISA still proprietary? We argue that a free ISA is a necessary precursor to future hardware innovation, and there's no good technical reason not to have free, open ISAs just as we have free, open networking standards and free, open operating systems.
Architecture Exploration of RISC-V Processor and Comparison with ARM Cortex-A53KarthiSugumar
This presentation focuses on the architectural exploration of RISC-V ISA based processor for networking applications such as a Router, using the trade-off between power consumption and performance. The optimized architecture is compared against commercially available RISC processors from ARM. A model of RISC-V based Solid-State Drive is also proposed.
Various processor architectures are described in this presentation. It could be useful for people working for h/w selection and processor identification.
1. CISC VS. RISC.
2. Agenda.
3. CPU Architecture.
4. Instruction Set Architecture (ISA). Group of instructions to execute a program. Instructions are in the form of: Opcode + Operand. An agreement between hardware and human for making interaction. Example : ADD R1, R2, R3
Can be represented as :
00101111100001111001010101010101
10111010100011110101001011011010
Two major schools of ISA: CISC & RISC.
5. CISC Philosophy (Complex Instruction Set Computing). The primary goal is to complete a task in as few lines as possible. Used on PCs and laptops that need to process heavy graphics and computations. Each instruction consist of one step.
(ex: MULT 2:3, 5:2, load the two values into registers, multiplies the operands, and then stores the product in appropriate register).
6. CISC Pros & Cons. Instruction size is different from one operation to another. Operation size is smaller but no of cycles are more. Needs better hardware and powerful processing. Performance is slow due to the amount of clock time taken by different instructions.
7. RISC Philosophy (Reduced Instruction Set Computing). Use only simple instructions that can be executed within one clock cycle. Keep all instructions of same size. Allow only load/store instruction to access the memory.
(ex: MULT command divided into three separate commands: LOAD, PROD, and STORE).
8. RISC Pros & Cons. Allow free use of microprocessors space because of its simplicity. Needs large memory caches on the chip itself so require very fast memory. Give support for high level languages (like C, C++, Java). Performance depends on the programmer or compiler.
9. CPU Performance Equation. The following equation is commonly used for expressing a computer's performance ability:
퐶푃푈 푇푖푚푒=푆푒푐표푛푑푠/푃푟표푔푟푎푚=퐼푛푠푡푟푢푐푡푖표푛푠/푃푟표푔푟푎푚 푥 퐶푦푐푙푒푠/퐼푛푠푡푟푢푐푡푖표푛푠 푥 푆푒푐표푛푑푠/퐶푦푐푙푒
CISC minimize the number of instructions per program.
RISC does the opposite, reduce the cycles per instruction.
10. Summary.
Reduced instruction set computing, or RISC (pronounced 'risk', /ɹɪsk/), is a CPU design strategy based on the insight that a simplified instruction set provides higher performance when combined with a microprocessor architecture capable of executing those instructions using fewer microprocessor cycles per instruction.
Very long instruction word or VLIW refers to a processor architecture designed to take advantage of instruction level parallelism
This type of processor architecture is intended to allow higher performance without the inherent complexity of some other approaches.
The most important interface in a computer system is the instruction set architecture (ISA) as it connects software to hardware. So, given the prevalence of open standards for almost all other important interfaces, why is the ISA still proprietary? We argue that a free ISA is a necessary precursor to future hardware innovation, and there's no good technical reason not to have free, open ISAs just as we have free, open networking standards and free, open operating systems.
Architecture Exploration of RISC-V Processor and Comparison with ARM Cortex-A53KarthiSugumar
This presentation focuses on the architectural exploration of RISC-V ISA based processor for networking applications such as a Router, using the trade-off between power consumption and performance. The optimized architecture is compared against commercially available RISC processors from ARM. A model of RISC-V based Solid-State Drive is also proposed.
Various processor architectures are described in this presentation. It could be useful for people working for h/w selection and processor identification.
Cours dispensé à l'IUT de l'Indre sur la base des systèmes à microprocesseur
Objectif principal : démystifier le travail du compilateur en analysant le résultat de compilation d'un programme à l'issue de quelques séances de programmation en assembleur IA32.
CISC & RISC Architecture with contents
History Of CISC & RISC
Need Of CISC
CISC
CISC Characteristics
CISC Architecture
The Search for RISC
RISC Characteristics
Bus Architecture
Pipeline Architecture
Compiler Structure
Commercial Application
Reference
Topics included:
=================================================
Assembly Language
CISC Instruction Sets
Characteristics of RISC
RISC and CISC Styles
Encoding of Machine Instructions
A presentation on CPU. Focusing on Single and Multi core processors, Hyper threading and Turbo boost Technologies, RISC and CISC processors and computing/storage platforms. :)
This slide contain the detail about the various organization of computer(Register based organization, Stack Based Organization and Accumulator Based Organization), Addressing Modes, Instruction Formats and finally RISC and CISC
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
3. What is CISC
• Complex Instruction Set Computer
• “High level” Instruction Set
• Executes several “low level
operations”
• Ex: load, arithmetic operation,
memory store
4. Features of CISC
• Instructions can operate directly on memory
• Small number of general purpose registers
• Instructions take multiple clocks to execute
• Few lines of code per operation
5. What is RISC?
• Reduced Instruction Set Computer
• RISC is a CPU design that recognizes only a
limited number of instructions
• Simple instructions
• Instructions are executed quickly
6. Features of RISC
“Reduced” instruction set
Executes a series of simple instruction instead of a complex
instruction
• Instructions are executed within one clock cycle
• Incorporates a large number of general registers
for arithmetic operations to avoid storing variables
on a stack in memory
• Only the load and store instructions operate
directly onto memory
• Pipelining = speed
7. Pipelining
• “Assembly Line”
• Technique to process multiple instructions at
the same time
• Allows instructions to be executed efficiently
8. Stages of Pipelining
• Fetch instructions from memory
• Decode the instruction
• Execute the instruction or calculate an
address
• Access an operand in data memory
• Write the result into a register
10. CISC vs RISC
CISC RISC
Complex instructions require
multiple cycles
Reduced instructions take 1
cycle
Many instructions can
reference memory
Only Load and Store
instructions can reference
memory
Instructions are executed one
at a time
Uses pipelining to execute
instructions
Few general registers Many general registers
