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The document summarizes key aspects of early American government including: 1) The Articles of Confederation provided a weak national government which caused problems and led to calls for changes. 2) In response, the new US Constitution established three branches of government and a system of checks and balances to limit any one branch's power. 3) The first five US Presidents oversaw events like establishing the capital, adding the Bill of Rights, the Louisiana Purchase and War of 1812.
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2) The Constitutional Convention drafted a new Constitution in 1787 to replace the failing Articles of Confederation. Ratification was disputed with Federalists and Anti-Federalists advocating different viewpoints.
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George Washington is unanimously elected as the first President of the United States, while John Adams becomes Vice President. However, there were many uncertainties around presidential etiquette, titles, pay, and residences that needed to be addressed. Washington helped resolve some of these issues with his formal and aloof demeanor. Congress established the President's title and salary, though early debates also proposed calling Washington "His Highness." While the new government and capital in New York faced attendance issues, Washington's leadership and Congress's decisions helped establish traditions and norms for the American presidency during its early years of existence.
Washington's Presidency
George Washington served as the first President of the United States and helped establish the structure and powers of the executive branch. He appointed the first Cabinet, including Alexander Hamilton as Secretary of Treasury and Thomas Jefferson as Secretary of State. Hamilton and Jefferson disagreed over the interpretation of Congressional authority, with Hamilton favoring a loose interpretation allowing more federal power and Jefferson preferring a strict interpretation reserving more powers for states. Washington's presidency established many precedents and saw the emergence of the first political parties in the United States.
Washington To Adams
George Washington was the first President of the United States from 1789 to 1797. His cabinet included Thomas Jefferson as Secretary of State, Alexander Hamilton as Secretary of Treasury, and Henry Knox as Secretary of War. Washington established important precedents such as the cabinet system and neutrality in foreign affairs. He warned against political parties and foreign entanglements in his farewell address.
Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists Notes
The Federalists, led by figures like James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay, supported a stronger central government and ratifying the Constitution as written. The Anti-Federalists, including Thomas Jefferson and George Mason, represented farmers and lower classes who wanted more state power and opposed the Constitution without added protections for individual rights like a Bill of Rights. The two sides debated the appropriate balance of federal versus state power.
Lesson 4 Federalists vs. Anti Federalists
The Federalists supported a strong central government while the Antifederalists opposed increased federal power and supported states' rights. The Federalist Papers, written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay, argued in favor of ratifying the United States Constitution. They wanted to influence the vote and shape the new government. The Antifederalists worried that a strong federal government could become tyrannical and opposed adding a bill of rights to limit federal power over individuals. Their debates centered on the balance between federal and state authority.
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A c 2 us chapter 2a
- After the American Revolution, there was debate around the appropriate balance of power between the federal government and state governments. Some supported stronger federal power while others favored state power.
- The Articles of Confederation, the nation's first constitution, gave most power to the states. However, it proved ineffective, lacking mechanisms for taxation and enforcement of laws. This led to events like Shays' Rebellion that alarmed many.
- At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, delegates worked to address weaknesses in the Articles through compromise. The bicameral legislature and other aspects of the new Constitution aimed to balance federal and state power.
Section 1 Notes
George Washington was elected the first President of the United States in 1789. He faced many challenges in establishing the new government, including a small army, threats from Native Americans and pirates, and no precedent for the presidency. Washington proved to be a capable leader. Alexander Hamilton proposed establishing a national bank and taking on the states' war debts to strengthen the new federal government, which was controversial but approved. The capital was located on the Potomac River in a compromise to gain Southern support.
Section 1 notes
George Washington was elected the first President of the United States in 1789. He faced many challenges in establishing the new government, including a small army, threats from Native Americans and pirates, and no precedent for the presidency. Washington proved to be a capable leader. Alexander Hamilton established the first cabinet and departments to help Washington lead. Congress also passed the Bill of Rights and established the Supreme Court and other parts of the new government. Hamilton's plans to pay off war debts and establish the Bank of the United States faced opposition but were ultimately approved.
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The document summarizes the early history of the United States government, from the Articles of Confederation to the ratification of the Constitution. It describes that the original 13 states each had their own government, and then joined together under the Articles of Confederation, which gave most power to state governments. However, problems with the Articles led to the Constitutional Convention and the drafting of a new Constitution, which was then ratified by the states and established a stronger federal government with balanced power between the national and state levels.
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Forming a united states 83
America's first national government under the Articles of Confederation was very weak. It gave
too much power to the states and too little to the central government. As a result, states fought
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The U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the United States that provides the framework for the U.S. government and defines its powers. It was drafted in 1787 in Philadelphia in response to weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation, including a weak federal government and lack of separation of powers. The Constitution established a representative democracy with three branches of government and a system of checks and balances to limit any one branch from becoming too powerful. It has been amended 27 times, including the first ten amendments known as the Bill of Rights.
Articles of ConfederationBig IdeasWhat issues divided the Cont.docx
Articles of Confederation
Big Ideas
What issues divided the Continental Congress as it developed a plan for the national government?
What were the structure and powers of the national government under the Articles of Confederation?
What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
People & Events to Know
John Locke
Shay’s Rebellion
Terms to Know
state of nature
republic
Articles of Confederation
The Constitution
Big Ideas
How did the Great Compromise satisfy the concerns of the large and smaller states?
How did the Constitutional Convention reach a compromise on the issue of slavery?
What was the goal of the Federalists?
Why did the Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?
What goals are outlined in the Preamble to the Constitution?
How is the national government organized?
What are the three branches of government? What is each branch in charge of doing?
What is the significance of the Bill of Rights?
What rights are protected by the Bill of Rights?
People and Events to Know
James Madison
Alexander Hamilton
George Washington
Terms to Know
Virginia Plan
New Jersey Plan
Great Compromise
Three-fifths Compromise
Congress
ratification
Federalism
Federalism
Antifederalists
Bill of Rights
amendment
Preamble
legislative Branch
judicial Branch
executive branch
suffrage
House of Representatives
Senate
popular sovereignty
federalism
separation of powers
checks and balances
“rule of law”
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Big Ideas
What challenges did George Washington face as the first president of the United States?
What economic problems did the new government face?
What is the purpose of a tariff?
Why did Alexander Hamilton favor imposing high tariffs and creating a national bank?
What are the two major ways of interpreting the Constitution, and how do they differ?
Why did Federalists pass the Alien and Sedition Acts?
What were the main parties in the election of 1800, and how did their views differ?
People and Events to Know
George Washington
Alexander Hamilton
Creation of the national bank
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
Marbury v. Madison
Terms to Know
Tariff
National bank
Alien and Sedition Acts
Political parties
Democratic-Republicans
Federalists (the political party)
Expanding Toward War
Big Ideas
How did the United States acquire the land in the west?
What was the spoils system and how was it controversial?
How did the Indian Removal Act affect Native Americans in the Southeast?
How did the issue of tariffs divide the country?
Why did nullification threaten the nation?
Why did people move west?
How did Texas become a state?
How did Manifest Destiny impact westward migration?
What areas did the United States gain as a result of Manifest Destiny?
What goals did the Lewis and Clark expedition have? What did it accomplish?
What were the causes and effects of the War of 1812?
What were the effects of the War of 1812?
How did the invention of the cotton gin change Southern life?
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