The document provides information on various topics related to nuclear power plants, including:
1) Nuclear fuels commonly used in power plants such as uranium-235 and plutonium-239.
2) Key components of nuclear power plants including the fuel, moderators, control rods, shielding, coolant, turbines, and safety systems.
3) Different types of nuclear reactors including boiling water reactors, pressurized water reactors, CANDU reactors, and fast breeder reactors.
nuclear power generation
types of nuclear reactor
position in india
waste management of nuclear waste
generation of nuclear reactor
advantages and disadvantages
PPT ON THERMAL POWER PLANT (POLLUTION CONTROLLED)HIMANSHU .
!!!!!!!!!!>LINKS FOR THE VIDEOS ARE<!!!!!!!!!!
>>>https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1cSouvmjSSu7ZSPBq1AA2TYYn87kepoW8?usp=sharing<<<
A generating station which converts heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy is known as a thermal power station.
IN THIS PPT THERE ARE SOME WAYS OF USING TECHNIQUES TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF POLLUTION CAUSED BY THERMAL POWER PLANT
its a short introduction of pollution due to power generation and thermal power impact and analyse of hydro power plant its equation use in producing electric energy by Seminar Report
pollution due to non conventional energy of power generation
This is presentation of boiling water reactor.
In this overview of boiling water reactor power plant.
comparison between boiling water reactor and pressurise water reactor.
Contain - control system , Steam turbine,fuel of boiling water reactor system and their advantages and disadvantages.
Contain - control system , Steam turbine,fuel of boiling water reactor system and their advantages and disadvantages.
The steam power plant is an important source to produce the electricity. The major portion of electricity demand is fulfilled by this power plant. It is also called a thermal power plant. It provides the electricity required to different areas. In this article we will study the construction, working, efficiency, advantages, and disadvantages of steam power plants It is the power plant which is used to generate electricity by the use of steam turbine. The major components of these power plants are boiler, steam turbine, condenser, and water feed pump.
nuclear power generation
types of nuclear reactor
position in india
waste management of nuclear waste
generation of nuclear reactor
advantages and disadvantages
PPT ON THERMAL POWER PLANT (POLLUTION CONTROLLED)HIMANSHU .
!!!!!!!!!!>LINKS FOR THE VIDEOS ARE<!!!!!!!!!!
>>>https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1cSouvmjSSu7ZSPBq1AA2TYYn87kepoW8?usp=sharing<<<
A generating station which converts heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy is known as a thermal power station.
IN THIS PPT THERE ARE SOME WAYS OF USING TECHNIQUES TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF POLLUTION CAUSED BY THERMAL POWER PLANT
its a short introduction of pollution due to power generation and thermal power impact and analyse of hydro power plant its equation use in producing electric energy by Seminar Report
pollution due to non conventional energy of power generation
This is presentation of boiling water reactor.
In this overview of boiling water reactor power plant.
comparison between boiling water reactor and pressurise water reactor.
Contain - control system , Steam turbine,fuel of boiling water reactor system and their advantages and disadvantages.
Contain - control system , Steam turbine,fuel of boiling water reactor system and their advantages and disadvantages.
The steam power plant is an important source to produce the electricity. The major portion of electricity demand is fulfilled by this power plant. It is also called a thermal power plant. It provides the electricity required to different areas. In this article we will study the construction, working, efficiency, advantages, and disadvantages of steam power plants It is the power plant which is used to generate electricity by the use of steam turbine. The major components of these power plants are boiler, steam turbine, condenser, and water feed pump.
A nuclear power plant is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor. As in a conventional thermal power station the heat is used to generate steam which drives a steam turbine connected to a generator which produces electricity.
working of nuclear reactors: Boiling Water Reactor (BWR), Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR), Canada Deuterium - Uranium reactor (CANDU), breeder, gas cooled and liquid metal cooled reactors – safety measures for nuclear power plants.
A nuclear power plant or nuclear power station is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor. As is typical in all conventional thermal power stations the heat is used to generate steam which drives a steam turbine connected to an electric generator which produces electricity.
Enrico Fermi is considered to have invented nuclear power, along with his colleagues at the University of Chicago in 1942, by successfully demonstrating the first controlled self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction.
Layout of modern coal power plant, super critical boilers, FBC boilers, coal handling, pulveriser, ash handling and types of draught – surface condenser types – cooling towers – binary cycles – cogeneration system
Unit-V-Power Plant Economics and Environment.pptxprakash0712
Power tariff types, load distribution parameters, load curve – comparison of site selection criteria – relative merits and demerits – capital and operating cost of different power plants – pollution control technologies including waste disposal options for coal and nuclear power plants.
Hydro electric power plants: typical layout and associated components – Principle, construction and working of wind, tidal, Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV), solar thermal, geo thermal, biogas and fuel cell power systems.
Unit-II-Diesel Gas turbine and Combined Cycle Power Plant.pptxprakash0712
Diesel power plant: layout, components – Gas turbine power plant: open and closed cycles, gas turbine plant improvisation methods – Combined cycle power plants – Integrated gasifier based combined cycle systems.
UNIT-IV-STEERING, BRAKES AND SUSPENSION SYSTEMS.pptxprakash0712
Steering geometry and types of steering gear box – power steering – pneumatic and hydraulic braking system – Antilock Braking System (ABS) – Electronic Brake force Distribution (EBD) and traction control – types of front axle – types of suspension system.
Electronically controlled gasoline injection system for SI engines – Electronically controlled diesel injection system – unit injector system, rotary distributor type and common rail direct injection system – Electronic ignition system: transistorized coil ignition system, capacitive discharge ignition system – Turbochargers - waste gate turbocharger, variable geometry turbocharger – engine emission control by three way catalytic converter system – emission norms (Euro, BS).
UNIT-V-ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLES.pptxprakash0712
Electric Vehicles: History of electric vehicles - components of electric vehicle - layout & working of electric vehicles – comparison with internal combustion engine - advantages and disadvantages of EV.
Hybrid Vehicles: Components of hybrid vehicles – layout & working principle of hybrid vehicles - comparison with electric vehicles - advantages and disadvantages of hybrid vehicles.
UNIT-1-VEHICLE STRUCTURE AND ENGINES.pptprakash0712
Types of automobiles – vehicle construction and different layouts – chassis, frame and body – resistances to vehicle aerodynamics (various resistances and moments involved) – IC engines - components, functions and materials – Variable Valve Timing (VVT).
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
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Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
3. Atomic Number
The number of protons in the nucleus.
Mass Number
Total number of nucleons in the nucleus.
Isotopes
Mass number different forms is different and atomic number is same.
Binding Energy
Energy released at the moment of combination of two nucleons to form
nucleus of an atom.
1 eV = 1.602 x 10-9J
Radioactivity
It is phenomenon of spontaneous emission of powerful radiations exhibited by
heavy elements.
5. 92U238
• 92 represents number of protons or electrons
• 238 represents mass number
• 146 represents number of neutrons
• U represents Uranium
6. Uranium-235
General Facts
• The most often isotope of Uranium found in Nature is U-238,
U-235 is only found in low proportions (0.71%).
• U-235 is created from U-238 via isotope separation.
• The critical mass for an unreflected sphere of U-235 is about
50 kg (17 cm of diameter).
Fission Process
• One slow neutron strikes a U-235 atom; the result is U-236.
• U-236 is highly unstable and it fissions. There are twenty
different fission processes, the products masses always add up
236.
• Example: U-235 + 1 neutron -> 2 neutrons + Kr-92 + Ba-142 +
ENERGY
7. Plutonium-239
General Facts
• Plutonium is very rare in nature.
• For military purposes, it is obtained processing Uranium-238 in
breeder reactors.
• It has a reasonably low rate of neutron emission due to
spontaneous fission.
• It is usually contaminated with Plutanium-240 which is more
unstable (4%-7% of plutanium-240 is considered bomb-grade). This
is the reason why plutonium-based weapons must be implosion-
type, rather than gun-type.
• The critical mass for an unreflected sphere of Plutonium is 16 kg.
Fission process: When Platinium-239 absorbs a slow neutron it
becomes Platinium-240, which decays fast via different processes
emitting at least two neutrons.
8.
9. Nuclear Fission
• Nuclear fission is the
process of splitting a
nucleus into two nuclei
with smaller masses.
• Fission means “to
divide”
11. Nuclear Fusion
• Nuclear fusion is the
combining of two nuclei
with low masses to form
one nucleus of larger
mass.
• Nuclear fusion reactions
are also called
thermonuclear reactions.
12. Chain Reaction
• A chain reaction is an
ongoing series of fission
reactions. Billions of
reactions occur each
second in a chain
reaction.
15. Fuel:
The fissionable material used in the reactor is called as fuel. The commonly used fuels are Uranium, Plutonium
or Thorium. It can be U-235, U-238, Pu-236 or Th-232. Uranium is mostly preferred as it has high melting point.
Moderators:
Only neutrons of a fairly low speed should be used to have controlled chain reaction. To slow down the speed
fast moving neutrons produced during the fission process, moderators are used. Moderator reduces the speed
of the neutron by absorbing its energy but not absorb neutron. Graphite, Heavy water and Beryllium are
common moderators.
Control Rods:
These rods absorb neutrons and stop the chain reaction to proceed further. These are made up of steel
containing a high percentage of material like cadmium or boron which can absorb neutrons. When control rods
are completely inserted into the moderator block then all the neutrons is absorbed and reaction comes to halt.
Shielding:
Shielding prevents radiations to reach outside the reactor. Lead blocks and concrete enclosure that is strong
enough of several meters thickness are used for shielding.
Coolant:
The coolant is substance in a pipe to the steam generator where water is boiled. This is where heat-exchange
process occurs. Heat is absorbed by the coolant that is produced in the reactor. Typical coolants are water,
carbon dioxide gas or liquid sodium.
Turbines:
Steam produced in the boiler is now passes to a turbine. The force of the steam jet causes the turbine to rotate.
Heat energy (steam) is converted to mechanical energy (moving turbine).
16. Types of Reactors
Boiling Water Reactor - BWR
Pressurized Water Reactor- PWR
CANada Deuterium-Uranium reactor – CANDU
Fast Breeder Reactor – FBR or BR
Gas Cooled Reactor - GCR
Liquid Metal Cooled Reactor - LMFBR
28. • Reactor protection system (RPS) - A reactor protection
system is designed to immediately terminate the
nuclear reaction. By breaking the chain reaction, the
source of heat is eliminated.
• Control rods - Control rods are a series of rods that can
be quickly inserted into the reactor core to
absorb neutrons and rapidly terminate the nuclear
reaction.
• Safety injection - boric acid, which acts as a neutron
poison and rapidly floods the core in case of problems
with the stopping of the chain reaction.
Nuclear Power Plant Safety
30. Emergency core cooling system - ECCS
• Emergency core cooling systems (ECCS) are designed to
safely shut down a nuclear reactor during accident
conditions.
• High pressure coolant injection system - HPCI consists of a
pump or pumps that have sufficient pressure to inject
coolant into the reactor vessel while it is pressurized.
• Automatic Depressurization system - DS consists in the
case of Boiling water reactors of a series of valves which
open to vent steam several feet under the surface of a large
pool of liquid water
• Low pressure coolant injection system - LPCI consists of a
pump or pumps that inject coolant into the reactor vessel
once it has been depressurized.
32. Ventilation and radiation protection
• In case of a radioactive release, most plants
have a system designed to remove
radioactivity from the air to reduce the effects
of the radioactivity release on the employees
and public. This system usually consists of
containment ventilation that removes
radioactivity and steam from primary
containment. Control room ventilation
ensures that plant operators are protected.