This document discusses polyhydramnios, or excessive amniotic fluid, during pregnancy. It defines polyhydramnios as an amniotic fluid index greater than 25 cm or a single vertical pocket over 8 cm. Common causes include fetal anomalies, placental tumors, multiple pregnancies, and maternal diabetes. Chronic polyhydramnios presents with abdominal swelling while acute cases are rarer and can be caused by twin-twin transfusion syndrome or large placental tumors. Ultrasound is used to diagnose and complications for both mother and baby must be monitored and managed.

1. POLYHYDRAMNIOS
Dr Sunil Kumar Samal
Asst. Professor, Dept. of OBGYN

2. Contents
 Physiology- Amniotic fluid
 Definition
 Etiology
 Clinical types- Chronic and Acute
 Differential Diagnoses
 Complications
 Management

3. Amniotic Fluid
 Amniotic fluid index (AFI)

4. Polyhydramnios
 Definition- Liquor amnii >2000 ml
 AFI >25 cm
 Single vertical pocket > 8 cm

5. Etiology- Fetal
Anencephaly Esophageal atresia Spina Bifida
Cleft lip & Palate Hydrocephalus Aneuploidy

6. Etiology- Placental
Normal Placenta
Chorioangioma

7. Etiology- Multiple pregnancy

8. Etiology- Maternal
Maternal diabetes

9. Clinical Types
 Chronic (Most common)
 Acute (Rarer)

10. Chronic Polyhydramnios
 Symptoms
 Sign
 Abdominal examination
 Internal examination

11. Investigation
 Ultrasonography
 Blood-ABO and Rh grouping, Blood sugar
 Amniotic fluid alpha fetoprotein- Open neural tube
defect

12. D/D
 Pregnancy with huge ovarian cyst
 Maternal ascites

13. Complication
 Maternal- During Pregnancy, Labour, Puerperium
 Fetal

14. Management
 Mild
 Severe

16. Acute Polyhydramnios
 Etiology- Monozygotic twins with TTS
 Chorioangioma of placenta
 Sypmtoms
 Sign
 Treatment

17. Thank You