The document discusses batteries and paper batteries. It begins with an introduction to batteries, noting that they convert chemical energy to electrical energy and were invented in 1800. It then discusses different types of batteries such as primary and secondary batteries, as well as different classifications. The document then focuses on paper batteries, explaining that they are made from carbon nanotubes and paper and can be shaped without loss of integrity. Paper batteries produce electricity similarly to lithium-ion batteries and have applications such as powering smart cards and toys.
The terms atomic battery, nuclear battery, tritium battery and radioisotope generator are used to describe a device which uses energy from the decay of a radioactive isotope to generate electricity. Like nuclear reactors they generate electricity from atomic energy, but differ in that they do not use a chain reaction.
A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production device formed by combining carbon nanotube s with a conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper. A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and super capacitor.
The terms atomic battery, nuclear battery, tritium battery and radioisotope generator are used to describe a device which uses energy from the decay of a radioactive isotope to generate electricity. Like nuclear reactors they generate electricity from atomic energy, but differ in that they do not use a chain reaction.
A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production device formed by combining carbon nanotube s with a conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper. A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and super capacitor.
This presentation contains detail description of paper battery, disadvantage of conventional battery, working process, elements and applications in various fields
Human brain, the most valuable creation of Allah. The man is called intelligent because of the Brain. But we loss the knowledge of a brain when the body is destroyed after the death .
“BLUE BRAIN”- The name of the world’s first virtual brain. That means a machine that can function as human brain.
Naman Dilip Nandurkar
Content
Introduction & How It Works
History
Interesting Facts
Different Types Of Batteries
Selecting the right battery for your application
Application
Effect On Envorment
Future Of Batteries
The Batteries form a significant part of many electronic devices. Typical electrochemical batteries or cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Batteries based on the charging ability are classified into primary and secondary cells. Secondary cells are widely used because of their rechargeable nature. Presently, battery takes up a huge amount of space and contributes to a large part of the devices weight. There is strong recent interest in ultrathin, flexible, safe energy storage devices to meet the various design and power needs of modern gadgets. New research suggests that carbon nanotubes may eventually provide the best hope of implementing the flexible batteries which can shrink our gadgets even more. The paper batteries could meet the energy demands of the next generation gadgets. A paper battery is a flexible, ultra thin energy storage and production device formed by combining carbon nanotubes with a conventional sheet of cellulose based paper. A paper battery acts as both a high energy battery and super capacitor, combining two components that are separate in traditional electronics. This combination allows the battery to provide both long term, steady power production and bursts of energy. Nontoxic, flexible paper batteries have the potential to power the next generation of electronics, medical devices and hybrid vehicles, allowing for radical new designs and medical technologies. The various types of batteries followed by the operation principle, manufacturing and working of paper batteries are discussed in detail. M. Srikanth | P. Yaswanth Kumar | K. Vijetha "Paper Battery" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29836.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/29836/paper-battery/m-srikanth
2. INTRODUCTION
A Battery convert chemical energy into the electrical
energy.
The invention of the first battery in 1800 by
Alessandro volta.
Batteries have become a common power source for
many household and many industrial application.
3. Symbolic conventional
view battery
(Electrons flow from the negative terminal
towards the positive terminal )
4. .
Batteries Based on three types
Based on the rechargeable nature :-
1.Non rechargeable or primary cells
2.rechargeable or secondary cells
Based on the size :-
1.Miniature batteries
2.Industrial batteries
Based on nature of electrolyte:-
1.Dry cell
2.Wet cell
5. Principle of operation of cell
A battery is a device that converts chemical energy
directly to electrical energy.
It consists of a number of voltaic cells.
Each voltaic cell consists of two half cells connected
in series by a conductive electrolyte containing anions
and cations.
7. PRIMARY BATTERY
This can produce current immediately on assembly
Disposable batteries are to be used once and discarded
These are most commonly used in portable devices
The used in:-
1. Alarm
2. Communication circuit
This primary battery not re charged
8. Common types of disposable batteries
1. Zince –carbon batteries
2. Alakine batteries
Primary cell
9. SECONDARY BATTERY
These batteries must be charged before use
secondary cells can be recharged by applying electric
current
which reverses the chemical reactions that occur
during its use.
11. Recent developments
Recent developments include batteries with embedded
functionality such as USBCELL
the battery to be charged by plugging into a USB port
without a charger
This battery produced by a company called Moixa
Energy
13. Life of battery
disposable (or "primary") batteries can lose 8 to 20
percent of their original charge.
A temperature of about 20 –30 C. This is known as
the "self-discharge" rate.
High or low temperatures may reduce battery
performance.
This will affect the initial voltage of the battery.
For an AA alkaline battery this initial voltage is
approximately normally around 1.6 volts.
15. Hazards related to batteries
1) Explosion :-A battery explosion is caused by the
misuse or malfunction of a battery or short circuiting a
battery.
2) Corrosion :-Many battery chemicals are corrosive,
poisonous, or both the chemicals released may be
dangerous.
3) Environmental pollution :-
The widespread use of batteries has created many
environmental concerns, such as toxic metal pollution.
Used batteries also contribute to electronic waste.
Americans purchase nearly three billion batteries annually
18. PAPER BATTERY
A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage
and production device formed by combining carbon
nano tube with a conventional sheet of cellulose-
based paper.
Paper batteries may be folded, cut or otherwise
shaped for different applications without any loss of
integrity or efficiency.
the device are able to produce 2.5 volts of electricity
from a sample the size of a postage stamp.
In paper batteries can between -75 and 150 degrees
Celsius.
21. FABRICATION OF PAPER
BATTERY
The materials required for the preparation of paper
battery are
a. Copier paper
b. Carbon nano ink
c. Oven
22. The steps involved in the preparation of the paper
battery are as follows :-
Step 1: The copier paper is taken.
Step 2: carbon Nano ink which is black in color is taken.
Carbon nano ink is a solution of nano rods, surface adhesive
agent and ionic salt solutions. Carbon nano ink is spread on
one side of the paper.
23. Step 3: the paper is kept inside the oven at 150C
temperature. This evaporates the water content on the paper.
The paper and the nano rods get attached to each other.
Step 4: place the multi meter on the sides of the paper and
we can see voltage drop is generated.
25. WORKING OF PAPER
BATTERY
The battery produces electricity in the same way as
the conventional lithium-ion batteries
The devices are formed by combining cellulose with
an infusion of aligned carbon nano tubes.
The carbon gives the batteries their black color .
27. LIMITATIONS
Carbon nano tubes are very expensive, and batteries
with large enough power are unlikely to be cost
effective.
Cutting of trees leading to destroying of the nature.
28. APPLICATIONS
Pace makers in heart (uses blood
as electrolyte)
Used as alternate to conventional
batteries in gadgets
29. Powered smart cards RF id tags
Smart toys, children
sound books
E-cards, greetings, talking
posters