The document summarizes a paper battery, which is an ultra-thin, flexible energy storage device made by combining carbon nanotubes with paper. A paper battery functions as both a battery and supercapacitor. It has advantages over traditional lithium-ion batteries such as being thinner, more flexible, and operating over a wider temperature range. The document describes the components and construction of the paper battery, including how carbon nanotubes are used as electrodes and different materials are layered and bonded with paper to store and release energy. Potential applications include powering small electronics or medical devices.

1. PAPER
BATTERY
Presented By
Anbarasu.A
Pre Final year EEE
Excel College of Engineering and Technology
Komarapalayam-637303.
EE 2357-Presentation Skills and Technical Seminar
Laboratory

2.  A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and
production device formed by combining carbon nanotube with
a conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper.
WHAT IS A PAPER
BATTERY?
 A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and super-
capacitor , combining two components that are separate in
traditional electronics .

3. GENERAL Li-ION BATTERY
 Generally Li-ion re-chargeable batteries are used in
mobiles, laptops and most of the electronic devices.
 During discharge and charging, lithium ions Li+
carry the current from the negative to the positive
electrode and vice-versa respectively, through the
non-aqueous electrolyte .
 3 primary functional component of Li-ion battery are:
1. -ve electrode(graphite)
2. +ve electrode(cobalt oxide)
3.electrolyte( lithium salt in organic solvent)

4. Disadvantages of Li-Ion
• EXPENSIVE -- 40% more than NiCd.
• DELICATE -- battery temp must be
monitored from within (which raises the
price), and sealed particularly well.
• REGULATIONS -- when shipping Li-Ion
batteries in bulk (which also raises the
price).
Class 9 miscellaneous hazardous material

5. WHY TO USE PAPER BATTERY?
 Ultra-thin size & flexible structure.
 Exhibits property of super-capacitor(22F-36F per
gram)
 Operating temperature (-75 to 100 degree Celsius)
 Provide both long-term, steady power production and
bursts of energy.
 Cost-effective.

6. CARBON NANOTUBES
 Carbon nanotube is the main concept behind paper battery
 Carbon nanotube (CNTs; also known as buckytubes)
are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure. Allotropes
are different structural modifications of an element
CNTs exhibit extraordinary strength and
unique electrical properties, and are efficient thermal conductors.
 The diameter of a nanotube is on the order of a few
nanometres Their name is derived from their long, hollow structure
with the walls formed by one-atom-thick sheets of carbon, called
graphene.

7. Graphene structure
Rolled at angle
CARBON NANOTUBE
Spinning Carbon Nanotube

8. CONSTRUCTION OF PAPER
BATTERY
 CNT thin films were coated onto stainless steel (SS)
substrates with a solution based process.
 The concentration of CNT is 1.7 mg/mL.
 A dried film with a thickness of 2 micrometer was
formed after drying the CNT ink on the SS substrate
at 80 °C for 5 min. This film is then peeled off from
substrate. These films act as electrodes of paper battery.
 One film is pasted to electrolyte LTO (Li4Ti5O12) and
the other film is pasted to electrolyte LCO (LiCoO2).
 Paper is sandwiched between two electrolytes LTO
and LCO with PVDF(poly vinylidene fluoride) acting as
glue.

9. CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE

10. MICROSCOPIC VIEW OF LAYERS

11. STRUCTURE OF PAPER
BATTERY

12. WORKING
 Traditional Batteries produce electrons through a chemical reaction
between electrolyte and metal.
 While a conventional battery contains a number of separate
components, the paper battery integrates all of the battery components in
a single structure, making it more energy efficient.
 paper battery produces electrons due to the interaction of
electrolytes LTO & LCO.
 Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the battery and flow
along a connected wire to the positive terminal during discharging.
 Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive terminal for
the chemical reaction to continue.

13.  The flexible battery can function even if it is rolled up, folded or
cut.
ADVANTAGES
 We can get 2.5 volts of electricity from a sample the size of a
postage stamp.
 "If we stack 500 sheets together in a ream, that's 500 times
the voltage. If we rip the paper in half we cut power by 50%. So
we can control the power and voltage issue."
 Because the battery consists mainly of paper and carbon, it
could be used to power pacemakers within the body where
conventional batteries pose a toxic threat.

14. APPLICATIONS

15. Paper battery offers future power
The black piece of paper can power a small light.
 Flexible paper batteries could meet the energy demands of
the next generation of gadgets.
The ambition is to produce reams of paper that could one
day power a car.
The paper battery was a glimpse into the future of power
storage.