The document summarizes a technical seminar on paper batteries. It describes how paper batteries are made by combining carbon nanotubes with cellulose paper and an ionic liquid electrolyte. Paper batteries function as both batteries and supercapacitors by storing energy through chemical reactions between the electrolyte and carbon nanotubes. Applications include powering small electronics, medical devices, and potentially automobiles in the future.

1. A
TECHNICAL SEMINAR
ON
PAPER
BATTERY
PRESENTED BY:
P.RAGHUNATHA REDDY,
11F31AO220.
3/26/2015 1DEPT. OF EEE

2. Cellulose Paper
+ Nano-technology
An Overview of the battery technology that
powers our mobile society.
___________________________
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3/26/2015 2DEPT. OF EEE

3. INTRODUCTION
• The creation of the paper battery drew from a diverse pool
of disciplines, requiring expertise in materials science, energy
storage and chemistry.
• In august 2007, a research team at Rensselear polytechnic
Institute developed the paper battery,
also known as Nano composite paper.
3/26/2015 3DEPT. OF EEE

4. GENERAL Li-ION
BATTERY Generally Li-ion re-chargeable batteries are used in mobiles,
laptops and most of the electronic devices.
 3 primary functional component of Li-ion battery are:
1. -ve electrode(graphite)
2. +ve electrode(cobalt oxide)
3.electrolyte( lithium salt in organic solvent)
 During discharge and charging, lithium ions Li+ carry the current
from the negative to the positive electrode and vice-versa
respectively, through the non-aqueous electrolyte .
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5. A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and
production device formed by combining carbon nanotube with a
conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper.
A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and super-
capacitor , combining two components that are separate in
traditional electronics .
WHAT IS A PAPER BATTERY?
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6. Battery Chemistry
Electrochemical reaction - a chemical reaction between
elements which creates electrons.
Oxidation occurs on the metals (“electrodes”), which creates the
electrons.
Electrons are transferred down the pile via the saltwater paper
(the “electrolyte”).
A charge is introduced at one pole, which builds as it moves
down the pile.
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7. • It is a hybrid energy storage device that
combines characteristics of batteries and
super capacitors.
• It takes the high energy storage capacity
of the battery and the high energy density of
the super capacitor which producing bursts
of extreme power.
What is Nanocomposite paper
3/26/2015 7DEPT. OF EEE

8. Materials and Description
This energy storage device is based on two basic,
inexpensive materials:
 carbon nanotubes
 and cellulose.
Also an ionic liquid provides the third component:
 electrolyte.
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9. How it is made
• To create this paper we have to first dissolve the cellulose in
the ionic liquid and then infiltrate the cellulose paper with
aligned carbon nanotubes which form the uniform film.
• Then it is solidified on dry ice, after this it is soaked in
ethanol to remove the ionic liquid and dried in a vacuum,
which gives us our final product: Nanocomposite paper.
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10. BLOCK D IAGRAM
3/26/2015 10DEPT. OF EEE

11. A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin
energy storage and production device
formed by combining carbon nanotube s
with a conventional sheet of cellulose-
based paper.
A paper battery acts as both a high-
energy battery and super capacitor ,
combining two components that are
separate in traditional electronics .
PAPER BATTERY:
3/26/2015 11DEPT. OF EEE

12. WHAT IS A CARBON NANOTUBE?
 A carbon nanotube is a tube-shaped
material, made of carbon, having a diameter
measuring on the nanometer scale.
 Carbon Nanotubes have many structures,
differing in length, thickness, and in the type
of helicity and number of layers.
 Although they are formed from essentially
the same graphite sheet, their electrical
characteristics differ depending on these
variations, acting either as metals or as
semiconductors.
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13.  Carbon Nanotubes can be categorized by their structures:
 Single-wall Nanotubes (SWNT)
 Multi-wall Nanotubes (MWNT)
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14. • While a conventional battery contains a number of
separate components, the paper battery integrates all of the
battery components in a single structure, making it more
energy efficient, Integrated devices.
• The battery contains carbon nanotubes, each about one
millionth of a centimeter thick, which act as an electrode.
The nanotubes are embedded in a sheet of paper soaked in
ionic liquid electrolytes, which conduct the electricity.
How a paper battery works?
3/26/2015 14DEPT. OF EEE

15. • Electricity is the flow of electrical power or electrons
• Batteries produce electrons through a chemical reaction
between electrolyte and metal in the traditional battery.
• Chemical reaction in the paper battery is between
electrolyte and carbon nanotubes.
• Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the battery and
flow along a connected wire to the positive terminal.
• Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive
terminal for the chemical reaction to continue.
3/26/2015 15DEPT. OF EEE

16. • The flexible battery can function even if it is rolled up,
folded or cut.
• "If we stack 500 sheets together in a ream, that's 500
times the voltage. If we rip the paper in half we cut
power by 50%. So we can control the power and
voltage issue."
• Because the battery consists mainly of paper and
carbon, it could be used to power pacemakers within
the body where conventional batteries pose a toxic
threat.
• “We wouldn't want the ionic liquid electrolytes in our
body, but it works without them that is we can implant a
piece of paper in the body and blood would serve as an
electrolyte."
3/26/2015 16DEPT. OF EEE

17. APPLICATIONS
3/26/2015 17DEPT. OF EEE

18. Paper battery offers future power
The black piece of paper can power a small light.
 Flexible paper batteries could meet the energy demands of
the next generation of gadgets.
The ambition is to produce reams of paper that could one
day power a car.
The paper battery was a glimpse into the future of power
storage.
 The versatile paper, which stores energy like a conventional
battery, can also double as a capacitor capable of releasing
sudden energy Bursts for high-power applications.3/26/2015 18DEPT. OF EEE

19. CONCLUSION
• This energy storage device is cost-effective because
the device can be able to be used in the smallest and
most diversely designed electronics. Such as cell
phones, mp3 players and medical equipment.
• The researchers say that it can also be used in
automobiles and aircraft. But it has a poor processibility,
being that it is particularly insoluble of infusible. Lastly,
the use of ionic liquid makes the device environmentally
friendly; a major concern in nanotechnology.
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