This document discusses organizational behavior and the nature of attitudes. It defines attitudes as persistent tendencies to feel and behave in a certain way towards some object. Attitudes have three components - emotional, informational, and behavioral. They serve important functions like adjustment, ego defense, value expression, and knowledge. While personality traits are fixed, attitudes can be changed through approaches like providing new information, resolving discrepancies, influencing friends, and co-opting people to work towards changing dissatisfaction to satisfaction. Barriers to changing attitudes include prior commitment and insufficient information.

1. OrganizationalOrganizational
BehaviorBehavior
MADE BY TALHA JALAL
BBA 7th

2. • The Nature & Dimensions Of Attitude
Topic

3. Personality & Attitude
Personality :
 Personality & Attitude are both complex congnitive oriented
processes.
 Difference is that personality is thought of as the whole person.
 Whereas traits and attitude may be thought of as making up the
personality.
Attitude:
 The term attitude is frequently used in describing people and
explain their behavior.
 It is also define as a persistent tendency to feel and behave in a
particular way toward some object.

4. For Example:
George does not like working the night shift.
He has a negative attitude towards his work assignment.

5. Characteristics of Attitude
Attitude can be characterized into three ways.
1. They tends to persist unless something is done to change
them.
2. Attitude can be fall anywhere along a continuum from very
favorable to very unfavorable.
3. Attitudes are directed towards some object about which a
person has feelings. Sometime called “Affect”.

6. Components of Attitude
Attitude can be broken down into three basic components.
1) Emotional:
 It involves the persons’s feelings and affect, positive,
neutral or negative about an object.
 In the feild of OB the emotions are given attentions as a
type of Intelligence.
Positive: Like a customer service representatives.
Neutral: Like an academic administrator.
Negative: Like a Police officer & Public Servant.

7. 2) Informational:
It consist of a person’s beliefs and
information the individual has about the object.
For example:
A supervisor may believe that two weeks of training is
necessary before a worker can effectively conduct a
particular process. In reality , the average worker may
be able to perform successfully after only four days of
training.
The information the supervisor is using ( two week
training is necessory ) is the key to his attitude about
training.

8. 3) Behavioral:
It consist of a person’s tendencies to behave
in a particular way towards an object.
For example:
The supervisor in the preceding paragraph
may assign two weeks of training to all his new people.

9. Functions of Attitude
Attitude serve four important functions in this process:
1) Adjustment Function:
› It help people adjust to their work enviornment.
› Employees who are well treated having positive attitude.
› Employees who are berated and given minimal salary having
negative attitude towards org and its mgt.
› These attitude help employees adjust to their enviornment.
2) The Ego-Defensive Funtion:
› Beside helping employees adjust, attitude also help them
defend their self-image.

10. 3) The Value –Expressive Function:
› Attitude provide people with a basis for expressing their
values.
For example:
A supervisor who wants a subordinate to work harder might
put it in this way.
“ You’ve got to work harder. Thats been the traditon of the
company since it founded”
in this case attitude serve as a basis for expressing one’s
central values.
4) The Knowledge Function:
Attitudes help supply standards and frame of reference that
allow people to organize and explain the world around them.

11. Changing Attitudes
Unlike the personality traits, employees attitudes can be readily changed,
and sometime it is in the best interest of management to try to do so.
Sometime attitude change is difficult to accomplish bcz of certain barriers.
1- Barriers to Changing Attitude:
There are two basic barriers that can prevent people from changing their
attitudes.
1- Prior Commitment
( Commitment to a particular course of action)
2- Insufficient Information
(some time people do not see any reason to change their attitude)
2- Provide new information:
Fortunately, there are ways in which the barriers can be overcome
and attitude can be changed.
(e.g promotion of workers)

12. 3- Use of fear:
A second way of changing attitudes is through the use of fear. Some
researcher have found that fear can cause some people to change
their attitudes.
4- Resolving Discrepancies:
Atitude can be change by resolving discrepencies between
attitude and behavior
5- Influence of friends or peers:
6- The Co-opting Approach:
Involving people to work towards changing dissatisfaction to
satisfaction.

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MADE BY TALHA JALAL
BBA 7th