The document summarizes early signs and symptoms of AIDS, oral manifestations of HIV, and concludes with the importance of early testing. Early signs may include brief flu-like symptoms appearing 2-4 weeks after infection. As the virus destroys immune cells over years, mild infections and chronic symptoms develop, including swollen lymph nodes, diarrhea, weight loss and fever. Late-stage AIDS is marked by opportunistic infections causing symptoms like night sweats, cough, diarrhea and oral lesions. Oral manifestations include fungal, viral and bacterial lesions as well as neoplastic lesions like Kaposi's sarcoma. Early testing is key to stopping the spread of HIV and improving survival.

1. ‫الرحيم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫ال‬ ‫بسم‬
Early signs and symptoms of
AIDS (Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome)
Oral manifestation of HIV

2. Early signs and symptoms of AIDS
• Once HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) enters
human body, the immune system comes under
attack.
• The virus multiplies in the lymph nodes and slowly
begins to destroy helper T cells (CD4 lymphocytes) —
the white blood cells that coordinate the entire
immune system after that there will be signs and
symptoms.

3. Early signs and symptoms of AIDS

4. Early infection
-brief flu-like illness.
-Signs & symptoms may appear after 2 - 4 weeks
after becoming infected.
• Fever
• Headache
• Sore throat
• Swollen lymph glands
• Skin Rash

5. Later infection
The person may remain symptom-free for eight or
nine years or more. But as the virus continues to
multiply and destroy immune cells, mild infections or
chronic symptoms will appear:
• Swollen lymph nodes — often one of the first signs
of HIV infection
• Diarrhea
• Weight loss
• Fever
• Cough and shortness of breath

6. Latest phase of infection
By the time AIDS develops the immune system has been severely
damaged, making the body susceptible to opportunistic infections.
• Soaking night sweats
• Shaking chills or fever higher than 100 F (38 C) for several weeks
• Dry cough and shortness of breath
• Chronic diarrhea
• Persistent white spots or unusual lesions on the tongue or in the
mouth
• Headaches
• Blurred and distorted vision
• Weight loss
• Fatigue
• shaking chills

7. Oral manifestation of HIV

8. Fungal lesions
• Candidiasis
• Histoplasmosis
• Cryptococcus Neoformans

9. Viral lesions
• Herpes Simplex
• Herpes Zoster
• Human Papillomavirus Lesions
• Cytomegalovirus
• Hairy Leukoplakia and Epstein-Barr Virus

10. BACTERIAL LESIONS
• Periodontal Disease
• MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM-INTRACELLULARE

11. NEOPLASTIC LESIONS
• Kaposi's Sarcoma
• LYMPHOMA

12. OTHER ORAL LESIONS ASSOCIATED WITH
HIV DISEASE
• Oral Ulceration
• Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
• Salivary Gland Disease and Xerostomia

13. conclusion
• Doctors, dentists, nurses, etc. should also
have frequent AIDS tests.
• Early testing is essential to stop the spread of
the disease and for person survival.

14. References
- HIV In Site Knowledge Base Chapter
June 1998 Deborah Greenspan, DSC, BDS, University
of California San Francisco.
http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=kb-04-01-14
- http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hiv-
aids/DS00005/DSECTION=symptoms

15. Thanks