Corticosteroids are very similar to Steroid hormones produced naturally in Adrenal Cortex of humans.
Protein, Carbohydrates and Fat metabolism, maintenance of fluid electrolytes and adapting the body to stress.
Corticosteroids are antinflammatory, analgesics, effective on ulceration promotes the healing of nerve injuries.
Oral Sub-mucus Fibrosis, Central Giant Cell Granuloma, Lichen Planus (for 5 min, 0.5% application of Clobetasol Propionates with Nystatin) in a Gingival Tray.
Bullous and Mucous Pemphigoid, Melkerson Rosenthal syndrome, Bell's Palsy, Post-Herpetic neuralgia.
2. • Corticosteroids drugs, fall under category of
steroid hormones that are produced naturally in
the adrenal cortex of humans.
• They are similar to endogenous cortisol which is
important in protein, carbohydrate and fat
metabolism, maintenance of fluid electrolytes and
adapting the body to stress.
3. STRUCTURE OF ADRENAL
CORTEX
• OUTER – Zona Glomerulosa – produce
mineralocorticoids: aldosterone
• MIDDLE – Zona Fasciculata – produce
glucocorticoids: cortisol
• INNER – Zona Reticularis – produce sex
hormones: testosterone
4.
5. • There are principal steroids is :
• Glucocorticoids: Affects carbohydrate,
protein, and fat metabolism.
• Mineralocorticoids: Affects Na + , K + , and
fluid balance.
• Sex hormones
6. • The normal secretion rate of the principal
corticoids in human is:
• Hydrocortisone: 10-20 mg daily (nearly half
of this is in the few morning hours).
• Aldosterone: 0.125 mg daily
• Dehydroepiandosterone : 30 mg/day
• Corticosterone : 2 mg/day
7.
8. ANTI-INFLAMMATORYAND ANALGESIC
ACTION OF CORTICOSTEROIDS
• They affect the functions of endothelial cells,
mast cells and monocytes decreasing the
release of proteolytic enzymes and
inflammatory mediators, suppressing the
inflammatory processes.
• It exhibits analgesic effect by inhibiting
prostaglandin synthesis.
9.
10. APPLICATION IN ORAL SURGERY
• In the prevention of postoperative pain /
trismus / edema / inflammation.
• Topically for preventing ulceration on
operated site
• Corticosteroids promote the healing of nerve
injuries following compression or trauma.
11. AFTER THIRD MOLAR SURGERY
• Corticosteroids exert anti -
inflammatory action, reducing
liquid transudation and oedema
formation, decreasing cell exudates,
inhibiting vascular dilatation and
reducing fibrin deposit around the
inflamed area.
• They inhibit the leukocyte
chemotaxis , numerous chemical
inflammation mediators.
12. APPLICATION IN ENDODONTICS
• Ledermix - An antibiotic/corticosteroid
combination – is used for vital pulp dressing
and as a root canal medicament.
13. • Zinc oxide eugenol along with steroids is also
used as root canal sealer.
• Steroids along with chloramphenicol reduces
postoperative thermal sensitivity.
14. APPLICATION IN ORAL MEDICINE
• In Oral sub-mucous fibrosis – applied topically as a
mucosal patch for ulcerative or painful mucosa.
• In central giant cell granuloma - Topically,
triamcinolone acetonide is applied.
• Lichen planus– 5 minute application of 0.05%
clobetasol propionate with nystatin in a gingival
tray.
• Bullous and mucous membrane pemphigoid
22. With long and high dose Systemic
Administration
• Suppression of hypothalamus pituitary axis
• Cushing syndrome
• Hypertension
• Buffalo hump
• Diabetes
• Skin fragility
• Moon face
26. USE IN CHILDREN
• As a general rule, steroids should be avoided in
growing children.
• However, the child with recurrent severe aphthae
would be poorly managed without addressing the
individual lesions.
• Controlled and intermittent use of a medium
potency GC is often the treatment of choice.
• Compliance and application require careful
monitoring.
28. To book an appmt. contact
Dr.Rajat Sachdeva
Dr Sachdeva’s Dental
Aesthetic & Implant
Institute
I 101, Ashok Vihar Phase 1,
Delhi- 110052
Contact us at
Phone : +919818894041
01142464041