The document provides an overview of agricultural economics. It discusses key concepts like the definition and scope of agricultural economics, global trends in agricultural supply, and theories related to agricultural development and the role of agriculture in economic development. It also outlines the course, which covers important concepts, demand and supply mechanisms for agricultural products, government intervention in agriculture, and challenges and opportunities for Cambodian agriculture.
1. The document discusses solutions to meeting the rising global demand for food by 2050, including innovation, increasing choice, and facilitating global trade.
2. It notes that 70% of additional food needed by 2050 must come from efficiency-improving technology and that trade can help provide sustainable, affordable food to countries that cannot produce enough.
3. Consumer research findings are presented showing that while some are concerned with technology in food, most prioritize choice and cost, and attitudes can change when technologies offer benefits like safe, affordable food.
Agricultural transformation and rural development chapter6Elyas Khan
The document discusses agricultural transformation and rural development. It outlines topics like integrated rural development, the growth and stagnation of the agricultural sector since 1950, characteristics of agrarian systems in different world regions, economics of peasant subsistence agriculture and transition to commercial farming, land reform and land markets, and the role of women in agriculture. It also examines the distribution of farms and farmland, the structure of agrarian systems, economics of agricultural development including the transition from subsistence to commercial farming, incentives under sharecropping systems, and the need for and impact of land reforms.
Rethinking agricultural development,the caribbeanDebbie-Ann Hall
This document summarizes the evolution of thinking around agricultural development and reviews agricultural development strategies in the Caribbean. It traces how development thinking shifted from prioritizing industrialization to recognizing agriculture's role in economic growth. While early strategies in the Caribbean focused on import substitution and export crops, recognition is growing that agricultural development is essential for food security, economic growth, and poverty reduction. The challenges now are to craft new strategies that boost domestic food production through improved policies, infrastructure, research, and support for small farmers.
IFPRI Director General Shenggen Fan presentation on “Enhancing the Profitability of Family Farms” at the Asia-Pacific Regional Consultation on the “Role of Family Farming in the 21st Century: Achieving the Zero Hunger Challenges by 2025 organized by M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation’s in Chennai, India in August 2014
This looks at the likely economic challenges for sustainable agriculture in Europe and the UK over the next decade or so, and makes suggestions for business approaches and policy which could help the sector to respond positively
Presentation: The role of agriculture in the development process. Maputo, Moz...UNU-WIDER
The document discusses the role of agriculture in development processes based on perspectives from development literature and international experiences over the past 25-30 years. It notes that while agriculture traditionally played a passive role, more recent evidence shows it can play an active role in supporting industrialization and structural transformation if agricultural growth induces urban-industrial growth. However, many countries in Africa failed to successfully transform due to various challenges. The global context today faces three major crises - finance, food, and climate change - which impact the role of agriculture. In Mozambique, agriculture's contribution to GDP decreased from 1997-2001 but has since stabilized.
Jim Woodhill, Principal Sector Specialist, Food Security and Rural Development, AusAID, presented at the UNAA Victoria Global Food Security & Sustainable Agriculture Seminar held on Tuesday 29 October in Melbourne.
Held in support of the United Nations Zero Hunger Challenge, in partnership with NAB and the University of Melbourne, this seminar was part of the UNAA Sustainability Leadership Series and sought to build momentum for collective action on food security and sustainable agriculture post Rio +20.
Bringing together experts and practitioners from government, business, civil society, farmers' organisations, research and academia, the seminar sought to provide a platform for shared learning and discussion on Australia's role in addressing the global food security challenge and advancing sustainable agricultural practices.
It highlighted the challenges and opportunities that Australian government, businesses, and NGOs face as they contribute to developing and promoting sustainable food supply chains that increase food production, preserve natural resources and fight hunger at the local, national and global level.
For more information about this seminar and the UNAA Sustainability Leadeship Series please visit www.unaavictoria.org.au/education-advocacy/masterclasses/
The document provides an overview of agricultural economics. It discusses key concepts like the definition and scope of agricultural economics, global trends in agricultural supply, and theories related to agricultural development and the role of agriculture in economic development. It also outlines the course, which covers important concepts, demand and supply mechanisms for agricultural products, government intervention in agriculture, and challenges and opportunities for Cambodian agriculture.
1. The document discusses solutions to meeting the rising global demand for food by 2050, including innovation, increasing choice, and facilitating global trade.
2. It notes that 70% of additional food needed by 2050 must come from efficiency-improving technology and that trade can help provide sustainable, affordable food to countries that cannot produce enough.
3. Consumer research findings are presented showing that while some are concerned with technology in food, most prioritize choice and cost, and attitudes can change when technologies offer benefits like safe, affordable food.
Agricultural transformation and rural development chapter6Elyas Khan
The document discusses agricultural transformation and rural development. It outlines topics like integrated rural development, the growth and stagnation of the agricultural sector since 1950, characteristics of agrarian systems in different world regions, economics of peasant subsistence agriculture and transition to commercial farming, land reform and land markets, and the role of women in agriculture. It also examines the distribution of farms and farmland, the structure of agrarian systems, economics of agricultural development including the transition from subsistence to commercial farming, incentives under sharecropping systems, and the need for and impact of land reforms.
Rethinking agricultural development,the caribbeanDebbie-Ann Hall
This document summarizes the evolution of thinking around agricultural development and reviews agricultural development strategies in the Caribbean. It traces how development thinking shifted from prioritizing industrialization to recognizing agriculture's role in economic growth. While early strategies in the Caribbean focused on import substitution and export crops, recognition is growing that agricultural development is essential for food security, economic growth, and poverty reduction. The challenges now are to craft new strategies that boost domestic food production through improved policies, infrastructure, research, and support for small farmers.
IFPRI Director General Shenggen Fan presentation on “Enhancing the Profitability of Family Farms” at the Asia-Pacific Regional Consultation on the “Role of Family Farming in the 21st Century: Achieving the Zero Hunger Challenges by 2025 organized by M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation’s in Chennai, India in August 2014
This looks at the likely economic challenges for sustainable agriculture in Europe and the UK over the next decade or so, and makes suggestions for business approaches and policy which could help the sector to respond positively
Presentation: The role of agriculture in the development process. Maputo, Moz...UNU-WIDER
The document discusses the role of agriculture in development processes based on perspectives from development literature and international experiences over the past 25-30 years. It notes that while agriculture traditionally played a passive role, more recent evidence shows it can play an active role in supporting industrialization and structural transformation if agricultural growth induces urban-industrial growth. However, many countries in Africa failed to successfully transform due to various challenges. The global context today faces three major crises - finance, food, and climate change - which impact the role of agriculture. In Mozambique, agriculture's contribution to GDP decreased from 1997-2001 but has since stabilized.
Jim Woodhill, Principal Sector Specialist, Food Security and Rural Development, AusAID, presented at the UNAA Victoria Global Food Security & Sustainable Agriculture Seminar held on Tuesday 29 October in Melbourne.
Held in support of the United Nations Zero Hunger Challenge, in partnership with NAB and the University of Melbourne, this seminar was part of the UNAA Sustainability Leadership Series and sought to build momentum for collective action on food security and sustainable agriculture post Rio +20.
Bringing together experts and practitioners from government, business, civil society, farmers' organisations, research and academia, the seminar sought to provide a platform for shared learning and discussion on Australia's role in addressing the global food security challenge and advancing sustainable agricultural practices.
It highlighted the challenges and opportunities that Australian government, businesses, and NGOs face as they contribute to developing and promoting sustainable food supply chains that increase food production, preserve natural resources and fight hunger at the local, national and global level.
For more information about this seminar and the UNAA Sustainability Leadeship Series please visit www.unaavictoria.org.au/education-advocacy/masterclasses/
2030 Vision for the Global Food System: Implications for IndiaThe World Bank
What is India's role in a productive and resilient food system that can help feed the world? A plenary presentation at the 12th Agricultural Science Congress, Karnal, India.
Ms. Deborah Perkins - Financial Impact of Tomorrow's Trends on Animal Agricul...John Blue
This document discusses the impact of emerging technologies on the animal agriculture industry from a financier's perspective. It notes that population growth, income growth, and urbanization are increasing global demand for food by over 40% by 2030 and 70% by 2050. However, agricultural productivity growth is declining while arable land is limited. New technologies that can increase yields and production efficiency in a sustainable way will be necessary to meet rising demand. Factors like access to innovation, sufficient scale of adoption, dedicated supply chains, and technologies that improve profitability will influence which technologies are commercially viable. The implications for financiers include needing to identify commercially successful technologies, anticipating increased capital and working capital needs from adoption, and managing risks that emerge
1. The global food system is facing challenges from rapid urbanization, changing diets, and environmental degradation while malnutrition persists.
2. Conflict is a key driver of hunger for 74 million people and famine risk is rising.
3. Rapid urbanization and growth of the middle class is changing diets and increasing pressure on food systems while the food industry expands globally.
Development of agricultural sector in bangladesh and its contribution in econ...Rakeeb Ashraf
This document discusses the development of Bangladesh's agricultural sector and its contribution to economic growth. It notes that agriculture makes up 30% of Bangladesh's GDP and employs 60% of the labor force. It then outlines several challenges facing Bangladesh's agricultural sector, including the loss of arable land, population growth, climate change, insufficient credit for farmers, and unfair produce prices. It analyzes these challenges and proposes solutions such as developing climate-resilient crops, encouraging farmers' cooperatives, and improving water conservation. The overall goal is to sustainably intensify and diversify agricultural production to meet nutritional needs amid population growth.
Oecd 2014 material resources policy highlights webOECD Environment
Establishing a resource efficient economy is central to achieving green growth. It involves improving resource productivity and putting in place policies that ensure a sustainable resource and materials management building on the principle of the 3Rs — reduce, reuse and recycle, and encouraging more sustainable consumption patterns.
Agricultural Transformation and Rural Developmentguestf494e5
The document discusses agricultural development and rural transformation. It covers several topics:
1) More than half the world's population lives in rural areas facing poverty, inequality, unemployment and rapid population growth. Integrated rural development strategies are needed to address these issues.
2) Agriculture employs most of the labor force in developing countries but accounts for a small portion of GDP. Agricultural productivity has increased in some countries but declined in others like Africa.
3) Agrarian systems and agricultural development stages vary around the world. Recommended policies include improving small farmer productivity, rural non-farm employment, and equitable access to technology and credit.
The Role of agriculture in economic development - in TanzaniaElisha Magolanga
Agriculture continues to provide livelihood for about 80% of the labour force despite the trends towards income diversification and urbanization (Bryceson 1999; GoT 2011). The majority of farmers are smallholders who rely on traditional methods in cultivation and livestock-keeping. The average farm size is less than two hectares per household. Since the mid-1980s, the growth in domestic food production has lagged behind the population growth which has been over 2.5% annually. Especially the per capita production of fresh vegetables, roots and tubers has declined while wheat imports have grown manifold (Haapanen, 2011).
Agricultural Sector in District Anantnag of J&K: A Shift from Producer to Con...ijtsrd
The district Anantnag right from its inception is known as the major supplier of agricultural produce, because major portion of population of the district comprised of rural areas and were involved in agricultural activities as their main source of income. The non-seriousness of authorities has forced the agricultural section of society to look for some other options. Within a short span of time rice and maize the major crops were replaced by fruit and willow plantation at a larger scale. This shift to new plantation has proved very beneficial as compared to other crops. Kashmiri apple has become very popular throughout the country. Its high demand has really opened the new ways of development. Similarly the willow cricket bats of Kashmir have earned the world reputation. The new module to a certain extent has revived the trade links of Kashmir. One the one hand it has proved to be fruitful business but on the other it has started to bring miseries in shortage of food and very soon people have to face the severe crisis of food. The food at present is procured from other parts of country. During earlier times people were producers, but at present they have become consumers. The authorities have never tried to improve the quality of main crops of valley that resulted in its decline. Dr. Syed Damsaz Ali Andrabi | Dr. Mohd. Yousuf Bhat"Agricultural Sector in District Anantnag of J&K: A Shift from Producer to Consumer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-4 , June 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2218.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/2218/agricultural-sector-in-district-anantnag-of-jandk-a-shift-from-producer-to-consumer/dr-syed-damsaz-ali-andrabi
Agricultural economics combines technical agricultural aspects with business principles of management, marketing, and finance. It originally focused on maximizing crop and livestock yields while maintaining soil health but has expanded significantly. Agricultural economics studies optimal resource allocation for farmers and can be traced back to land economics. It remains an important part of India's economy, accounting for around 18% of GDP and providing livelihoods for many. However, Indian agriculture faces challenges including monsoon dependence, population pressure on land, and structural deficiencies.
The document summarizes several key agricultural problems facing India:
- India has low crop yields for many commodities compared to other countries despite being a large producer, due to factors like reliance on rainfed agriculture and lack of infrastructure.
- The country's agricultural sector is heavily dependent on monsoons, leading to volatility in growth.
- India has a low share of global agricultural export markets compared to its production levels.
- Many Indian farmers face debt, financial distress, and some have even resorted to suicide due to issues like small land holdings and lack of income stability.
- Reforms are needed to boost productivity, support small farmers, and modernize agricultural practices.
This document discusses farmers' suicide in India. It provides statistics showing that over 296,466 farmer suicides occurred from 2003-2014, with the highest rates in Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Bihar. Common factors for suicide include financial indebtedness, climate change impacts, and being small-scale farmers with low incomes. Major causes identified are bankruptcy (39%), family problems (12%), farming issues (19%), and illness (10%). Preventive measures proposed include agricultural extensions, financial literacy, alternative livelihoods, and various stakeholder roles in support of farmers.
Research focus of Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR)ILRI
Presented by Fentahun Mengistu, EIAR, at the Ethiopia - CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) Country Collaboration and Site Integration Meeting, Addis Ababa, 11 December 2015
This document discusses reflections on food security in Uzbekistan from a World Bank agriculture economist. It notes that household farms occupy a small percentage of land but produce over 60% of agricultural output, with value added per hectare much higher than private farms or agricultural enterprises. It also shows that cotton and wheat production receive most subsidies and use of water and fertilizer. The document suggests improving efficiency by eliminating distortive subsidies, redefining food security beyond self-sufficiency, providing more flexible land use and input/output markets, and investing in technology and innovations.
Farmer's distress in India: Agricultural stats, Challenge 2050, status of Indian Farmers, Farmer's suicide, Immediate reasons for farmer's distress, Unsuspicious factors causing agrarian distress in long run
Integrating Precision Agriculture Technologies within Traditional Farming Pra...thapelochauke2
Precision Agriculture technologies offer solutions to improving agricultural yield, productivity, quality, and improve the social and economic wellbeing of the society.
2030 Vision for the Global Food System: Implications for IndiaThe World Bank
What is India's role in a productive and resilient food system that can help feed the world? A plenary presentation at the 12th Agricultural Science Congress, Karnal, India.
Ms. Deborah Perkins - Financial Impact of Tomorrow's Trends on Animal Agricul...John Blue
This document discusses the impact of emerging technologies on the animal agriculture industry from a financier's perspective. It notes that population growth, income growth, and urbanization are increasing global demand for food by over 40% by 2030 and 70% by 2050. However, agricultural productivity growth is declining while arable land is limited. New technologies that can increase yields and production efficiency in a sustainable way will be necessary to meet rising demand. Factors like access to innovation, sufficient scale of adoption, dedicated supply chains, and technologies that improve profitability will influence which technologies are commercially viable. The implications for financiers include needing to identify commercially successful technologies, anticipating increased capital and working capital needs from adoption, and managing risks that emerge
1. The global food system is facing challenges from rapid urbanization, changing diets, and environmental degradation while malnutrition persists.
2. Conflict is a key driver of hunger for 74 million people and famine risk is rising.
3. Rapid urbanization and growth of the middle class is changing diets and increasing pressure on food systems while the food industry expands globally.
Development of agricultural sector in bangladesh and its contribution in econ...Rakeeb Ashraf
This document discusses the development of Bangladesh's agricultural sector and its contribution to economic growth. It notes that agriculture makes up 30% of Bangladesh's GDP and employs 60% of the labor force. It then outlines several challenges facing Bangladesh's agricultural sector, including the loss of arable land, population growth, climate change, insufficient credit for farmers, and unfair produce prices. It analyzes these challenges and proposes solutions such as developing climate-resilient crops, encouraging farmers' cooperatives, and improving water conservation. The overall goal is to sustainably intensify and diversify agricultural production to meet nutritional needs amid population growth.
Oecd 2014 material resources policy highlights webOECD Environment
Establishing a resource efficient economy is central to achieving green growth. It involves improving resource productivity and putting in place policies that ensure a sustainable resource and materials management building on the principle of the 3Rs — reduce, reuse and recycle, and encouraging more sustainable consumption patterns.
Agricultural Transformation and Rural Developmentguestf494e5
The document discusses agricultural development and rural transformation. It covers several topics:
1) More than half the world's population lives in rural areas facing poverty, inequality, unemployment and rapid population growth. Integrated rural development strategies are needed to address these issues.
2) Agriculture employs most of the labor force in developing countries but accounts for a small portion of GDP. Agricultural productivity has increased in some countries but declined in others like Africa.
3) Agrarian systems and agricultural development stages vary around the world. Recommended policies include improving small farmer productivity, rural non-farm employment, and equitable access to technology and credit.
The Role of agriculture in economic development - in TanzaniaElisha Magolanga
Agriculture continues to provide livelihood for about 80% of the labour force despite the trends towards income diversification and urbanization (Bryceson 1999; GoT 2011). The majority of farmers are smallholders who rely on traditional methods in cultivation and livestock-keeping. The average farm size is less than two hectares per household. Since the mid-1980s, the growth in domestic food production has lagged behind the population growth which has been over 2.5% annually. Especially the per capita production of fresh vegetables, roots and tubers has declined while wheat imports have grown manifold (Haapanen, 2011).
Agricultural Sector in District Anantnag of J&K: A Shift from Producer to Con...ijtsrd
The district Anantnag right from its inception is known as the major supplier of agricultural produce, because major portion of population of the district comprised of rural areas and were involved in agricultural activities as their main source of income. The non-seriousness of authorities has forced the agricultural section of society to look for some other options. Within a short span of time rice and maize the major crops were replaced by fruit and willow plantation at a larger scale. This shift to new plantation has proved very beneficial as compared to other crops. Kashmiri apple has become very popular throughout the country. Its high demand has really opened the new ways of development. Similarly the willow cricket bats of Kashmir have earned the world reputation. The new module to a certain extent has revived the trade links of Kashmir. One the one hand it has proved to be fruitful business but on the other it has started to bring miseries in shortage of food and very soon people have to face the severe crisis of food. The food at present is procured from other parts of country. During earlier times people were producers, but at present they have become consumers. The authorities have never tried to improve the quality of main crops of valley that resulted in its decline. Dr. Syed Damsaz Ali Andrabi | Dr. Mohd. Yousuf Bhat"Agricultural Sector in District Anantnag of J&K: A Shift from Producer to Consumer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-4 , June 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2218.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/2218/agricultural-sector-in-district-anantnag-of-jandk-a-shift-from-producer-to-consumer/dr-syed-damsaz-ali-andrabi
Agricultural economics combines technical agricultural aspects with business principles of management, marketing, and finance. It originally focused on maximizing crop and livestock yields while maintaining soil health but has expanded significantly. Agricultural economics studies optimal resource allocation for farmers and can be traced back to land economics. It remains an important part of India's economy, accounting for around 18% of GDP and providing livelihoods for many. However, Indian agriculture faces challenges including monsoon dependence, population pressure on land, and structural deficiencies.
The document summarizes several key agricultural problems facing India:
- India has low crop yields for many commodities compared to other countries despite being a large producer, due to factors like reliance on rainfed agriculture and lack of infrastructure.
- The country's agricultural sector is heavily dependent on monsoons, leading to volatility in growth.
- India has a low share of global agricultural export markets compared to its production levels.
- Many Indian farmers face debt, financial distress, and some have even resorted to suicide due to issues like small land holdings and lack of income stability.
- Reforms are needed to boost productivity, support small farmers, and modernize agricultural practices.
This document discusses farmers' suicide in India. It provides statistics showing that over 296,466 farmer suicides occurred from 2003-2014, with the highest rates in Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Bihar. Common factors for suicide include financial indebtedness, climate change impacts, and being small-scale farmers with low incomes. Major causes identified are bankruptcy (39%), family problems (12%), farming issues (19%), and illness (10%). Preventive measures proposed include agricultural extensions, financial literacy, alternative livelihoods, and various stakeholder roles in support of farmers.
Research focus of Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR)ILRI
Presented by Fentahun Mengistu, EIAR, at the Ethiopia - CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) Country Collaboration and Site Integration Meeting, Addis Ababa, 11 December 2015
This document discusses reflections on food security in Uzbekistan from a World Bank agriculture economist. It notes that household farms occupy a small percentage of land but produce over 60% of agricultural output, with value added per hectare much higher than private farms or agricultural enterprises. It also shows that cotton and wheat production receive most subsidies and use of water and fertilizer. The document suggests improving efficiency by eliminating distortive subsidies, redefining food security beyond self-sufficiency, providing more flexible land use and input/output markets, and investing in technology and innovations.
Farmer's distress in India: Agricultural stats, Challenge 2050, status of Indian Farmers, Farmer's suicide, Immediate reasons for farmer's distress, Unsuspicious factors causing agrarian distress in long run
Integrating Precision Agriculture Technologies within Traditional Farming Pra...thapelochauke2
Precision Agriculture technologies offer solutions to improving agricultural yield, productivity, quality, and improve the social and economic wellbeing of the society.
GRF One Health Summit 2012, Davos: Presentation by Dr. Berhe Tekola - Director - Animal Production and Health - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO
Health Risks at the Human-Animal Ecosystem Interface - Where to Go from Here:...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document discusses health risks at the human-animal-ecosystem interface and proposes practical steps forward. It notes that 2012 presents opportunities to advance the "One Health" approach due to growing interest in pandemic preparedness, disaster risk reduction, and managing risks across economic, environmental and social systems. It recommends 10 practical steps, including starting with community experiences, bringing livestock into policies on poverty and food security, focusing on resilience to health risks at interfaces, and establishing an operational framework to guide investments in a sustainable multi-stakeholder process.
Leveraging Public-Private Partnerships in Surveillance, Enforcement and Preve...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
Global counterfeit drugs sold online pose a major public health risk. Unregulated internet pharmacies sell counterfeit medicines to unsuspecting consumers around the world, threatening patient safety. Current enforcement efforts are inadequate, as illicit online drug sales can still be easily found. A coordinated, multi-sector approach is needed involving public-private partnerships between law enforcement, regulatory agencies, internet and payment companies, and others. Through active surveillance of online drug sales, information sharing, and prevention efforts, partnerships can help curb this growing global health threat.
The Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network: Strengthening the publ...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document discusses leptospirosis, a bacterial disease impacting public health. It provides statistics on estimated global cases and deaths per year. It describes leptospirosis as having a complex natural history and clinical presentation. Climate change may increase its impact. Two typhoons in the Philippines in 2009 resulted in hundreds of leptospirosis cases. It introduces the Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network (GLEAN), a multi-disciplinary international group taking a One Health approach to strengthen leptospirosis prevention and control strategies through increased knowledge sharing and improved early warning systems. GLEAN's goals are reducing disease incidence, determining main drivers, developing predictive tools, and improving confirmation testing, outbreak detection, prepared
Emergency Surgery Workshop Davos 2011: Presentation by Prof Markus Furrer, MD, President Academia Raetica and Head of Surgery Department, Cantonal Hospital Chur, Chur, Switzerland
The document summarizes the surgical support provided following the 2010 Haiti earthquake. A team led by Dr. David Helfet organized relief efforts and established an orthopedic trauma service at Hopital de la Communaute Haitienne. The team performed over 100 surgeries including external fixations, amputations, and other orthopedic procedures using donated supplies. Two years later infrastructure and leadership issues remained challenges in Haiti's recovery from the earthquake and subsequent cholera epidemic.
Emergency Surgery Workshop Davos 2011: Presentation by Johan von Schreeb, MD, Senior Researcher in Disaster Medicine, Karolinska Institute and Co-Founder & Former President, MSF Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
Emergency Surgery Workshop Davos 2011: Presentation by Philipp Fischer, MD, Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
The document discusses sustainable agriculture and outlines several key points:
1) World agriculture will need to boost production sustainably to feed a growing population while minimizing environmental impact.
2) Sustainable agriculture meets nutritional needs, provides employment and income, maintains natural resources, and reduces vulnerability to stressors.
3) Agriculture makes major economic contributions in developing nations like Bangladesh and has increased food production but faces ongoing challenges.
The document discusses sustainable agriculture and outlines several key points:
1) World population growth will increase demand for food, requiring agricultural production to be boosted sustainably through intensification and reducing environmental footprint.
2) Sustainable agriculture meets nutritional needs of current and future generations, provides employment and living standards for farmers, and maintains or enhances long-term productivity without damaging the environment.
3) Bangladesh has made progress in agricultural production and exports but faces ongoing challenges of land degradation, stagnating yields, domination of rice, and population pressure on resources.
Modern trends in agriculture extension in pakistan A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Trends in agriculture will shape the future of farming in Pakistan. Modern techniques like increased scale and specialization, efficient production methods, and viewing farming as a business are crucial for meeting the country's growing food demands. Emerging issues like climate change, population growth, and environmental sustainability also present challenges and opportunities. Strategies going forward include innovative technologies, extension services, market integration, risk management, and developing infrastructure and human capital for a resilient agricultural system.
This document discusses strategies for boosting agricultural productivity in India. It analyzes current agricultural productivity in India compared to global levels and identifies reasons for slow growth. Some key points made include:
- Agricultural productivity in India is among the lowest in the world for most major crops.
- Slow growth is due to factors like degradation of land from erosion and salinization, inefficient water usage, and slow adoption of new technologies.
- Immediate action is needed to uplift productivity through using advanced technologies, organic farming practices, improving water management policies, and providing more support to farmers.
Global Food Security Challenges and Opportunities: the new role of agricultureShenggen Fan
Global food security faces complex challenges such as food price volatility, population growth, and climate change. A comprehensive strategy is needed to address these challenges and protect the poor. Agriculture, especially small-scale farming, must play a new role in achieving broader development outcomes such as improving nutrition, promoting climate change adaptation, building conflict resilience, and narrowing gender gaps.
This document discusses issues related to improving Indian agriculture. It identifies key issues such as revitalizing cooperatives, improving rural credit, research and education, and promoting trade. It emphasizes the need for better seeds, crop management using fertilizers and machinery efficiently, and conserving resources like water. The document outlines India's role in global agriculture production and constraints like limited arable land and water resources. It stresses producing more food sustainably with fewer resources to meet growing demand.
This document provides an overview of agriculture in Bangladesh. It outlines that agriculture is the backbone of Bangladesh's economy, providing employment to around 48% of the labor force and contributing about 19.29% to GDP. The document discusses key agricultural statistics for Bangladesh and examines the importance and challenges of the agriculture sector, including problems related to climate change, population growth, and lack of modern machinery. It also reviews the various government agencies and organizations involved in the agriculture sector in Bangladesh.
This document provides an overview of smallholder agriculture in India. It discusses the important role small farms play in food security and livelihoods despite challenges. Key points include:
- Small and marginal farmers (those with landholdings of 2 hectares or less) make up 80% of agricultural holdings but only operate 44% of farmland.
- While small farms have higher productivity, consumption expenditures often exceed income, requiring taking on debt.
- Challenges for small farms include imperfect markets, lack of access to credit, extension services and technology, and land issues.
- Opportunities include technological innovations, institutional reforms like water user groups, and programs supporting women farmers' collectives.
Research Outputs and Approaches to Enhance Food Security and Improve Livelih...ICARDA
The document summarizes research outputs and approaches from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) to enhance food security and improve livelihoods. It discusses constraints like drought, desertification, and climate change leading to food insecurity. ICARDA's strategic plan focuses on risk management, integrated water and land management, and diversification to improve nutrition and incomes. Technologies developed include improved crop varieties tolerant to abiotic stresses and diseases, as well as seed production approaches to cope with drought.
The document summarizes constraints to food security and poverty in dry areas, and discusses ICARDA's research approaches and outputs to enhance food security and livelihoods. It outlines challenges including climate change, water scarcity, and population growth. ICARDA's strategic plan focuses on risk management, integrated water and land management, diversification, and capacity building. The organization develops improved crop varieties and management practices to intensify sustainable production and increase resilience to stresses.
The document outlines Cambodia's agricultural transformation over the past 10 years and identifies opportunities and risks going forward. Key changes include increased productivity, expansion of rice milling, changing labor patterns, and infrastructure growth. Driving forces were policy reforms, investment, technology adoption, and higher food prices. Sustaining growth requires improving the business environment, public-private partnerships, skills development, and strategic national programs. The diagnostic study will analyze four commodities across regions using surveys, focus groups, and comparing to a previous study to inform Cambodia's agricultural roadmap.
Pathways for sustainable development of mixed crop-livestock systems in devel...ILRI
Presented by Shirley Tarawali, Mario Herrero, Katrien Descheemaeker, Elaine Grings and Michael Blümmel at the Workshop on the Assessment for sustainable development of animal production systems, 3 November 2011.
“High value agriculture and market linkages in India” presented by Pratap S. Birthal, National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research (NCAP) and P. K. Joshi, IFPRI at the ReSAKSS-Asia Conference, Nov 14-16, 2011, in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Waste Not, Warm Not: Poverty, Hunger, and Climate Change in a Circular Food S...IFPRI-PIM
Keynote presentation by Dr Karen Brooks, Director of the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) at the Crawford Fund Annual Conference 2016 "Waste Not, Want Not: The Circular Economy to Food Security." August 29, 2016, Canberra, Australia.
Building an Integrated Agriculture and Health Agenda: An Agricultural Perspec...LIDC
This document discusses building an integrated agenda for international research and policy on the linkages between agriculture and health. It argues for redefining agriculture to include its roles in nutrition and health. Key points discussed include the need to consider both the positive and negative impacts of agriculture on health, and to take an interdisciplinary, systems-level perspective. Institutional challenges and potential areas of focus for an integrated research agenda are also outlined.
how small scale farmers can save the worldchris claes
The document discusses several questions around feeding the world sustainably and the role of small-scale family farming. It argues that family farming has advantages like environmental protection, job creation, and productivity when farmers have access to knowledge. However, globalization and market concentration have shifted power to large agri-corporations, squeezing small farmers. It calls for supporting small farmers through access to resources, markets, and price stability to boost food security and rural development. New approaches like agroecology that empower farmers are needed to overcome "business as usual" thinking and transition to more sustainable food systems.
1. The document discusses challenges facing the global food system such as drought, volatile food prices, and conflict, as well as opportunities for economic transformation in Africa through agricultural growth.
2. It emphasizes the need to focus on smallholder farmers in Africa, link agricultural growth to improved nutrition and health, and build resilience against shocks.
3. The outlook calls for building resilience of food systems and the poor, advancing integrated approaches to agriculture, nutrition, and related sectors, and fulfilling commitments to end hunger by 2025 through country-led processes.
The document discusses the challenges facing the global agri-food system, including persistent hunger, malnutrition, disease burden, and growing issues of obesity and non-communicable diseases. The system also faces pressures from urbanization, changing diets, food safety concerns, antibiotic resistance, inequality, and environmental impacts. Innovations are key to integrating health, food, and the environment. The document proposes technological innovations like improved crops, nutrition technologies, and emerging technologies. It also suggests policy innovations like reforming subsidies and promoting sustainable diets. Institutional innovations discussed include closing the gender gap and improving governance.
China's agricultural sector has grown significantly over the past 30 years, with agricultural GDP growing 4-5 times the population growth rate. Institutional reforms, investments in agricultural technology, and market liberalization policies have driven this growth. However, China still faces challenges regarding small farm sizes, rural labor mobility, and improving its agricultural research and extension systems to better serve farmers. Future prospects include growing imports of land-intensive goods and exports of labor-intensive products as China's agriculture continues integrating with global markets.
Similar to One Health? Not without Sustainably Accelerated Productivity Growth in Agriculture (20)
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Disaster risk reduction and nursing - human science research the view of surv...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Global alliance of disaster research institutes (GADRI) discussion session, A...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes (GADRI) aims to reduce disaster risk and increase resilience through interdisciplinary research. GADRI brings together institutions to support research efforts through cooperation instead of competition. It also guides new researchers and maintains institutional memory to build upon past work. Some challenges GADRI may face include coordinating a global alliance. Solutions include facilitating cooperative work between members and guiding the expanding field of disaster reduction research.
Towards a safe, secure and sustainable energy supply the role of resilience i...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document discusses concepts related to ensuring a safe, secure, and sustainable energy supply. It introduces the concepts of risk assessment, resilience management, security of supply, sustainability, and multi-criteria decision analysis. It then presents a case study from the EU SECURE project that used these concepts to evaluate policy scenarios according to various environmental, economic, social, and security indicators. The study found that global climate policy scenarios generally performed best, though they were vulnerable to certain shocks like nuclear accidents or carbon capture failures. Overall policies that reduced fossil fuel use and led to greater diversification of energy sources and imports improved sustainability and security.
Making Hard Choices An Analysis of Settlement Choices and Willingness to Retu...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
1) The document analyzes data from surveys of Syrian refugees in Turkey to understand their choices regarding returning to Syria, staying in Turkey, or migrating elsewhere.
2) It finds that as the duration of living as a refugee increases, the probability of returning to Syria decreases significantly, while the likelihood of migrating to another country increases.
3) Refugees who experienced greater damage, losses, or deaths due to the war in Syria are less likely to return and more likely to migrate internationally in search of asylum.
The Relocation Challenges in Coastal Urban Centers Options and Limitations, A...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Involving the Mining Sector in Achieving Land Degradation Neutrality, Simone ...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Disaster Risk Reduction and Nursing - Human Science research the view of surv...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Training and awareness raising in Critical Infrastructure Protection & Resili...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
IDRC Davos 2016 - Workshop Awareness Raising, Education and Training - Capaci...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
The document summarizes the Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes (GADRI). GADRI is a global network of over 100 disaster research institutes that aims to enhance disaster risk reduction through knowledge sharing. It holds symposia, workshops, and other events on topics like flash floods, earthquakes, and geohazards. Notable upcoming events include the Third Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction in 2017. GADRI's goals are to establish collaborative research initiatives, form international working groups, and disseminate findings to influence disaster policy.
The document discusses capacity development for disaster risk reduction at the national and local levels. It explores strengths and weaknesses of current DRR capacity development efforts, and presents UNITAR's contribution through a new K4Resilience hub initiative. The initiative aims to strengthen DRR capacity development at national and sub-national levels by transferring knowledge and technology, advocating for positive change, achieving economies of scale in training, and facilitating peer-to-peer learning and mainstreaming of knowledge through strategies at the national and sub-national levels.
Dynamic factors influencing the post-disaster resettlement success Lessons fr...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Consequences of the Armed Conflict as a Stressor of Climate Change in Colombi...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Disaster Risk Perception in Cameroon and its Implications for the Rehabilitat...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Systematic Knowledge Sharing of Natural Hazard Damages in Public-private Part...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Exploring the Effectiveness of Humanitarian NGO-Private Sector Collaborations...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Can UK Water Service Providers Manage Risk and Resilience as Part of a Multi-...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The document discusses a study examining how well UK water service providers incorporate risk management and resilience as part of a multi-agency approach. The researchers analyzed 38 Community Risk Registers and found inconsistencies in style, structure, and level of detail when assessing risks like water infrastructure failures or drought. They conclude that improved consistency is needed in how water providers engage in and contribute their risk assessments to the community planning process.
A Holistic Approach Towards International Disaster Resilient Architecture by ...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s PerspectiveGolden Helix
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
One Health? Not without Sustainably Accelerated Productivity Growth in Agriculture
1. Marco Ferroni Global Risk Forum Davos One Health Summit 22 February 2012 One Health? Not without Sustainably Accelerated Productivity Growth in Agriculture
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7. Yield Maize yield gap by region and contribution of five production constraints Source: Hengsdijk & Langeveld, 2009
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Editor's Notes
The largest yield gap exists in Central and Eastern Europe followed by semi-arid Africa and the Middle East. Farm yields in Western Europe have almost reached the potential yield. Contribution of five production constraints, i.e. sub-optimal availability of water, nutrients, crop protection, labour/mechanisation and/or knowledge, to the yield gap in different parts of the World. In advanced economies (N-America and W&N Europe) a relatively larger part of the yield gap is explained by a suboptimal knowledge systems compared to other areas where physical production constraints are relatively more important such as the water availability in Middle & South America.