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india2013
- 3. Analysis of agricultural productivity in india Comparision of indian agricultural productivity with global agricultural productivity Reasons for slow growth of productivity Need for immediate upliftment of productivity Our research based ways to boost productivity
- 4. India ‘s population is 1.31billion as of 2013. 67% are rural and Majority are in agriculture. There is an utter importance of agriculture in Indian economy although it contributes only 15% of GDP, the share of workers is about 55%. Major crops are rice, wheat, maize, coarse cereals, groundnut, cotton, sugarcane, fruits and vegetables. 60% of cultivated area is “rainfed” and only 40% of area is under irrigation. Rural poverty is 41%in 2004-05.
- 5. Contributes 24% of GDP Provides food to 1Billion people Sustains 65% of the population : helps alleviate poverty Produces 51 major Crops Provides Raw Materials to Industries Contributes 1/6th of the export earnings One of the 12 Bio-diversity centers in the world with over 46,000 species of plants and 86,000 species of animals recorded 5
- 6. 6 STRENGTHS Rich Bio-diversity Arable land Climate Strong and well dispersed research and extension system OPPORTUNITIES Bridgeable yield crops Exports Agro-based Industry Horticulture Untapped potential in the N.E. WEAKNESS Fragmentation of land Low Technology Inputs Unsustainable Water Management Poor Infrastructure Low value addition THREATS Unsustainable Resource Use Unsustainable Regional Development Imports
- 7. Crop USA China India Maize 8900 4900 2100 Paddy 7500 6000 3000 Soy beans 2250 1740 1050 Seed Cotton 2060 3500 1880 Tomato 6250 2400 1780 7
- 8. 320RK 8
- 9. Sl.No. Agricultural production features China 1980 2010 India 1980 2010 1. Foodgrain production growth rate (%) 8.38 2.9 5.88 2.27 (1980-90) (2000-10) 2. Agrl GDP-Regional growth rates (%) East: 17.48 4.6 Central: 13.98 4.3 West: 14.43 5.7 North Western Region 3.39 2.85 Eastern Region 1.3 1.76 Central Region 2.06 2.70 Southern Region 1.82 1.78 (1980-90) (2000-06) 3. Irrigated area (m.ha) 44.88 59.26 38.72 63.20 4. Gross cropped area (m.ha) 117.23 109.87 172.63 195.10 5. Fertilizer use (m.tonnes NPK) 12.69 54.60 5.51 26.48 6. Mechanization (no. of tractors) 2.61 m 21.78 m 0.075 0.5 m 7. Fruit and vegetable processing (value Billion US$) 23.8 4.76 8. Agricultural trade (constant US $ 1999-2000) (Billion US$) Exports Imports 10.59 121.96 4.37 49.41 6.22 72.55 2.87 31 17 1423/24-7-2012SIID India-China team
- 10. 02/10/13Cag manthan India Central government –leading agricultural innovation Land – ownership , tenancy and reverse tenancy increasing R&D institutes under Central or State governments Extension under state governments Export oriented production - Civic space active in local agriculture – limited state support China Provincial governments– leading agricultural innovation Land – on lease from the state (more equal access to land) Half the R&D institutes under County/Township governments Extension under County/Township and provincial governments Domestic markets oriented production Private corporate sector – with state support and end customer
- 11. India ranks among the lowest countries in the world on productivity of most major crops. Huge waste of water resources damaging crop productivity, increasing soil salinity and aggravating water shortages -- 80% of India’s water use is for irrigation. 11
- 12. Feature of the economy China (%) 1980 2010 India (%) 1980 2010 1 Growth rate-GDP 7.8 9.58 5.6 8.37 2 Share of agriculture in GDP 30 10 36 19 3 Agriculture- value added per worker 191 525 313 468 4 Share of industry in GDP 48 47 25 26 5 Rural population in total (Source: World Bank, WDI), CSO) 80 55 77 70
- 13. What are the reasons for slow growth in agri. during mid-1990s to mid-2000s Steering Group for 11th Plan has estimated sources of growth Sources of growth: Five factors: (a) Public invest. (b) private invest. (c) Technology; (d) diversification (e) fertilizer There has been slowdown in all these factors Terms of trade also declined Higher growth in the post-reform period only in the case of agricultural credit
- 14. Agriculture must continue to satisfy the demands of a complex global market Growing World Population (B) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1981 1999 2015 2030 Transition Nations Developed Nations Developing Nations 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 1981 1999 2015 2030 Rising Cereal Demand (MMT) Transition Nations Developed Nations Developing Nations h
- 15. 21st Century Beef Club Source: UN, 2005 4% 56% 8% 32% -1% Distribution by region Population growth by 2025
- 16. 21st Century Beef Club 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 - 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 India Thailand Philippines South Africa Russia China Mexico Brazil Argentina New Zealand Spain US Canada Germany UK Japan Switzerland Per Capita Income (000 US$) Source: FAO Income and meat consumption
- 17. Reduction of the present rate of degradation and loss of productivity due to erosion,salinization,water logging etc By using Advanced Agricultural Technology (ATT) By using organic agriculture Reduction of environmental impacts of new technologies Conduct more international agricultural summits
- 18. By reducing wastage of water using for irrigation Reformation of policies relating to water management Provision of governmental guidance and regulation Attracting farmers with situational benefits and providing them moral support. Improving the distribution of agricultural products Include separate bill in parliament on agricultural benefits
- 19. From degradation to carbon sequestration.. From pollution to biogas and clean water.. From desertification to sustainable management..
- 20. Organic agriculture is a production system that sustains the health of soils, ecosystems and people. It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions, rather than the use of inputs with adverse effects. Organic agriculture combines tradition, innovation and science to benefit the shared environment and promote fair relationships and a good quality of life for all involved. Developing organic agriculture
- 21. Agro-ecology Diversity Recycling Healthy soil Healthy crops Healthy livestock Healthy people The four basic principles of organic agriculture Endorsed by IFOAM, September 2005 Ecological and social justice Fari Trade? Precaution
- 22. 3. Reduce risk and vulnerability 1. Raise agricultural productivity 2. Link farmers to market & strengthen value chains 4. Facilitate agricultural entry, exit & rural non- farm income 5. Enhance environmental services and sustainability 2009-2012 Agriculture Action Plan - 5 pillars
- 23. Activities of different “Players” Regulatory development Technology Transfer Marketing RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Government Government
- 24. Government has to add a special internship to agricultural students at least for 6 months During that period , every student should serve on countryside which includes educating farmers about his/her ‘thesis’ and new ways of profit earning agricultural techniques We should not depend only on rainfall for irrigation but should initiate techniques like cloud seeding,cloud distro techniques etc..and also nationalize the certain dams to provide necessary water.