The document defines sets and operations on sets such as union and intersection. It discusses real numbers, including rational and irrational numbers. Properties of real numbers are defined, such as commutativity, associativity, and distributivity. Inequalities and absolute value are also covered. Examples are provided to illustrate key concepts.
Unidad 2: Números Reales y Plano Numérico
Maickel Pineda
CI: 30.304.460
Aula 0103
Universidad Politécnica Territorial Del estado Lara
"Andrés Eloy Blanco"
Programa Nacional De Formación en Agroalimentación
Unidad 2: Números Reales y Plano Numérico
Maickel Pineda
CI: 30.304.460
Aula 0103
Universidad Politécnica Territorial Del estado Lara
"Andrés Eloy Blanco"
Programa Nacional De Formación en Agroalimentación
La siguiente presentación ejecutada por mi persona Angeli Dannielys Peña Suárez, estudiante de la Universidad Politécnica Territorial Andes Eloy Blanco te sera de gran ayuda para saber un poco mas acerca de de los conceptos y ejemplos de los conjuntos, pertenencia, agrupación, intersección, operaciones con conjuntos, los números reales y sus conjuntos, desigualdades, valor absoluto, desigualdades con valor absoluto, plano numérico y las cónicas.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...
Nuemros reales
1. NÚMEROS
RELES
Alumna:
- Karla. A Salones
- CI: 28.555.094
- Sección : CO 0101
República Bolivariana de Venezuela
Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Educación Universitaria
Universidad Politécnica Territorial de Lara
«Andrés Eloy BLANCO»
PNF Contaduría Pública
Barquisimeto - Lara
2. DEFINICION DE CONJUNTOS
Un conjunto o colección son los que están formados por
elementos de la misma naturaleza, es decir, elementos
diferenciados entre sí pero que poseen en común ciertas
propiedades o características, y que pueden tener entre ellos, o
con los elementos de otros conjuntos, ciertas relaciones.
Un conjunto puede tener un número finito o infinito de
elementos, por ejemplo:
C = {a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h}
3. OPERACIONES CON CONJUNTOS
Las operaciones con conjuntos también conocidas como álgebra
de conjuntos, nos permiten realizar operaciones sobre los
conjuntos para obtener otro conjunto. De las operaciones con
conjuntos veremos las siguientes unión, intersección, diferencia,
diferencia simétrica y complemento.
Ejemplo:
Dados dos conjuntos A={1,2,3,4,5} y B={4,5,6,7,8,9} la unión de estos conjuntos será
A∪B={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}. Usando diagramas de Venn se tendría lo siguiente:
4. NÚMEROS REALES
Son cualquier número
que corresponda a un
punto en la recta real y
pueden clasificarse en
números racionales e
irracionales.
4 es un número real ya que
4 = 4,0000000…..
Ejemplo:
Racionales
Son aquellos que pueden expresarse como
el cociente de dos números enteros, tal como
3/4, -21/3, 5, 0, 1/2 .
Irracional
Son todos los demás. Los números
racionales también pueden describirse
como aquellos cuya representación decimal
es eventualmente periódica, mientras que
los irracionales tienen una expansión
decimal aperiódica.
1
4
= 0,250000 … es un número racional puesto que
es periódico a partir del tercer número decimal.
3
7+1
2
= 1,456465591386 … es irracional y su
expansión decimal es aperiódica .
5. PROPIEDADES DE LOS NÚMEROS REALES
Conmutativa.
Suma y resta.
El orden al
sumar o
multiplicar
reales no afecta
el resultado .
Ejemplo:
6 + 2 = 2 + 6
2 −4 = −4 3
Asociativa.
Suma y
multiplicación.
El orden de las
asociaciones al sumar
o multiplicar reales no
afecta el resultado .
Ejemplo:
8 + 9 + 3 = 8 + 9 + 3
Distributiva.
Suma respecto a
multiplicación.
El factor se
distribuye a cada
sumando.
Ejemplo:
5 7 + 1 = 5.7 + 5.1
Simétrica.
Consiste en poder
cambiar el orden de
los miembros sin
que la igualdad de
altere .
Ejemplo:
Si 39 + 11 = 50,
entonces 50 = 39 + 1
Uniforme.
Establece que si
se aumenta o
disminuye la
misma cantidad
en ambos
miembros, la
igualdad se
conserva.
Ejemplo:
Si 2 + 5 = 7,entonces
(2 + 5) (3) = (7) (3
6. DESIGUALDADES
Es una relación de orden que se da entre dos
valores cuando estos son distintos (en caso de ser
iguales, lo que se tiene es una igualdad).
Si los valores en cuestión son elementos de un conjunto ordenado, como
los enteros o los reales, entonces pueden ser comparados.
• La
notación a < b significa a es
menor que b.
• La
notación a > b significa a es
mayor que b.
• La
notación a ≤ b significa a es
menor o igual que b.
• La
notación a ≥ b significa a es
mayor o igual que b.
7. VALOR ABSOLUTO
El valor absoluto o módulo de un número real es su
valor numérico sin tener en cuenta su signo, sea
este positivo o negativo. Así, 3 es el valor absoluto
de +3 y de -3.
Ejemplo:
−11 = 11 5 = 5
23 = 23 −7 = 7
8. DESIGUALDADES CON VALOR ABSOLUTO
Una desigualdad de valor absoluto es una desigualdad que
tiene un signo de valor absoluto con una variable dentro.
Cuando se resuelven desigualdades de valor absoluto, hay dos casos a considerar.
Caso 1: La expresión dentro de los símbolos de valor absoluto es positiva.
Caso 2: La expresión dentro de los símbolos de valor absoluto es negativa
Ejemplo:
La desigualdad | x | < 4 significa que la distancia entre x y 0 es menor que 4.
Así, x > -4 Y x < 4. El conjunto
solución es 𝑥| − 4 < 𝑥 < 4
9. BIBLIOGRAFÍA
-- Arenas de Arias Gladys, Matemáticas 9°, Caracas, Editorial Santillana, 2001.
-- Colaboradores de Wikipedia. Conjuntos [en línea]. Wikipedia, La enciclopedia libre,
2021 [fecha de consulta: 19 de enero del 2021]. Disponible en
<https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conjunto&oldid=132493307>.
-- Colaboradores de Wikipedia. Números reales [en línea]. Wikipedia, La enciclopedia
libre, 2021 [fecha de consulta: 19 de enero del 2021]. Disponible en
<https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=N%C3%BAmero_real&oldid=132347163>.
-- Colaboradores de Wikipedia. Desigualdades matemática [en línea]. Wikipedia, La
enciclopedia libre, 2020 [fecha de consulta: 19 de enero del 2021]. Disponible en
<https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Desigualdad_matem%C3%A1tica&oldid=1
30055176>.