The challenges faced by our country in securing the food as well as nutritional security to fast growing population need an integrated approach in livestock farming. Among the various livestock species, piggery is most potential source for meat production and pigs are more efficient feed converters after the broiler. Apart from providing meat, it is also a source of bristles and manure. Pig farming will provide employment opportunities to seasonally employed rural farmers and supplementary income to improve their living standards.
Apart from providing meat, it is also a source of bristles and manure. Pig farming will provide employment opportunities to seasonally employed rural farmers and
supplementary income to improve their living standards. The advantages of the pig farming are:
a. Pig has got highest feed conversion efficiency i.e. they produce more live weight gain from a given weight of feed than any other class of meat producing animals except broilers.
b. Pig can utilise wide variety of feed stuffs viz. grains, forages, damaged feeds and garbage and convert them into valuable nutritious meat. However, feeding of damaged grains, garbage and other unbalanced rations may result in lower feed efficiency.
c. They are prolific with shorter generation interval. A sow can be bred as early as 8-9 months of age and can farrow twice in a year. They produce 6-12 piglets in each farrowing.
d. Pig farming requires small investment on buildings and equipment.
e. Pigs are known for their meat yield, which in terms of dressing percentage ranges from 65 - 80 in comparison to other livestock species whose dressing yields may not exceed 65%.
f. Pork is most nutritious with high fat and low water content and has got better energy value than that of other meats. It is rich in vitamins like thiamin, Niacin and riboflavin.
g. Pigs manure is widely used as fertilizer for agriculture farms and fish ponds.
h. Pigs store fat rapidly for which there is an increasing demand from poultry feed, soap, paints and other chemical industries.
i. Pig farming provides quick returns since the marketable weight of fatteners can be achieved with in a period of 6-8 months.
j. There is good demand from domestic as well as export market for pig products such as pork,To know more please visit us at www.growelagrovet.com
Almost all of the pig can be used as food. Preparations of pig parts into specialities include: sausage, bacon, gammon, ham, skin into pork scratchings, feet into trotters, head into a meat jelly called head cheese (brawn), and consumption of the liver, chitterlings and blood(blood pudding or black pudding).
The following factors can influence the type of pig farms in any given region:
тАв Available food supply suitable for pigs
тАв The ability to deal with manure or other outputs from the pig operation
тАв Local beliefs or traditions, including religion
тАв The breed or type of pig available to the farm
тАв Local diseases or conditions that affect pig growth or fecundity
тАв Local requirements, including government zoning and/or land use laws
тАв Local and global market conditions and demand
тАв Traditional farming styles and methods
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Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Near Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website :
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Tags
Pig Farm, Pig Farm in India, Pig Farming, Starting Small Piggery Business, Piggery Business Plan, Profitable Piggery, Modern Farming Piggery, Best Piggery Farm, Small Piggery Business In India, Tips for Starting Small Business, Starting Small Business & Making Money, Best Small Business to Start in India- Making Money Today, Tips to Make Money by Starting Your Own Business, Modern Tips for Small Business Start-Ups, Best Small Business Ideas to Make Money, Small Business Ideas in India for Starting Small Business, Small Business Ideas for Low Investment Good Profit in India, Profitable Small Business Ideas - How to Make Money in India, Steps to Start Your Own Business, Secrets of Making Money, Startup Entrepreneur Guide to Starting Business, Money Making Small Business Ideas, Small Business But Big Profit in India, Best Small Business Ideas for WomenтАЩs in India, Small Business Ideas-100% Risk Free Business, Best Small Business to Start - Most Profitable Small Business to Start in 2017, Money Making Business Ideas-Most Profitable Small and Medium Scale Manufacturing Businesses, Manufacturing Business Ideas, Small Business Ideas with Small Capital, Profitable Small Business Ideas with Small Investment, Best Business to Make Money-Start Today, Low Investment Manufacturing Business in India, Greatest Money Making Ideas, Top Small Business Ideas Low Invest Big Profit, Start Your Own Business Ideas, Small Business Ideas in India for Starting Your Own Business, Best Business Ideas in India with Low Investment & Low Capital, Best Small Business Ideas for Beginners, Best Small Business Ideas to Start Your Own Business, Best Small Business Ideas for Women, Top Best & Unique New Business Ideas to Start in India
Layer Poultry Farming Business. Start a Layer Chicken Farming Business for Egg Production
Layer poultry farming means raising egg laying poultry birds for the purpose of commercial egg production. Layer chickens are such a special species of hens, which need to be raised from when they are one day old. They start laying eggs commercially from 18-19 weeks of age. They remain laying eggs continuously till their 72-78 weeks of age. They can produce about one kg of eggs by consuming about 2.25 kg of food during their egg laying period.
Poultry layer farming is gaining popularity in India due to its lower production cost and growing demand of eggs. India ranks third in the world by producing 3.8 billion kilograms in shell. Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Haryana, Maharashtra and Punjab are the leading egg producing states in India in the same order. There is a rise in egg production in India owing to the growth in human consumption and lower production costs. Poultry layer farming is given a lot of importance in the national policy owing to which there is a lot of scope of improvement and development.
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Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Layer Poultry Farming, Layer Poultry Farming for Beginners, Layer Farming Project Report for Beginners, Layer Farming Project of Commercial Poultry Farming Business, Egg Poultry Farm, Commercial Egg Production, Layer Poultry Farming in India, Layer Farming Project, Poultry Egg and Meat, Poultry Farming, How Can I Start a Poultry Farm? Layer Poultry Farming Project Cost, How to Start Layer Poultry Farming in India, Egg Production, How to Rear Layers (Poultry), How to Start a Layer Farm for Egg Production, Starting Your own Poultry Farm, Breeding & Rearing Poultry, Keeping Egg Laying Birds (Layers), How to Start Layer Chicken Farming Business, Poultry Farm, Start a Chicken Farm Business, Poultry Farming in India, Potential Profitability of Poultry Farms, Layer Chicken Farming Business, Business Ideas for Layer Chicken Farming, How to Start an Egg Business, How to Set up a Profitable Poultry Farming Business, Layer Farming Business Plan, Poultry Farming Business Plan/Chicken Feasibility Study, Poultry Egg Farming Business Plan in India, Business Plan for Poultry Farm, Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Detailed Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Pre-Investment Feasibility Study on Layer Poultry Farming, Techno-Economic feasibility study on Layer Poultry Farming, Feasibility report on Layer Poultry Farming, Free Project Profile on Layer Poultry Farming, Project profile on Layer Poultry Farming
Almost all of the pig can be used as food. Preparations of pig parts into specialities include: sausage, bacon, gammon, ham, skin into pork scratchings, feet into trotters, head into a meat jelly called head cheese (brawn), and consumption of the liver, chitterlings and blood(blood pudding or black pudding).
The following factors can influence the type of pig farms in any given region:
тАв Available food supply suitable for pigs
тАв The ability to deal with manure or other outputs from the pig operation
тАв Local beliefs or traditions, including religion
тАв The breed or type of pig available to the farm
тАв Local diseases or conditions that affect pig growth or fecundity
тАв Local requirements, including government zoning and/or land use laws
тАв Local and global market conditions and demand
тАв Traditional farming styles and methods
See more
https://goo.gl/FtAHmp
https://goo.gl/BH3Jws
https://goo.gl/nHx98z
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Near Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website :
http://www.niir.org
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co
Tags
Pig Farm, Pig Farm in India, Pig Farming, Starting Small Piggery Business, Piggery Business Plan, Profitable Piggery, Modern Farming Piggery, Best Piggery Farm, Small Piggery Business In India, Tips for Starting Small Business, Starting Small Business & Making Money, Best Small Business to Start in India- Making Money Today, Tips to Make Money by Starting Your Own Business, Modern Tips for Small Business Start-Ups, Best Small Business Ideas to Make Money, Small Business Ideas in India for Starting Small Business, Small Business Ideas for Low Investment Good Profit in India, Profitable Small Business Ideas - How to Make Money in India, Steps to Start Your Own Business, Secrets of Making Money, Startup Entrepreneur Guide to Starting Business, Money Making Small Business Ideas, Small Business But Big Profit in India, Best Small Business Ideas for WomenтАЩs in India, Small Business Ideas-100% Risk Free Business, Best Small Business to Start - Most Profitable Small Business to Start in 2017, Money Making Business Ideas-Most Profitable Small and Medium Scale Manufacturing Businesses, Manufacturing Business Ideas, Small Business Ideas with Small Capital, Profitable Small Business Ideas with Small Investment, Best Business to Make Money-Start Today, Low Investment Manufacturing Business in India, Greatest Money Making Ideas, Top Small Business Ideas Low Invest Big Profit, Start Your Own Business Ideas, Small Business Ideas in India for Starting Your Own Business, Best Business Ideas in India with Low Investment & Low Capital, Best Small Business Ideas for Beginners, Best Small Business Ideas to Start Your Own Business, Best Small Business Ideas for Women, Top Best & Unique New Business Ideas to Start in India
Layer Poultry Farming Business. Start a Layer Chicken Farming Business for Egg Production
Layer poultry farming means raising egg laying poultry birds for the purpose of commercial egg production. Layer chickens are such a special species of hens, which need to be raised from when they are one day old. They start laying eggs commercially from 18-19 weeks of age. They remain laying eggs continuously till their 72-78 weeks of age. They can produce about one kg of eggs by consuming about 2.25 kg of food during their egg laying period.
Poultry layer farming is gaining popularity in India due to its lower production cost and growing demand of eggs. India ranks third in the world by producing 3.8 billion kilograms in shell. Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Haryana, Maharashtra and Punjab are the leading egg producing states in India in the same order. There is a rise in egg production in India owing to the growth in human consumption and lower production costs. Poultry layer farming is given a lot of importance in the national policy owing to which there is a lot of scope of improvement and development.
See more
https://goo.gl/KE4Cpo
https://goo.gl/3SAzGN
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Layer Poultry Farming, Layer Poultry Farming for Beginners, Layer Farming Project Report for Beginners, Layer Farming Project of Commercial Poultry Farming Business, Egg Poultry Farm, Commercial Egg Production, Layer Poultry Farming in India, Layer Farming Project, Poultry Egg and Meat, Poultry Farming, How Can I Start a Poultry Farm? Layer Poultry Farming Project Cost, How to Start Layer Poultry Farming in India, Egg Production, How to Rear Layers (Poultry), How to Start a Layer Farm for Egg Production, Starting Your own Poultry Farm, Breeding & Rearing Poultry, Keeping Egg Laying Birds (Layers), How to Start Layer Chicken Farming Business, Poultry Farm, Start a Chicken Farm Business, Poultry Farming in India, Potential Profitability of Poultry Farms, Layer Chicken Farming Business, Business Ideas for Layer Chicken Farming, How to Start an Egg Business, How to Set up a Profitable Poultry Farming Business, Layer Farming Business Plan, Poultry Farming Business Plan/Chicken Feasibility Study, Poultry Egg Farming Business Plan in India, Business Plan for Poultry Farm, Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Detailed Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Project Report on Layer Poultry Farming, Pre-Investment Feasibility Study on Layer Poultry Farming, Techno-Economic feasibility study on Layer Poultry Farming, Feasibility report on Layer Poultry Farming, Free Project Profile on Layer Poultry Farming, Project profile on Layer Poultry Farming
scientific housing system of farm animal for better productivityDrSapunii Hanah
┬а
Animal need shelter for better productivity, however, many a time farmers forgot the basic structure or point that would provide comfortable zone to their animals. in this slide we discus in length about the basic point require for the animal.
All of the above poultry-keeping methods are used in the developing world,but the majority of the enterprises are backyard poultry and farm flock production. The poultry and egg sectors are highly fragmented. Most of the production is carried out by a large number of farmers, each with a very small flock. The greater part of produce is sold in markets close to the farms.
Day-old chicks are usually obtained from local hatcheries licensed by international hybrid breeding companies. Farmers or cooperatives of farmers may choose between varieties of chickens for egg production and meat production.
The small chicks can be either naturally or artificially brooded. If artificially brooded, small chicks must be placed in a separate house from laying chickens and it is necessary to protect the chicks from predators, diseases and catching colds.
This stage of brooding lasts for eight weeks. In the first four weeks of life, small chicks need to be housed in a brooding box. Some typical types of brooders are shown below and on the previous page.
Typically, a layerтАЩs production cycle lasts just over a year (52-56 weeks). During the production cycle many factors influence egg production; therefore, the cycle must be managed effectively and efficiently in order to provide maximum output and profitability.
Sheep and goats housing management It is a system in which sheep goats are continuously kept under housing in confinement with limited access in which they are stall-fed. It implies a system where goats are not left to fend for themselves with only minimum care.
Any rulebook on how to start a pig farm will mention the need for a pig pen that is sturdy, spacious and has proper ventilation. Sturdy because pigs tend to become too rough, especially when you are handling them so a weak structure might get damaged easily. Pigs need enough space to move; but not too much so their muscle tissues wonтАЩt develop too much and make their meat tough. A good enclosure has around 10 by 10 feet of moving space and around 5 by 5 feet for their eating space..
scientific housing system of farm animal for better productivityDrSapunii Hanah
┬а
Animal need shelter for better productivity, however, many a time farmers forgot the basic structure or point that would provide comfortable zone to their animals. in this slide we discus in length about the basic point require for the animal.
All of the above poultry-keeping methods are used in the developing world,but the majority of the enterprises are backyard poultry and farm flock production. The poultry and egg sectors are highly fragmented. Most of the production is carried out by a large number of farmers, each with a very small flock. The greater part of produce is sold in markets close to the farms.
Day-old chicks are usually obtained from local hatcheries licensed by international hybrid breeding companies. Farmers or cooperatives of farmers may choose between varieties of chickens for egg production and meat production.
The small chicks can be either naturally or artificially brooded. If artificially brooded, small chicks must be placed in a separate house from laying chickens and it is necessary to protect the chicks from predators, diseases and catching colds.
This stage of brooding lasts for eight weeks. In the first four weeks of life, small chicks need to be housed in a brooding box. Some typical types of brooders are shown below and on the previous page.
Typically, a layerтАЩs production cycle lasts just over a year (52-56 weeks). During the production cycle many factors influence egg production; therefore, the cycle must be managed effectively and efficiently in order to provide maximum output and profitability.
Sheep and goats housing management It is a system in which sheep goats are continuously kept under housing in confinement with limited access in which they are stall-fed. It implies a system where goats are not left to fend for themselves with only minimum care.
Any rulebook on how to start a pig farm will mention the need for a pig pen that is sturdy, spacious and has proper ventilation. Sturdy because pigs tend to become too rough, especially when you are handling them so a weak structure might get damaged easily. Pigs need enough space to move; but not too much so their muscle tissues wonтАЩt develop too much and make their meat tough. A good enclosure has around 10 by 10 feet of moving space and around 5 by 5 feet for their eating space..
Pig is the only species of livestock from which major portion of the total investments made for establishing the farm can be earned back within 1┬╜ тАУ 2 years. Thus, the farmer is assured of getting over 60 per cent of profit margin from a marginal piggery unit. As a thumb rule, pigs have to put on more than 10 kg of body weight per month by consuming concentrate feed or agricultural byproducts or processed wastes from food industries. Though the white pigs have the western origin (temperate climate), they are better adapted to the Indian agro-climatic conditions. Nevertheless, the Large White Yorkshire breed is the widely accepted breed for pork (bacon, a cured meat from the back and side portions of the pig) production in the global scenario. Strategies have also been formulated to produce lean meat from synthetic strains of pigs through recent research approach, which would create better export opportunities. Hence, farmers without any doubt, can venture into farming this prolific species for their livelihood as well to contribute more to the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to which contribution from livestock sector is, now-a-days, on the increase (from 4 to 8%).
Nisarg Animal Farming's Pvt. Ltd is a company, working in Agriculture & livestock farming consultancy. Livestock Services includes wide range of functions needed to ensure the productivity and sustainability of livestock production systems. Services include credit, breeding services, productivity research, training, technical assistance relating to breeding, agro-processing, input provision and efficient use of animal and feed &fodder management. NAF also provide livestock health services (veterinary research & assistance, diagnosis, A.I. vaccine and other veterinary product production and distribution, quality control of veterinary products, vaccinations, disease surveillance, and quarantine)
The FarmerтАЩs Hand Book on Pig Production is a colourful and simply-written manual from the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations. This book was developed to educate pig farmers .It provides a lot of information on breeding, feeding, housing pigs, detection and treatment of swine diseases.
Poultry meat is an important source of high quality proteins, minerals and vitamins to balance the human diet. Specially developed varieties of chicken (broilers) are now available with the traits of quick growth and high feed conversion efficiency. Depending on the farm size, broiler farming can be a main source of family income or can provide subsidiary income and gainful employment to farmers throughout the year. Poultry manure is of high fertilizer value which can be used for increasing yield of all crops.
The advantages of broiler farming are
a) Initial investment is lower than layer farming
b) Rearing period is 5-6 weeks only
c) More number of flocks can be taken in the same
shed
d) Broilers have high feed conversion efficiency i.e. the amount of feed required for unit body
weight gain is lower in comparison to other livestock
e) Faster return from the investment
f) Demand for poultry meat is more compared to sheep/goat meat
To know more please visit us www.growelagrovet.com
Poultry egg and meat are important sources of high quality proteins, minerals and vitamins to balance the human diet. Commercial layer strains are now available with traits of high egg production and high feed conversion efficiency. Superior germplasm of chicken have been developed by both public and private sectors which met the requirement of Indian Poultry Industry. Depending on the farm-size, layer (for eggs) farming can be main source of family income or can provide income and gainful employment to farmers throughout the year. Poultry manure has high manure value and can be used for increasing yield of all crops.
Poultry is one of the fastest growing segments of the agricultural sector in India today. India has emerged on the world map as the 3rd largest egg producer (56 billion eggs) and annual growth rate in egg production approximated 6% per year (Source; Report of the Working Group on AH & dairying, 12th Five Year Plan). The current strength of layers in India is estimated to be 230 million and the annual percapita availability of eggs has increased from 7 eggs in 1961 to 52 eggs in 2010. However, the present availability is far below the ICMR recommendation of 180 eggs per capita per annum.In the poultry industry, value added products utilizing poultry eggs, culled birds for human consumption have been developed. However only 6% of the eggs produced in the country are converted into processed egg products mainly for export.To know more please visit us www.growelagrovet.com
Dairying is an important source of subsidiary income to small/marginal farmers and agricultural labourers. In addition to milk, the manure from animals provides a good source of organic matter for improving soil fertility and crop yields. The gobar gas from the dung is used as fuel for domestic purposes as also for running engines for drawing water from well. The surplus fodder and agricultural by-products are gainfully utilised for feeding the animals. Almost all draught power for farm operations and transportation is supplied by bullocks. Since agriculture is mostly seasonal, there is a possibility of finding employment throughout the year for many persons through dairy farming. Thus, dairy also provides employment throughout the year. The main beneficiaries of dairy programmes are small/marginal farmers and landless labourers.To know more please visit us www.growelagrovet.com
How to Start Pig Farming and Pork Processing Business, Piggery Business Plan,...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
┬а
How to Start Pig Farming and Pork Processing Business, Piggery Business Plan, Pig Farming Business Plan, Hog Production, Pork and Swine Production (Feeding Management, Breeding, Housing Management, Sausages, Bacon, Cooked Ham with Packaging)
The characteristic features of Pig as a livestock are the highest feed conversion efficiency, utilization of wide variety of feed stuff viz. grains, forages, damaged feeds, vegetables, fruits and garbage etc., higher proficiency with shorter generation interval, i.e., first breeding as early as 8-9 months of age, farrowing twice in a year and 6-12 piglets in each farrowing. Initial requirements of small investment, quick returns and utilization of bristles and manure further increase the importance of this animal.
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Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website :
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http://www.entrepreneurindia.co
Tags
Agro Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Animal Farm, Bacon and Pork Processing, Beef & Pork Processing Plant, Beginners Pig Farming Guide, Best small and cottage scale industries, Book on pig farming, Cooked Ham business plan, Cooked pork Ham with Packaging, Feeding Management, Breeding, Housing Management, Sausages, Bacon, Cooked Ham with Packaging, Food Processing & Agro Based Profitable Projects, Food Processing Industry in India, Food Processing Projects, Get started in small-scale food manufacturing, Hand Book on Pig Production, Handbook on Pig Farming and Pork Processing, Hog Production, How to become a pig farmer, How to Breed Pigs, How to Cook and Bake a Ham, How to make ham, How to make pork sausages, How to start a commercial pig farm, How to start a food manufacturing business, How to Start a Food Production Business, How to Start a Lucrative Pig Farming Business in India, How to Start a Pig Farm Business, How to Start Pig Farming?, How to start a piggery farm, How to Start a Pork Production Business, How to Start a Small Pig Farm, How to start a successful Pork processing business, How to Start Food Processing Industry in India, How to start pig farming business, How to Start Pork Processing Business, How to Start Pork Processing Industry in India, How to start your own pig farm, Livestock Farming Business, Most Profitable Food Processing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Pork Processing Business Ideas, Natural Pig Farming, New small scale ideas in Pork processing industry, Pig breeding farm, Pig business planning, Pig Farming Business Plan, Pig farming Business, Pig feeding Management, Pig Housing Management, Pig processing line, Pig Production Technology for Piggery Farmers, Piggery Based Profitable Projects, Piggery Business Plan on a Small Scale, Meat processing technology, Livestock Processing For Pork
Layer poultry farming means raising egg laying poultry birds for the purpose of commercial egg production. Layer chickens are such a special species of hens, which need to be raised from when they are one day old. They start laying eggs commercially from 18-19 weeks of age. They remain laying eggs continuously till their 72-78 weeks of age. They can produce about one kg of eggs by consuming about 2.25 kg of food during their egg laying period. For the purpose of producing hybrid eggs layer, consider the various characteristics of cock and hen before breeding. There are various types of highly egg productive layer breeds available throughout the world.
Each semester, a small local business comes to Ithaca College's Strategic Communications department and asks for students to design a public relations proposal. For my Public Relations class, The Piggery, a local butcher shop, asked my team, Savory PR, to analyze its current business model and social media to create a plan that better suits their needs. Our team suggested that The Piggery take advantage of the local events to better target the health conscious consumer that values their Farm-to-Table approach.
Positioning nigeria as a global power house in agriculture by sotonye angaSotonye anga
┬а
The Agricultural Transformation Agenda (ATA) is NigeriaтАЩs agenda aimed at adding 20 Million Metric Tons of food to domestic food supply and create 3.5 million jobs by 2015. We need to strongly support the ATA and see to its complete realization. Doing this will position Nigeria as a Global power house in Agriculture.
The objective of the Swine Nutrition Guide remains the same: to provide the reader with a simple, easy-to-read source of practical information on the nutrition of the pig. Fundamentally, the pig has changed little since 1989 when the first edition
was released; of course, genetic progress has been impressive, but the list of nutrients required by the pig and how they are used have remained much the same.
Model bankable scheme on goat - NABARD - 10 animalsKaushik Chaudhury
┬а
Goat rearing plays an important role in the national economy. It provides gainful employment and income to the weaker sections especially the rural poor. Goat is probably the only animal which is bred for multiple objectives, viz., meat, hide, milk, manure and hair. Due to versatile characteristics and utilisation, goat is often called 'poor man's cow' in India. Goat meat is usually low in fat and is commonly called chevon. Goat meat is preferred to mutton in India. Being the principal meat producing animal in India, goat meat is commonly preferred to other meat with better prices irrespective of caste and religion.
Goat and Sheep in India generally live on grazing. National Commission on Agriculture has given considerable emphasis for the development of goat rearing activity. But, no goat development programme of appropriate magnitude has been undertaken by any States. Some misconception of the goat rearing is that goat is considered as principal destructive element of forestry and ecology. But unlike sheep, the goat can be successfully reared under intensive and semi-intensive system both for breeding and meat purposes. The intensive (stall-fed) semi-intensive and free range system of goat rearing activity is an eligible activity for bank finance and also covered under NABARD refinance.
There are many advantages of goat farming business. You can also raise goats along with your other livestock animals. Goats have been considered as poor manтАЩs cow (mini cow) for the poor people because of itтАЩs immense contribution in rural economy and national income. Goat products like milk and meat is not only nutritious and easily digestible food but also a great source of regular income for the poor, landless and marginal farmers. As goats are small sized animal , so they are easily maintained. Even they are easily maintained and cared by women and children.
For successful goat farming business, you need to do some common tasks such as feeding, milking and caring. These simple tasks do not require much equipment, capital, labour or hard work. The main advantages of starting goat farming business are described below.For starting and maintaining a profitable and successful business, you must have to make a proper and effective goat farming business plan and go according to the plan. Here we are shortly describing the necessary steps for starting goat farming business.
A short idea about the poultry industries and their development schemes in India. It was my veterinary and animal husbandry extension education course assignment and i decided to share with you .
SADP Livestock Report Findings, Davao City, June 10, 2009Elmer Esplana
┬а
Findings of the Livestock Report for the Strategic Agribusiness Development Plan for the Philippine Department of Agriculture. The presentation was done in Apo View Hotel, Davao City, June 10, 2009
Presentation of preparation of multiple enterprise farm plansabin bhattarai
┬а
Sample presentation about preparation of multiple enterprise farm plan prepared by Bsc Ag undergraduates students of Agriculture and Forestry University
Importance of Vitamins and Minerals for Dairy Cattle. The article written by Mr. Rakesh Kumar, Marketing Director, Growel Agrovet Private Limited, has been published in Dairy Planner magazine, March тАУ 2021 edition.
How To Do Poultry Farming in Summer? The article written by Mr. Rakesh Kumar, Marketing Director, Growel Agrovet Private Limited, has been published in Poultry Square magazine, May тАУ 2021 edition.
What is diarrhea in cattle and what causes it?
тАв Diarrhea (purging, scours) can have many causes.
тАв Possible causes include bacterial and viral infections, certain chemicals, intestinal parasites, poor diet, overfeeding on milk or lush grass, poisonous plants and other toxins, food allergies and even stress.
тАв In diarrhea, the intestine fails to adequately absorb fluids, and/or secretion into the intestine is increased. Loss of fluids through diarrhea produces dehydration and the loss of certain body salts.
тАв It causes a change in body tissue composition and severe depression in the animal.
тАв Death from scours is usually the result of dehydration and loss of body salts rather than invasion of an infectious agent.
тАв The correct determination of the cause of diarrhea is important in order to take effective preventive measures.
Domestication of the European rabbit probably occurred in monasteries during the Middle Ages. By the middle of the 17th century, rabbits were commonly raised in England and continental Europe. Oryctolagus cuniculus, one of the more successful mammals of the world, is both prolific and adaptable.
Most of the fancy breeds were developed within the past 100 years, and only since the early 1900s have rabbits been raised domestically in the United
States. The first commercial colonies were started in southern California. Meat rationing during World War II gave the infant industry a push. Today, approximately 200,000 people are engaged in some phase of the rabbit business
in the United States, and animals are produced in every state. Meat processors serving major cities market more than 10 million pounds of rabbit meat annually.
The objective of commercial fish farming is to produce fish for sale and
earn profits. Therefore, production should be planned from the onset to
target identified markets. This means one should:
1. have the required product (size and form) available when the
market wants it,
2. be able to produce adequate volumes to sustain targeted markets,
3. produce at a competitive price and profit.
When making a production and business plan for table fish, one should
endeavor to answer the following questions beforehand.
1. Where is the market? тАУ its location, what category of people are
likely to buy the fish I produce, etc
2. What does the market want? тАУ type of fish, how much, what size,
how frequently, fresh or processed, etc.
3. What resources do I have? тАУ number of pond(s), size of pond(s),
water for production (quantity, quality, flow rates), feeds, labour,
seed, etc.
4. From where and when should I source my seed and feed?
5. What is the quality of feed I intend to use? This is important
because it limits possible FCRs, water quality and carrying capacity.
6. How much feed and seed shall I require?
7. What technology do I have at my disposal and which would be the
best to adopt?
8. How frequently do I need to harvest for the market? (complete
harvest/partial harvests)
9. How do I get my fish to the market?
10. What returns can I expect from the above?
Few countries in the world have no sheep. They are found in tropical countries and in the arctic, in hot climates and in the cold, on the desert and in humid areas.
There are over 800 breeds of sheep in the world, in a variety of sizes, shapes, types and colours.
Sheep were domesticated long before the dawn of recorded history. Wool fibres have been found in remains of primitive villages of Switzerland that date back an estimated 20000 years. Egyptian sculpture dating 4000-5000 B.C. portrays the importance of this species to people. Much mention is
made in the Bible of flocks, shepherds, sacrificial lambs, and garments made of wool.
The Roman empire pried sheep, anointed them with special oils, and combed their fleece to produce fine quality fibres that were woven into fabric for the togas of the elite.
Perhaps the first ruminants domesticated by man along with goats, sheep are a very valuable and important asset to mankind.
Sheep is a important livestock species . They contribute greatly to the agrarian economy, especially in the arid/semi-arid and mountainous areas where crop and /or dairy farming are not economical. They play an important role in the livelihood of a large percentage of small and marginal
farmers and landless labourers engaged in sheep rearing. A number of rural-based industries use wool and sheep skins as raw material. Sheep manure is an important source of soil fertility, especially in southern states.
The aim of this booklet is to assist you in more effective use of pasture to achieve high sheep production. Essential for this are the ability to assess the amount of pasture in a paddock and knowledge of animal feeding needs.
This chapter discusses how to assess the amount of pasture in a paddock in relation to animal performance and seasonal pasture needs of sheep. The next chapter deals with setting up grazing rotations and feed budgeting.
Feed planning enables you to objectively match pasture supply and animal feed demands on your whole farm during the year. Some of you may feel daunted by this structured approach, but maximising production and achieving livestock target weights, including supply contracts, means more sophisticated pasture feeding.
Proper vaccination is an essential part of a good poultry management program and for the success of any poultry operation. Effective preventive procedures such as immunisation protect hundreds of millions of poultry worldwide from many contagious and deadly diseases and have resulted in improved flock health and production efficiency.
Immunization cannot be a substitute for poor bio-security and sanitation. Thus, vaccination programs may not totally protect birds that are under stress or in unhygienic conditions. The primary objective of immunizing any poultry flock is to reduce the level of clinical disease and to promote optimal performance. Certain vaccines may also have an impact on human health (i.e. Salmonella vaccines).
For breeders тАУ we also want to accomplish some additional goals:
A. Protect the bird (as a pullet and hen) against specific diseases.
B. Protect the progeny of the hen against vertical transmission of disease.
C. Provide passive immunity to progeny.
In this book following points has been defined and described.
Define anatomy
яБоDiscuss the different fields of anatomy
яБоIdentify and describe the integumentary system
яБоIdentify and describe the musculoskeletal system
яБоIdentify and describe the cardiovascular system
яБоIdentify and describe the lymphatic system
яБоIdentify and describe the digestive system
яБоIdentify and describe the respiratory system
яБоIdentify and describe the endocrine system
яБоIdentify and describe the urinary system
яБоIdentify and describe the reproductive system
яБоIdentify and describe the nervous system and special senses
The term anatomy refers to the science that deals with the form and structure of animals. Physiology deals with the study of functions of the body or any of its parts. A thorough knowledge of the structure of an animal imparts a lot of information about the various functions it is capable of performing.
The course may be used as an introductory course to further studies; to assist you in recognising the normal, in order to determine the abnormal; to help you understand how to diagnose disease or determine if an animal has sustained an injury; to help understand the physical capabilities or limitations of particular species; to understand what happens in the nutrition and growth processes; and to assist you to get better performance from your animals.
Bio-Security plan is a set of practices designed to prevent the entry and spread of infectious diseases into and from a poultry farm.
Biosecurity requires the adoption of a set of attitudes and behaviours by people, to reduce risk in all activities involving poultry production and marketing.
Selection or formulation of appropriate diets for companion
and aviary birds is based on wild feeding ecology, digestive anatomy and physiology, and nutritional requirements of related species. Research indicates that requirements of some key nutrients for psittacines vary from those of poultry. Apart from vitamin E, there is no evidence to suggest that vitamin and trace mineral requirements for psittacines are greater than those recommended for poultry.54 While there are substantial differences between production species and companion
bird species, dietary requirements of poultry remain the
standard for estimating the needs of companion birds.
Individual nutrient classes will be discussed with particular
focus on recent research into the nutritional requirements of companion birds.
The decision to own and care for exotic birds is a decision which cannot be taken lightly. A lot of responsibility has to be accepted because a pet bird is not a low-maintenance pet. All pet birds require at least some specialized care.Very few тАЬbeginnersтАЭ know the answers to the questions that arise concerning the management, breeding, rearing,disease prevention, and proper nutrition of birds. The тАЬsurvivorsтАЭ in aviculture have successful aviaries because their teacher has been experience, coupled with trial-anderror. Sometimes this teacher is expensive and can result in thousands of dollars of investment being lost. тАЬBeginnersтАЭ can increase their general knowledge in aviculture and
come up with answers to their questions by reading articles,
traveling to pet bird shows, attending lectures and talking
with people who have experience with pet birds.
Relatively speaking, most dogs today eat a more nutritional diet than their owners do.Though a carnivore, the dog utilises a wide variety of foodstuffs efficiently and can meet nutritional requirements from a diversity of diets.
Dogs regulate their food intake to meet energy requirements proper diets incorporate exact daily nutritional requirements into the amount of food consumed each day for energy.
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2. Pig Farming
1. Introduction
The challenges faced by our country in securing the food as well as nutritional security to fast
growing population need an integrated approach in livestock farming. Among the various livestock
species, piggery is most potential source for meat production and pigs are more efficient feed
converters after the broiler. Apart from providing meat, it is also a source of bristles and manure. Pig
farming will provide employment opportunities to seasonally employed rural farmers and
supplementary income to improve their living standards. The advantages of the pig farming are:
a. Pig has got highest feed conversion efficiency i.e. they produce more live weight gain from a
given weight of feed than any other class of meat producing animals except broilers.
b. Pig can utilise wide variety of feed stuffs viz. grains, forages, damaged feeds and garbage and
convert them into valuable nutritious meat.
However, feeding of damaged grains, garbage
and other unbalanced rations may result in lower
feed efficiency.
c. They are prolific with shorter generation
interval. A sow can be bred as early as 8-9
months of age and can farrow twice in a year.
They produce 6-12 piglets in each farrowing.
d. Pig farming requires small investment on
buildings and equipment.
e. Pigs are known for their meat yield, which in terms of dressing percentage ranges from 65 -
80 in comparison to other livestock species whose dressing yields may not exceed 65%.
f. Pork is most nutritious with high fat and low water content and has got better energy value
than that of other meats. It is rich in vitamins like thiamin, Niacin and riboflavin.
g. Pigs manure is widely used as fertilizer for agriculture farms and fish ponds.
h. Pigs store fat rapidly for which there is an increasing demand from poultry feed, soap, paints
and other chemical industries.
i. Pig farming provides quick returns since the marketable weight of fatteners can be achieved
with in a period of 6-8 months.
j. There is good demand from domestic as well as export market for pig products such as pork,
bacon, ham, sausages, lard etc.
3. 2. Scope for pig farming and its contribution to national
The pig population of the country is 11.1 million as per the 2012-13 annual report of Animal
Husbandry. Pork production in India is limited, representing only 7% of the countryтАЩs animal protein
sources. Production is concentrated mainly in the northeastern corner of the country and consists
primarily of backyard and informal sector producers. According to 18th Livestock Census of India
(2007), there was a marginal decline in total swine population. The Indian market for processed pork
products is small, and the majority of this market is supplied through imports. Although there are
some local companies which manufacture processed products such as sausages and bacon, quantities
are limited and the industry is small. According to MoFPI, there are 3600 slaughter houses in India,
although the majority of these facilities do not export. There are a small number of abattoirs in India
which meet international standards. However, these facilities do not process pork.
The pig farming constitutes the livelihood of rural poor belonging to the lowest socio-economic strata
and they have no means to undertake scientific pig farming with improved foundation stock, proper
housing, feeding and management. Therefore, suitable schemes to popularise the scientific pig
breeding cum rearing of meat producing animals with adequate financial provisions are necessary to
modernise the Indian pig industry and to improve the productivity of small sized rural pig farms.
In view of the importance of pig farming in terms of its contribution to rural poor and possible
potentials for pig rearing in our country, Government of India has initiated measures to promote the
pig farming on scientific lines under its five year plans. In order to make available good foundation
stock 115 pig breeding farms were established throughout the country.
3. Financial assistance available from banks / Nabard for pig farming
For piggery development schemes with large outlays, detailed project reports will have to be
prepared. The items such as land development, construction of sheds and other civil structures,
purchase of the breeding stock, equipment, feed cost up to the point of income generation are
normally considered under bank loan. Other items of investment will be considered on need basis
after providing the satisfactory information justifying the need for such items.
4. Project formulation for Bank Loan
4.1 The report normally should include information on land, livestock markets, availability of water,
feeds, veterinary aid, breeding facilities, marketing aspects, training facilities, experience of the
farmer and the type of assistance available from State Government Regional Pig breeding centres.
The report should also include information on the number of and type of animals to be purchased,
their breed, production performance, cost and other relevant input and output costs with their
4. description. Based on this, the total cost of the project, margin money to be provided by the
beneficiary, requirement of bank loan, estimated annual expenditure, income, profit and loss
statement, repayment period, etc., can be worked out and included in the project cost.
4.2 The project should include the following information on technical, financial and managerial
aspects in detail based on the type of unit and capacity
Technical:
a. Nearness of the selected area to financing bank's branch.
b. Availability of good quality animals in nearby livestock markets/ breeding farms.
c. Source and availability of training facilities.
d. Availability of concentrate feeds and kitchen/ hotel/ vegetable market waste and broken
grains from godowns.
e. Availability of medicines, vaccines and veterinary services etc.
f. Availability of veterinary aid and marketing facilities near the scheme area.
g. Reasonability of various production and reproduction parameters
Financials:
a. Unit cost - The average cost of piggery breeding stock.
b. Input cost for feeds, veterinary aid, insurance, labour charges, etc.
c. Output costs i.e. sale price of fatteners, piglets and culled animals
d. Income-expenditure statement and annual gross surplus
e. Cash flow analysis.
Managerial:
BorrowerтАЩs profile
a. Individual/Partnership /Company / Corporation/ Co-operative Society /Others
b. Capability in managing the proposed business
c. Experience in proposed activity or others
d. Financial soundness
e. Technical and other special qualifications
f. Technical/ Mangerial staff and adequacy there of
Others:
a. Name of the financing bank
b. Assistance available from State/ Central Government
5. c. Regulatory clearances, if any etc.
5. Appraisal of the project
The project so formulated considering the above mentioned aspects should be submitted to the nearest
branch of the bank for availing credit facility for establishment of the broiler farm. The bank will then
examine the project for its technical feasibility, financial viability and bankability.
6. Sanction of Bank loan and its disbursement
After ensuring technical feasibility and economic viability, the scheme is sanctioned by the bank. The
loan is disbursed in stages against creation of specific assets such as construction of sheds, purchase
of equipment and animals. The end use of the fund is verified and constant follow-up is done by the
bank.
7. Lending terms тАУ General
7.1 Unit cost and Outlay
Outlay of the project depends on the local conditions, unit size and the investment components
included in the project. Prevailing market prices / cost may be considered to arrive at the outlay.
7.2 Margin Money
Margin depends on the category of the borrowers and may range from 10% to 25%.
7.3 Interest Rate for ultimate borrower
Banks are free to decide the role of interest within the overall RBI guidelines. However, for working
out the financial viability and bankability of the model project we have assumed the rate of interest as
12% p.a.
7.4 Security
Security will be as per NABARD/RBI guidelines issued from time to time.
7.5 Repayment Period of Loan
Repayment period depends upon the gross surplus in the scheme. The loans will be repaid in suitable
half yearly/annual instalments usually within a period of about 5-6 years with a grace period of one
year.
7.6 Insurance
The animals may be insured annually or on long term master policy, where ever it is applicable.
8. Economics of Pig Farming
A model economics for pig farming with 20 sows and 2 boars is given below. This is indicative and
applicable input and output costs and the parameters observed at the field level may be incorporated.
6. A. Project cost
Amount in
Rs.
Sr.N
o Particulars I Year II Year
1 Buildings
A Pig styes
i for sow @ 20 Sq.ft per sow at Rs 150 per Sq.ft for 20 Sows 60000
ii For boar @ 70 Sq.ft per boar for 2 boars at Rs 180 per Sq.ft 25200
iii Farrowing pen at 80 Sq.ft per sow for 8 sows at Rs 150 per Sq.ft 96000
(Considering always 40 % of pigs in farrowing )
iv For piglets @ 10 Sq.ft per piglet for 300 piglets at Rs 100 per Sq.ft 300000
v Store room 200 Sq.ft at Rs 150 Per Sq.ft 30000
vi Labour quarters 300 Sq.ft @ Rs. 200 per Sq.ft for 1 labourer 60000
Total 271200 300000
2 Piglets for breeding
a
Cost of 20 four months old gilt weighing about 40 Kg @ Rs 80 per
Kg live 64000
b
Cost of 2 six months old boar weighing about 50 Kg @ Rs 90 per
Kg 9000
Total 73000 0
3 Feed (Concentrate and roughage at 50 :50 Basis)
a 120 Kg concentrate +180 Kg roughage up to maturity for 20 gilts
@ Rs 12/Kg Concentrate and Rs.1.50 /Kg roughage 34200
b 2.0 kg feed (1.00 Kg Concentrate+1.00 Kg Roughage) per day
per adult sow at above prices 32400 98550
c
300 Kg per boar (1:1 Con. & Rough) up to maturity 4050
d 2.0 kg feed (1 Kg Concentrate+1 Kg Roughage) per day
per adult boar at above prices 3240 19710
e 240 Kg per piglet up to marketable age for 200 pig lets - 240 days
(1:1 Concentrate : Roughage) 324000
7. Total 73890 442260
4 Equipement Rs 200 per animal 4400 0
5 Equipments for piglets @ Rs. 20 for 300 piglets 6000
6 Medicines & Vaccines @ Rs 100 per animal 2200
10 Insurance charges @ 5 % of cost of breeding stock 3650
11 One labour @ Rs 4500 /month/labour 54000 54000
12 Vehicle hiring for garbage collection 54000 54000
Total 124250 108000
Grand total 542340 850260
Margin 25 % 135585 212565
0.25
Loan 406755 637695
B. TECHNO ECONOMIC PARAMETERS
Sl. No. Particulars
1 No. of sows (6-7 months old) 20
2 No. of boars 2
3 No. of batches 2
4 Purchase price of sow in Rs. 3200
5 Purchase price of boar in Rs. 4500
6 Sale price of culled sow in Rs. 4500
7 Sale price of culled boar in Rs. 5500
8 Interval between two batches (months) 3
9 No. of farrowings per year 2
10 No. of piglets per sow per farrowing 11
11 Mortality among piglets (weaners) 20%
12 Mortality among fatteners 10%
13 Mortality among adults is not considered as insurance
cover is available
14 Weaning period (months) 2
15 Space requirement (s.ft.)
16 Boar 70
17 Lactating sow with it's piglets 80
18 Dry sow 20
19 Fattener of 3-5 months age 10
20 Fattener of 6-8 months age 15
21 Store room (s.ft.) 200
22 No. of gunny bags per ton of feed 13.3
23 Income from gunny bags (Rs./bag) 10
8. C. Projection chart for piggery unit of 20 +2
Y
ea
r
Stock at the
begining
No. of
piglets
after
farrow
ing
Mort
ality
durin
g
wean
ing
Weane
rs
Mort
ality
durin
g
fatten
ing
Pigl
ets
retai
ned
for
bree
ding
purp
ose
Culled
pigs for
sale
Piglets
availab
le for
sale
Stock at the End
So
ws
Bo
ars
Piglets Bo
ars
So
ws
So
ws
Bo
ars
Piglets
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
I 0 0 20+2* 220A 44A 176A 18A 0 0 0 0 20 2 158A
II 20 2 158A 220B 44B 176B 18B 0 0 0 158A 20 2 158B
III 20 2 158B 220C+
220D 44C+
44D
176C+
176D
18C+
18D
20B 0 20
138B+
176C
20 2 158D
IV 20 2 158D 220E+
220F 44E+
44F
176E+
176F
18E+
18F
0 0 0
158D+
158E
20 2 158F
V 20 2 158F
220G+
220H
44G+
44H
176G+
176H
18G+
18H 2F+
20G
2 0 156F
20 2
138G+
158H
VI 20 2 138G+
158H
220I 44I 176I 18I 20G 0 20
138G+
158H
20 2 158I
D. Income and expenditure statement for a piggery unit of 20+2 units based on
flock chart
Particulars Years
I II III IV V VI
INCOME
Sale of piglets(Avg.B.Wt at market 75 kg
/Piglet @ Rs 80 per Kg Live wt. 758400 1507200 1516800
162240
0
142080
0
Sale of salvage sow and boar(Avg.Wt 100 Kg
@ Rs 60 /kg live wt. 120000 120000
Manure at Rs 75 per animal 13500 13500 13500 13500 25350 13500
Gunny bags at Rs 10 per bag 7700 7700 7700 7700 13000 7700
Total 21200 779600 1648400 1538000
166075
0
156200
0
EXPENDITURE
Concentrate and roughage for breeding stock 73890 118260 118260 118260 118260 118260
Concentrate and roughage for fattening stock 648000 648000 648000 648000 648000
Vety.aid @ Rs 100 per animal 18000 18000 18000 18000 33800 18000
Labour 54000 54000 54000 54000 54000 54000
9. Insurance charges @ 5 % of breeding stock
price 6050 6050 6050 6050 6050 6050
Vehicle maintenance and garbage collection 54000 54000 54000 54000 54000 54000
Total 205940 898310 898310 898310 914110 898310
Gross Income 13400 215550 750090 639690 746640 663690
E. Repayment schedule
Year Loan
outstanding
Gross
income
Interest Principle Total
Repayment
Surplus
1 406755 13400 0 0 13400
2 1044450 215550 174145 174145 41405
3 1044450 750090 125334 300000 425334 324756
4 619116 639690 74294 200000 274294 365396
5 344822 746640 41379 200000 241379 505261
6 200000 663690 24000 200000 224000 439690
F. NPV,IRR
YEARS
ITEM I II III IV V VI
Capital cost 542340 850260
Recurring cost 205940 898310 898310 898310 914110 898310
Capitalised costs 198140 550260
Total cost 550140 1198310 898310 898310 914110 898310
Benifits
Income 21200 779600 1648400 1538000 1660750 1562000
Capitalised costs
Net benefits -528940 -418710 750090 639690 746640 663690
DF at 15% 0.869 0.756 0.657 0.571 0.497 0.432
NPW of costs 478071.66 905922.4 590189.7 512935 454312.7 388069.9
NPW of benefits 18422.8 589377.6 1082999 878198 825392.8 674784
NET PRESENT VALUE
at 15% DF 7,39,672.66
BCR at 15 % DF 1.222157193
Internal rate of return (irr)
of the scheme 46%