The document details the muscles of the thigh and leg, including their compartments and actions. It identifies the major muscle groups and associated actions for movement related to the hip, knee, and foot, structured by compartment (anterior, medial, lateral, and posterior). Additionally, it lists origins and insertions for various muscles, emphasizing their functional roles.

1. Muscles 3 McKinley and O’Laughlin Chapter 12

2. Introduction List the 4 compartments of the thigh. Anterior - extend knee, flex thigh Posterior - flex knee, extend thigh Lateral - abduct thigh Medial - adduct thigh

4. Introduction What structure forms the compartments of the thigh? Fascia lata

5. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Psoas major Origin: Transverse processes of L1-L5 Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur Action: Flex hip. Rotate thigh laterally. Flex vertebral column.

7. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Iliacus Origin: Iliac fossa Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur Action: Flex hip. Rotate thigh laterally.

9. Introduction By what name are the iliacus and psoas major referred to after they pass deep to the inguinal ligament ? Iliopsoas

11. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Sartorius Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: Proximomedial tibia Action: Abduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate thigh. Flex knee.

13. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Adductor longus Origin: Pubis (below crest) Insertion: Linea aspera (middle) Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate thigh

16. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Adductor brevis Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: Linea aspera (proximal) Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate thigh

19. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Gracilis Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: Proximomedial tibia Action: Adduct and flex hip. Medially rotate thigh

21. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Pectineus Origin: Pectineal line of pubis Insertion: Pectineal line of femur Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate thigh

24. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Adductor magnus Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis. Ramus of ischium. Ischial tuberosity. Insertion: Linea aspera. Medial epicondyle of femur (adductor tubercle) Action: Adduct and flex hip. Laterally rotate thigh Hamstring part: extend thigh

28. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine. Anterior iliac crest. Insertion: Lateral tibial condyle via iliotibial tract. Action: Abduct hip. Medially rotate thigh.

30. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Gluteus maximus Origin: Iliac crest. Dorsal sacrum and coccyx Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity (proximal linea aspera). Iliotibial tract. Action: Extend hip. Laterally rotate thigh.

32. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Gluteus medius Origin: Lateral ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter (lateral) Action: Abduct hip. Medially rotate thigh.

34. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Gluteus minimus Origin: Inferolateral ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter (anterior) Action: Abduct hip. Medially rotate thigh.

36. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Piriformis Origin: Anterior sacrum Insertion: Greater trochanter (superior) Action: Abduct flexed hip. Laterally rotate extended thigh.

45. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Biceps femoris Origin: Long head: Ischial tuberosity Short head: Distal linea aspera Insertion: Fibular head Action: Flex knee and laterally rotate leg. Extend thigh.

48. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Semimembranosus Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Posterior to medial tibial condyle Action: Flex knee and medially rotate leg. Extend thigh.

50. Move the Coxal Joint/Thigh Name: Semitendinosus Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Proximomedial tibia Action: Flex knee and medially rotate leg. Extend thigh.

54. Move the Knee/Leg What is the collective name of the group of 4 extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh? Quadriceps femoris group

56. Move the Knee/Leg What is the common insertion of the group of 4 extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh? Tibial tuberosity

57. Move the Knee/Leg What is the common action of the group of 4 extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh? Extend leg at knee

58. Move the Knee/Leg Of the 4 extensors in the anterior comportment of the thigh, which crosses the hip joint and is a flexor of the hip? Rectus femoris

59. Move the Knee/Leg Name: Rectus femoris Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine. Groove superior to acetabulum Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps femoris tendon Action: Extend knee. Flex thigh

60. Move the Knee/Leg Name: Vastus lateralis Origin: Greater trochanter. Linea aspera Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps femoris tendon Action: Extend knee

61. Move the Knee/Leg Name: Vastus medialis Origin: Medial femur. Linea aspera Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps femoris tendon Action: Extend knee

62. Move the Knee/Leg Name: Vastus intermedius Origin: Anterior and lateral femur Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via quadriceps femoris tendon Action: Extend knee

65. Compartments of the Thigh List all of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? 4 Quads Rectus femoris Vastus intermedius, lateralis, medialis Sartorius

67. Compartments of the Thigh List all of the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? Gracilis

69. Compartments of the Thigh List all of the muscles of the lateral compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? Tensor fasciae latae

71. Compartments of the Thigh List all of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint? 3 Hamstrings Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

73. Leg Muscles What is the anatomical term for the muscles of the leg? Crural muscles

74. Leg Muscles How many compartments lie within the leg? 3 List the compartments that lie within the leg. Anterior Lateral Posterior

76. Anterior Compartment of the Leg Name: Extensor digitorum longus Origin: Lateral tibial condyle. Anterior fibula. Interosseus membrane Insertion: Extensor expansions of digits 2-5 Action: Extend digits 2-5. Dorsiflex foot

78. Anterior Compartment of the Leg Name: Extensor hallucis longus Origin: Anterior fibula. Interosseus membrane Insertion: Dorsal base of distal phalanx of hallux Action: Extend digits 1. Dorsiflex foot

80. Anterior Compartment of the Leg Name: Tibialis anterior Origin: Lateral condyle and surface of tibia. Interosseus membrane Insertion: (medial and inferior) Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal Action: Dorsiflex and invert foot

87. Lateral Compartment of the Leg Name: Fibularis longus Origin: Head and lateral fibula Insertion: (inferior) Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal Action: Plantar flex and evert foot

88. Lateral Compartment of the Leg Name: Fibularis brevis Origin: Lateral fibula Insertion: Tuberosity (on base) of 5th metatarsal Action: Evert and weakly plantar flex foot

92. Posterior Compartment of the Leg Name: Gastrocnemius Origin: Lateral head: Lateral to lateral femoral condyle Medial head: Superior to medial femoral condyle Insertion: Tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus (Achilles tendon) Action: Plantar flex foot. Flex knee

94. Posterior Compartment of the Leg Name: Soleus Origin: Soleal line (posterior tibia). Posterior fibula Insertion: Tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus (Achilles tendon) Action: Plantar flex foot

96. Posterior Compartment of the Leg Name: Plantaris Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur Insertion: Tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus (Achilles tendon) Action: Plantar flex foot. Flex knee

99. Posterior Compartment of the Leg Name: Flexor digitorum longus Origin: Posteriomedial tibia Insertion: Inferior distal phalanges 2-5 Action: Flex digits 2-5. Plantar flex foot

101. Posterior Compartment of the Leg Name: Flexor hallucis longus Origin: Posterior fibula. Interosseus membrane Insertion: Inferior distal phalanx 1 Action: Flex digit 1. Plantar flex foot

103. Posterior Compartment of the Leg Name: Tibialis posterior Origin: Interosseus membrane. Posterior tibia and fibula Insertion: Inferior surfaces of navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid and bases of metatarsals 2-4 Action: Plantar flex and invert foot. Support arches

105. Posterior Compartment of the Leg Name: Popliteus Origin: Lateral femoral condyle Insertion: Proximoposterior tibia Action: Unlock knee. Flex knee