This document summarizes the major muscles that move the upper extremities. It describes muscles that move the humerus, including the pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and teres major. It also describes muscles that act on the forearm, including the triceps brachii, biceps brachii, brachioradialis, and brachialis. Finally, it summarizes muscles that move the wrist, hand, and digits, such as the palmar and dorsal interosseous muscles, thenar group, and hypothenar group.

1. Muscles moving the Upper Extremities

2. Muscles that move the HumerusPectoralis majorAction: Flexes, adducts and rotates arm medially at shoulder Origin: Clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage of upper ribsInsertion: Humerus-greater tubercle

3. Latissimus dorsi Action: Extends, adducts and rotates humerus medially, retracts the shoulder (swimmers muscle)Origin: Spine of sacral lumbar and lower thoracic vertebra. Iliac crest, and bottom 4 ribs.Insertion: Intertubercular groove of the humerus.

4. DeltoidAction: Flexes and medially rotates arm, abducts arm, extends and laterally rotates arm.Origin: acromian process, spine of scapula, clavicleInsertion: Deltoid tuberocity of the humerous

5. SupraspinatusAction: Abducts armOrigin : Supraspinous fossa of scapulaInsertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

6. InfraspinatusAction: Adducts and laterally rotates armOrigin: Infraspinous fossa of scapulaInsertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

7. Teres minorAction: Adducts and laterally rotates armOrigin: upper lateral border of scapulaInsertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

8. Teres majorAction: Medially rotates and adducts armOrigin: Inferior angle and lateral border of scapulaInsertion: Crest of lesser tubercle of the humerus

9. Muscles that act on the forearmTriceps brachiiAction: Extend forearmOrigin: Long head-infraglenoid tubercle of the scapulaLateral Head-posterior surface above radial groove.Middle Head-posterior humerous below radial groove.Insertion: Olecranon process of the Ulna

10. Pass, Fail, Pass, FailPronator TeresFlexor carpi radialisPalmaris longusFlexor carpi ulnaris

11. Pronator Teres

12. Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris

13. Palmaris longus

14. THE 3 B’S THAT BEND THE ELBOW:Biceps brachii, Brachioradialis, Brachialis

15. Biceps brachii Action: Flex and supinate the forearmOrigin: Short head- goes to the corocoid process of scapula Long head-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula.Insertion: radiotuberocity and fascia of forearm

16. BrachioradialisAction: Flexes forearmOrigin: lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus.Insertion: Styloid process of radius

17. BrachialisAction: Flexes forearmOrigin: The distal anterior surface of the humerus.Insertion: The coronoid process of the ulna

18. Pronators and SupinatorPronatorsPronator QuadratusAction: Pronates the handOrigin: the distal 4th of the ulnaInsertion: distal 4th of the radiusPronator Teres Action: Pronates forearmOrigin: the medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulnaInsertion: Lateral surface of the radius.

19. PronatorsPronator quadratusPronator teres

20. SupinatorAction:

21. Supinates forearm

22. Origin:

23. the laterally epicondyle of the humerous and crest of the ulna.

24. Insertion:

25. Lateral surface of the proximal 3rd of the radiusMUSCLES THAT MOVE WRIST, HAND AND DIGITS