The document describes a movement-sensed automatic door opening system that utilizes a passive infrared (PIR) sensor to detect body heat and trigger the opening mechanism of the door. It outlines the components, hardware, and software requirements, along with the advantages of automatic doors, particularly for accessibility and safety. The document also suggests further improvements for system efficiency and automation, such as integrating a counting system and advanced sensors.

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Movement Sensed Automatic
Door Opening System

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Introduction:
 Opening and closing of doors is always a tedious job, especially in
places like shopping malls, hotels and theatres where a person is always
required to open the door for visitors.
 Automatic opening and closing of door by sensing any body movement
near the door is achieved with the help of a PIR (Passive Infrared)
sensor.
 A motion detector is a device that detects moving objects, particularly
people. A motion detector is often integrated as a component of a
system that automatically performs.
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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Passive Infrared Sensor (PIR):
 PIR sensors detect a person’s body heat when the person comes in close
proximity. These sensors are small, low power, inexpensive and easy to
use.
 Due to these reasons, PIR sensors are generally used in gadgets, home
appliances, business enterprises, industries, etc. PIR gives digital output
when it detects motion. It consists of pyro-electric sensor that detects
the infrared radiation emitted from humans.
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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Block Diagram:
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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Circuit Diagram:
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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How do automatic doors work?
 A live body generally emits infrared energy which is sensed by the PIR
sensor from a considerable distance.
 This sensing signal is fed to a microcontroller to operate a door motor
through motor driver IC.
 When a body approaches within the operating range of the sensor, it sends
a logical command to open the door.
 The door automatically closes with a fixed time delay. If there is no further
movement within the PIR operating range.
 Interrupt signals are used through switches to avoid locked rotor of motor.
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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Components:
 SENSOR DETECTOR
 MOTOR POWER
 AUTO-SENSING DOOR ROAD TRACKS
 GO DOOR SPREADER WHEEL SYSTEM
 TIMING BELT (SOME MANUFACTURERS USE
THE V-BELT)
 LOWER PART OF THE GUIDANCE SYSTEM
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
 MICROCONTROLLER (AT89C52/S52)
 TRANSFORMER
 PIR SENSOR
 DC MOTOR
 DIODES
 RESISTORS AND CAPACITORS
 CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR.
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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Software Requirements:
 Kiel Compiler,
 Language: Embedded ‘C’ or Assembly
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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Advantages of automatic door:
 For people in wheelchairs and other disabled individuals, automatic doors
are an immense boon, since conventional doors can be very hard to work
with. It may be impossible to open a conventional door while seated in a
wheelchair or navigating with crutches.
 In hospitals and scientific labs, automatic doors can be used to secure an
area by ensuring that the doors are shut at all times, while reducing the
risk of cross-contamination since people do not need to handle the doors
to pass through them.
 Automatic doors can also be useful in warehouses and other facilities
where people frequently have their hands full, contributing to safety and
efficiency by making it easier for people to get around.
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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Further Improvements:
 For an improved, effective system to be implemented and achieved, the
following suggestions should be considered for further work.
 There can be a Display Unit for showing number of persons entered in a
particular room.
 A better sensor is recommended to achieve new functionality. For
instance, a suitable sensor such as radar sensor that could detect
contraband goods in any vehicle.
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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 To achieve full automation, a real time system should be employed and a
Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) system provided for proper monitoring
and security purposes. This can be helpful in detecting the presence of
vehicles before the system is activated.
 Upgrading the system using higher bit microprocessors for speed
optimization.
 Along with this system we can use Face-detection through Camera for
Automated Attendance System.
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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Conclusion:
 Further this can be enhanced interfacing a counting arrangement for
keeping a record of entry and exit of people at particular place.
 This can be achieved by interfacing the system with an EEPROM (non-
volatile memory) to avoid loss of stored data even if the power fails.
 Movement Sensed Automatic Door Opening System is very useful.
Movement Sensed Automatic Door
Opening System

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