The document describes the design and simulation of an E-shaped microstrip patch antenna. Key details include: 1) The antenna has a proposed patch length of 29mm and width of 37mm, with cuts of 6mm and 18mm. 2) The antenna was simulated in IE3D from 1-9GHz with a dielectric constant of 4.3, thickness of 1.5mm, and loss tangent of 0.019. 3) The simulation results showed dual-band behavior with best return losses of -27.69dB at 2GHz, -13.71dB at 6GHz, and -20.35dB at 8GHz. VSWR was lowest at 2GHz at 1.

1. Presented By
Name Roll No.
Sudhaang Mog 29
Punit Patel 35
Bablu Singh 57
Sagar Singh 59
Under the Guidance of :
Prof. P. G. Pawar

2.  An MSA in its simplest form consists of a radiating patch on one side of
a dielectric substrate and a ground plane on the other side.

3.  The patch is a conductor which is etched on dielectric substrate.
 Radiation pattern of antenna depends on size and shape of patch.
 Patches are in variety of shapes such as

4.  The substrates used in microstrip antenna is primarily provide
mechanical strength to antenna.
 A dielectric substrate is defined by its two prime parameters i.e.
permittivity and loss tangent.
 The cost of antenna design is also affected by dielectric material.
Ground plane
 It is the large sheet of metal below the substrate.
 Substrate is used to seprate ground plane to patch.

6.  A conducting strip is connected to the edge of the patch. The feed can be
etched on the substrate.
 Advantage
It is simple and easy to fabricate.
It can be eached on same substrate.
 Disadvantage
It gives undesired radiation.

7.  The inner conductor of the coaxial connector extends through the
dielectric and is soldered to the radiating patch, while the outer
conductor is connected to the ground plane.
 Advantages
Feed can be placed at any desired location.
Low spurious radiation.
 Disadvantages
Narrow bandwidth and difficult to model.

8.  Coupling between the patch and feed line is made through a slot or an
aperture in the ground plane.
 Advantage
Eliminates spurious radition.
 Disadvantage
Fabrication process is difficult.

9.  Two dielectric substrates are used such that the feed line is between the two
substrates and the radiating patch is on top of the upper substrate.

10.  Low weight, low profile planar configuration and low volume.
 Low cost of fabrication and ease of manufacturing.
 They allow for dual- and triple-frequency operations.
 They can be made compact for use in personal mobile communication.

11.  Narrow BW;
 Lower gain;
 Low power-handling capability.

12.  Used in mobile satellite communication system.
 Direct broad cast television(DBS).
 Wire less LAN’s.
 Feed elements in coaxial system
 GPS system.
 Missiles and telementry

13.  The analysis methods for MSAs can be broadly divided into two groups.
 The methods are based on equivalent magnetic current distribution
around the patch edges
 There are three popular analytical techniques:
 The transmission line model;
 The cavity model;
 The MNM.

14.  In the second group, the methods are based on the electric current
distribution on the patch conductor and the ground plane
 Some of the numerical methods for analyzing MSAs are listed as
follows:
 The method of moments (MoM);
 The finite-element method (FEM);
 The spectral domain technique (SDT);
 The finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method.

16. 1) The Patch width
Substituting,
C= 3*10^8;
F=2.5 GHz;
Dielectric constant=4.3;
We get, w= 37mm

17. Substituting,
H=1.5mm;
W=37mm;
We get,
= 4

18.  Effective length,
Effective length = 0.03m
 Extended length,
Extended length= 7.0812 * 10^-4m
 Length of the patch
Length of patch = 29mm

19.  proposed E–Shape rectangular microstrip patch antenna dimension length 29 mm,
width 37 mm. cut into slot w1 is 6 mm &W2 is 18 mm. This antenna 50 Ω microstrip
feed line are used.
 The proposed antenna has: -
 Proposed patch length = 29 mm
 Proposed patch width = 37 mm
 Cut width W1= 6 mm
 Cut width W2= 18 mm

20. In this project we design an E-shape rectangular microstrip patch antenna.
It has dual frequency band with center frequency 2.5 GHz, thickness
1.5mm, dielectric constant 4.3, loss tangent 0.019 are simulated at 1-9 GHz
frequency. The best result of L and C band, return loss is three notch -
27.69,-13.71&-20.35dB, VSWR value is 1.086, 1.52 & 1.213 in 2, 6 &
8GHz frequency. Bandwidth up to 33%, 31% and 54%. Antenna efficiency
is 88%. This antenna is very effective in communication.

22.  IE3D is an integral equation and method of moment based EM simulator.
 IE3D mainly focuses on general planar and 3D metallic structures in
layered dielectric environments. It is very efficient, accurate and flexible
for such structures.
 IE3D can also model 3D dielectric structures such as patch antennas with
finite substrates and dielectric resonator antennas.

23.  Microwave circuits and MICs
 Microwave, RF and wireless antennas.
 RFID tag antennas.
 Many other low to high frequency structures.

24.  For proposed design the value of
VSWR is effective between 1GHz to
9 GHz, for this value return loss is
minimum at 2 GHz return loss is -
27.69 dB and VSWR is 1.086, At 6
GHz VSWR is 1.52, 8 GHz VSWR
1.213.

25.  The return loss curve Fig.2 show
the best result in Dual band
frequency is return loss is – 27.69,
-13.71, -20.35 dB. The best result
is 2 GHz frequency is – 27.69 dB

26.  By studying Microstrip patch antenna we have learned about the
Radiation Pattern, Bandwidth, VSWR and loss characteristics of the E –
shape antenna.