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Metode ini sering disebut juga dual simplex
algorithm adalah suatu prosedur
perhitungan yang memberikan suatu solusi
layak optimum, meskipun solusi awalnya
tidak layak. Pertama kali disusun oleh
LEMKE. Banyak digunakan dalam post
optimally analysis.
Minimumkan Z = 4X1 + 2X2
Dengan syarat
3X1 + X2 ≥ 27
X1 + X2 ≥ 21
X1 + 2X2 ≥ 30
X1 dan X2 ≥ 0
LANGKAH PERTAMA
• adalah mengubah semua kendala menjadi pertidak samaan ≤
𝑎𝑔𝑎𝑟 𝑡𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑘 𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑢ℎ𝑘𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑡 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 dan kemudian tambahkan
variabe Slack, sehingga diperoleh
• Minimumkan Z = 4X1 + 2X2
• Dengan syarat -3X1 – X2 + S1 = -27
• -X1 – X2 + S2 = -21
• -X1 – 2X2 + S3 = -30
• X1 > 0, X2 > 0, S1 > 0, S2 > 0, dan S3 > 0.
Jika bentuk baku di atas diekspresikan sebagai suatu
tabel simpleks awal, maka terlihat bahwa variabel
slack (S1, S2, dan S3) tidak memberikan solusi awal
layak. Karena ini merupakan masalah minimasi
sementara semua koefisien pada persamaan Z
adalah ≤ 0, maka solusi awal S1 = -27, S2 = -21, dan
S3 = -30 adalah optimum tetapi tidak layak. Ini
merupakan ciri khas dari masalah yang dapat
diselesaikan dengan metode dual simpleks.
Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z 1 -4 -2 0 0 0 0
S1 0 -3 -1 1 0 0 -21
S2 0 -1 -1 0 1 0 -27
S3 0 -1 -2 0 0 1 -30
Tabel solusi awal optimum tapi tak layak adalah
Seperti pada metode simpleks, metode ini didasarkan pada
optimality and feasibility condition.
Feasibility Condition : Leaving variable adalah variable basis
yang memiliki nilai negatif terbesar (nilai kembar dipilih
sembarang). Jika semua variable basis non negative, proses
berakhir dan solusi layak yang telah optimum tercapai.
Feasibility Condition : Leaving variable dipilih dari variable non
basis dengan cara sebagai berikut. Buat rasio antara koefisien
persamaan Z dengan koefisien yang pada leaving variable.
Seperti table berikut
Basis X1 X2 S1 S2 S3
Persamaan Z -4 -2 0 0 0
Persamaan S3 -1 -2 0 0 1
Rasio 4 1
RASIO ENTERING VARIABEL
Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z 1 -4 -2 0 0 0 0
S1 0 -3 -1 1 0 0 -27
S2 0 -1 -1 0 1 0 -21
S3 0 -1 -2 0 0 1 -30
Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z
S1
S2
X2 0 1/2 1 0 0 -1/2 15
MENENTUKAN TABEL BARU
BARIS Z
-4 -2 0 0 0 0
-2 ½ 1 0 0 -1/2 15 -
-3 0 0 0 -1 30
-3 -1 1 0 0 -27
-1 ½ 1 0 0 -1/2 15 -
-5/2 0 1 0 -1/2 -12
BARIS S1
-1 -1 0 1 0 -21
-1 ½ 1 0 0 -1/2 15 -
-1/2 0 0 1 -1/2 -6
BARIS S2
Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z 1 -3 0 0 0 -1 30
S1 0 -5/2 0 1 0 -1/2 -12
S2 0 -1/2 0 0 1 -1/2 -6
X2 0 1/2 1 0 0 -1/2 15
Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z 1
x1 0 1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5
S2 0
X2 0
MENENTUKAN TABEL BARU
BARIS Z
-3 0 0 0 -1 30
-3 1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5
0 0 -6/5 0 -2/5 222/5
-1/2 0 0 1 -1/2 -6
-1/2 1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5
0 0 -1/5 1 -2/5 -18/5
BARIS S2
1/2 1 0 0 -1/2 15
1/2 1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5
0 1 1/5 0 -3/5 63/5
BARIS x2
Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z 1 0 0 -6/5 0 -2/5 222/5
x1 0 1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5
S2 0 0 0 -1/5 1 -2/5 -18/5
X2 0 0 1 1/5 0 -3/5 63/5
Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z 1
x1 0
S3 0 0 0 1 -5 2 18
X2 0
MENENTUKAN TABEL BARU
BARIS Z
0 0 -6/5 0 -2/5 222/5
-6/5 0 0 1 -5 2 18
0 0 0 -6 2 66
1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5
-2/5 0 0 1 -5 2 18
1 0 0 -2 1 12
BARIS x1
0 1 1/5 0 -3/5 63/5
1/5 0 0 1 -5 2 18
0 1 0 1 -1 9
BARIS x2
Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z 1 0 0 -6 2 0 66
x1 0 1 0 -2 1 0 12
S3 0 0 0 1 -5 1 18
X2 0 0 1 0 1 -1 9
Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z 1 0 0 -6 2 0 66
x1 0 1 0 -2 1 0 12
S3 0 0 0 1 -5 1 18
X2 0 0 1 0 1 -1 9
JADI Z = 66, X1= 12 DAN X2 = 9 dan S3 = 18
Metode simpleks dual

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Metode simpleks dual

  • 1.
  • 2. Metode ini sering disebut juga dual simplex algorithm adalah suatu prosedur perhitungan yang memberikan suatu solusi layak optimum, meskipun solusi awalnya tidak layak. Pertama kali disusun oleh LEMKE. Banyak digunakan dalam post optimally analysis.
  • 3. Minimumkan Z = 4X1 + 2X2 Dengan syarat 3X1 + X2 ≥ 27 X1 + X2 ≥ 21 X1 + 2X2 ≥ 30 X1 dan X2 ≥ 0
  • 4. LANGKAH PERTAMA • adalah mengubah semua kendala menjadi pertidak samaan ≤ 𝑎𝑔𝑎𝑟 𝑡𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑘 𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑢𝑡𝑢ℎ𝑘𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑡 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 dan kemudian tambahkan variabe Slack, sehingga diperoleh • Minimumkan Z = 4X1 + 2X2 • Dengan syarat -3X1 – X2 + S1 = -27 • -X1 – X2 + S2 = -21 • -X1 – 2X2 + S3 = -30 • X1 > 0, X2 > 0, S1 > 0, S2 > 0, dan S3 > 0.
  • 5. Jika bentuk baku di atas diekspresikan sebagai suatu tabel simpleks awal, maka terlihat bahwa variabel slack (S1, S2, dan S3) tidak memberikan solusi awal layak. Karena ini merupakan masalah minimasi sementara semua koefisien pada persamaan Z adalah ≤ 0, maka solusi awal S1 = -27, S2 = -21, dan S3 = -30 adalah optimum tetapi tidak layak. Ini merupakan ciri khas dari masalah yang dapat diselesaikan dengan metode dual simpleks.
  • 6. Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi Z 1 -4 -2 0 0 0 0 S1 0 -3 -1 1 0 0 -21 S2 0 -1 -1 0 1 0 -27 S3 0 -1 -2 0 0 1 -30 Tabel solusi awal optimum tapi tak layak adalah
  • 7. Seperti pada metode simpleks, metode ini didasarkan pada optimality and feasibility condition. Feasibility Condition : Leaving variable adalah variable basis yang memiliki nilai negatif terbesar (nilai kembar dipilih sembarang). Jika semua variable basis non negative, proses berakhir dan solusi layak yang telah optimum tercapai. Feasibility Condition : Leaving variable dipilih dari variable non basis dengan cara sebagai berikut. Buat rasio antara koefisien persamaan Z dengan koefisien yang pada leaving variable. Seperti table berikut
  • 8. Basis X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Persamaan Z -4 -2 0 0 0 Persamaan S3 -1 -2 0 0 1 Rasio 4 1 RASIO ENTERING VARIABEL
  • 9. Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi Z 1 -4 -2 0 0 0 0 S1 0 -3 -1 1 0 0 -27 S2 0 -1 -1 0 1 0 -21 S3 0 -1 -2 0 0 1 -30 Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi Z S1 S2 X2 0 1/2 1 0 0 -1/2 15
  • 10. MENENTUKAN TABEL BARU BARIS Z -4 -2 0 0 0 0 -2 ½ 1 0 0 -1/2 15 - -3 0 0 0 -1 30 -3 -1 1 0 0 -27 -1 ½ 1 0 0 -1/2 15 - -5/2 0 1 0 -1/2 -12 BARIS S1 -1 -1 0 1 0 -21 -1 ½ 1 0 0 -1/2 15 - -1/2 0 0 1 -1/2 -6 BARIS S2
  • 11. Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi Z 1 -3 0 0 0 -1 30 S1 0 -5/2 0 1 0 -1/2 -12 S2 0 -1/2 0 0 1 -1/2 -6 X2 0 1/2 1 0 0 -1/2 15
  • 12. Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi Z 1 x1 0 1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5 S2 0 X2 0
  • 13. MENENTUKAN TABEL BARU BARIS Z -3 0 0 0 -1 30 -3 1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5 0 0 -6/5 0 -2/5 222/5 -1/2 0 0 1 -1/2 -6 -1/2 1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5 0 0 -1/5 1 -2/5 -18/5 BARIS S2 1/2 1 0 0 -1/2 15 1/2 1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5 0 1 1/5 0 -3/5 63/5 BARIS x2
  • 14. Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi Z 1 0 0 -6/5 0 -2/5 222/5 x1 0 1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5 S2 0 0 0 -1/5 1 -2/5 -18/5 X2 0 0 1 1/5 0 -3/5 63/5
  • 15. Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi Z 1 x1 0 S3 0 0 0 1 -5 2 18 X2 0
  • 16. MENENTUKAN TABEL BARU BARIS Z 0 0 -6/5 0 -2/5 222/5 -6/5 0 0 1 -5 2 18 0 0 0 -6 2 66 1 0 -2/5 0 1/5 24/5 -2/5 0 0 1 -5 2 18 1 0 0 -2 1 12 BARIS x1 0 1 1/5 0 -3/5 63/5 1/5 0 0 1 -5 2 18 0 1 0 1 -1 9 BARIS x2
  • 17. Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi Z 1 0 0 -6 2 0 66 x1 0 1 0 -2 1 0 12 S3 0 0 0 1 -5 1 18 X2 0 0 1 0 1 -1 9
  • 18. Basis Z X1 X2 S1 S2 S3 Solusi Z 1 0 0 -6 2 0 66 x1 0 1 0 -2 1 0 12 S3 0 0 0 1 -5 1 18 X2 0 0 1 0 1 -1 9
  • 19. JADI Z = 66, X1= 12 DAN X2 = 9 dan S3 = 18