Measuring personality
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Personality can be measured through observation of behavior, standardized tests like the Rorschach inkblot test, and assessments of preferences like the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator which categorizes people into types based on preferences for extraversion/introversion, sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling, and judging/perceiving. The Myers-Briggs assessment was developed by Katherine Briggs and Isabel Myers based on how people direct their energy, process information, make decisions, and manage their lives.
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Measuring personality
This document discusses various methods for measuring personality, including clinical methods relying on direct observation, psychometric methods using self-report tests, and experimental techniques. It describes personality tests and inventories that ask set questions, as well as projective techniques where ambiguous stimuli are presented to reveal unconscious aspects of personality. Specific projective methods mentioned include the Rorschach inkblot test, Thematic Apperception Test, and other picture tests. The document provides an overview of approaches to quantitatively and qualitatively assessing personality traits.
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Raymond cattell [autosaved]
Raymond Cattell was a British-American psychologist known for his research on personality traits using factor analysis. He identified 16 primary personality factors and classified traits as common vs. unique, abilities vs. temperament vs. dynamic, and surface vs. source traits. Cattell's research showed both genetic and environmental influences on personality and proposed six stages of development across the lifespan. He developed the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire to assess personality traits.
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Measuring personality
This document discusses various methods for measuring personality, including clinical methods relying on direct observation, psychometric methods using self-report tests, and experimental techniques. It describes personality tests and inventories that ask set questions, as well as projective techniques where ambiguous stimuli are presented to reveal unconscious aspects of personality. Specific projective methods mentioned include the Rorschach inkblot test, Thematic Apperception Test, and other picture tests. The document provides an overview of approaches to quantitatively and qualitatively assessing personality traits.
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1. Faculty theory which views intelligence as consisting of independent mental faculties.
2. One factor theory which reduces all abilities to a single general intelligence factor.
3. Spearman's two-factor theory comprising a general intelligence ("g") factor and specific factors.
4. Thorndike's multifactor theory which identified four attributes of intelligence.
5. Thurstone's primary mental abilities theory identifying six primary factors.
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1) Keep records of each student's needs, interests, abilities, and adjustment problems.
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3) Provide objective data to help counselors identify each student's strengths and opportunities.
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2) Maslow developed his hierarchy of needs which proposes that people are motivated to fulfill basic physiological needs and then progress to seeking safety, love, esteem and self-actualization.
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1. types of psychological tests by S.Lakshmanan Psychologist
My sincere thanks to: - Professor Dr. V.Suresh
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Dear Viewers, Please, See this updated version of the types of psychological tests in this www.slideshare.net
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1) Originally, psychology was defined as the science of the soul by Greek philosophers like Plato and Aristotle.
2) In the 18th-19th centuries, psychology was defined as the science of the mind, with thinkers like Descartes and Kant substituting "mind" for "soul".
3) In the late 19th century, psychologists like William James defined it as the science of consciousness, focusing on sensory experiences.
4) In the early 20th century, with theorists like Watson and Skinner, psychology became defined as the science of observable human behavior.
Trait theories personality theories
personality traits are "enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself that are exhibited in a wide range of social and personal contexts." A trait is what we call a characteristic way in which an individual perceives, feels, believes, or acts.
Trait theories are the following
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Personality can be summarized in 3 main points:
1. Personality is the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique. It arises from biological and environmental factors.
2. Freud proposed that personality has three parts - the id, ego, and superego - that influence behavior. Neo-Freudians like Jung and Adler expanded on his work.
3. Jung described four main personality types - extroversion/introversion and sensing/intuition that influence learning styles and decision-making. How people perceive and judge information differs depending on their dominant personality traits.
Critical thinking
This document discusses critical thinking for information development. It defines critical thinking as a process of self-regulatory judgment that drives problem-solving and decision-making. It also identifies barriers to critical thinking such as poor reading/listening skills and prejudice. Additionally, it outlines reasons for thinking critically such as enhancing language skills and promoting creativity. The document provides tips for thinking critically such as understanding logical connections, identifying inconsistencies, and focusing on accuracy and empathic thinking. It concludes with references for further reading.
O.b. c 6 perception and individual decision making
This document discusses perception and individual decision making. It explains that perception is how individuals interpret sensory impressions to make meaning of their environment, and is influenced by factors in the perceiver, situation, and target. It also discusses attribution theory and how people make judgments about others. Common shortcuts in judging others like selective perception, halo effect, and stereotyping are explained. The document then discusses factors that influence individual decision making like bounded rationality and intuition. It also outlines several common biases that can impact decision making. Finally, it discusses how personality, gender, and mental ability can influence decision making processes.
janelle.pptx
This document discusses personal development and personal identity. It defines self-awareness as understanding one's own personality, values, emotions, and thoughts. There are two types of self-awareness: internal awareness of one's emotions and how they affect actions, and external awareness of how others perceive one's thoughts and actions. The document provides an exercise to help identify personal strengths by choosing a domain, asking explanatory questions, listing strengths, and further developing strengths. Personal identity is defined as unique factors that make up who a person is, influenced by important people and composed of self-image, ideal self, and self-esteem. Knowing oneself is important to live authentically and find happiness.
Organizational Behavior: Personality
This document discusses personality in three paragraphs. It defines personality as the sum total of ways an individual reacts and interacts with others. It then lists the three main determinants of personality as heredity, environmental factors, and situational conditions. The second paragraph discusses heredity factors in more detail, including genes, twin studies, and personality change over time. The third paragraph introduces two frameworks for describing personality traits: the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the Big Five Model.
INTELLIGENCE BY SIMUNYAMA......... P.pptx
The document discusses measuring and determining intelligence. It describes how Alfred Binet developed early intelligence tests to measure children's intelligence quotients (IQs). It explains that IQ is calculated by dividing a person's mental age by their chronological age and multiplying by 100. A person's environment and the opportunities they receive can impact their ability to maximize their inherited intelligence. The document also covers extremes of intelligence like mental retardation and giftedness. It lists factors like heredity, environment, gender, and race that can influence a person's intelligence.
Personality lecture
Personality is defined as the sum total of ways an individual reacts to and interacts with others, as well as measurable traits they exhibit. It is influenced by heredity, environment, and situation, and described through enduring characteristics like the Big Five model of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator assesses personality types based on four dichotomous scales of extraversion/introversion, sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling, and judging/perceiving.
Big 5 personality model
The document discusses personality models, focusing on the Big Five personality model. It describes the Big Five dimensions as openness to experience, conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, and neuroticism. Each dimension is defined in terms of its characteristics and sub-traits. The Big Five aims to capture differences between individuals and was originally derived in 1970 through analyzing data from personality surveys. It is now widely accepted in the scientific community for studying how personality changes over time and relates to other variables.
Ob slides - personality
This document discusses personality and different models for understanding it. It describes the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) which sorts people into four dichotomous dimensions. It also discusses the Big Five model of personality which looks at extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness. While these frameworks provide insight, no single model can fully capture a person's personality. Situational factors also influence behavior.
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O.b. c 6 perception and individual decision making
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Measuring personality
- 1. Page 1
- 2. Page 2
- 3. Page 3 •There are different ways to measure personality. One is by observing people’s behavior. This is quite limited as other people may not be able to observe
- 4. Page 4 •all aspects of personality such as loneliness, which is internal and is observed by others very subjectively.
- 5. Page 5 Personality can be measured using: •Rorschach Inkblot Test •Myers-Briggs Type Indicator •Keirsey Temperament Sorter
- 6. Page 6 Rorschach Inkblot Test
- 7. Page 7 Keirsey Temperament Sorter
- 8. Page 8 •Katherine Briggs and Isabel Myers developed this based on four preferences of individuals.
- 9. Page 9
- 10. Page 10 • Is how an individual prefers to channel to his or her energy when dealing with people, whether it is inward (introversion) or outward (extraversion)
- 11. Page 11
- 12. Page 12 • Is how one prefers to process information, whether through the use of senses such as being able to describe what one sees, or intuitively like dealing with ideas
- 13. Page 13
- 14. Page 14
- 15. Page 15 • Is how an individual prefers to make decisions, either thinking or using logic and analysis, or feeling which uses the cognitive senses based on values or beliefs
- 16. Page 16
- 17. Page 17
- 18. Page 18 • Is how an individual prefers to manage one’s life, whether through judging which means a planned and organized life, versus perception, which has a more flexible approach to living
- 19. Page 19
- 20. Page 20