Pronunciation 5
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The document discusses two vowel sounds: /aI/ and /I/. Vowel sound /aI/ is produced with the tongue low and front part raised, lips spread to neutral, and a wide jaw opening. It is found in words containing letters like i, y, igh, and ei. Vowel sound /I/ is produced with the tongue nearly half close, the front-hinder part of the tongue highest, lips spread or neutral, and a narrow to medium jaw opening. It is found in words containing letters like i, y, e, and a. Examples of words containing each vowel sound are provided.
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This document describes the vowel sounds /i:/ and /e/ in English. For the vowel sound /i:/, the tongue is nearly close, the center front part of the tongue is highest, the lips are spread or neutral, and the jaw opening is narrow to medium. Examples of words containing the /i:/ sound include tree, see, complete, and immediate. The vowel sound /e/ has the tongue in an intermediate height between half-close and half-open, the front part of the tongue is raised, the lips are spread or neutral, and the jaw opening is medium. Words containing the /e/ sound include pen, seven, head, and any.
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Here are the answers to your VIVA questions:
1. Linguistics is the scientific study of human language. It involves analyzing language structure, use, context, and meaning.
2. Phonetics is the study of speech sounds or phonemes. It deals with the physical properties of sound and speech production and perception.
3. RP stands for Received Pronunciation. It refers to a particular accent or dialect of English that is considered standard in the UK.
4. IPA stands for International Phonetic Alphabet. It is a system of phonetic notation based on standardized symbols for the representation of speech sounds.
5. We learn phonetics to understand how sounds are produced in
The Sounds of English ^_^
The document discusses consonant and vowel sounds in English. It defines consonants and describes their point and manner of articulation. It explains the different types of consonant sounds including stops, fricatives, affricates, nasals, laterals, and semi-vowels. It then discusses English vowel sounds using the vowel triangle to show their positions in the mouth. It provides examples of pure vowels and diphthongs. It concludes with a brief discussion of word stress rules in English.
the vowel description por Silvia Carrera Arias
This document provides information about vowels in Spanish, English, and French. It includes:
1) Charts showing the vowel phonemes of each language classified by height, backness, and lip rounding.
2) Descriptions and diagrams of tongue positioning for individual vowels like Spanish /i/, /e/, /a/ and their English equivalents.
3) Definitions of diphthongs as vowels that change position in the mouth, and information on other aspects of vowel production like voicing and tongue tension.
Vowel description by silvia carrera
This document provides information about vowels and consonants in English and Spanish. It begins with an introduction to vowels, including their classification based on height, backness, and lip shape. It then examines specific vowels in English (/i/, /e/, /æ/), Spanish (/i/, /e/, /a/), and French. Diphthongs are also discussed, with charts showing diphthongs in English and Spanish. Consonant contrasts between stops in English and Spanish are briefly covered. In summary, this document analyzes the phonetic properties of vowels and consonants across multiple languages through diagrams, charts, and textual explanations.
The Vowel por Wendy Ramos Salazar
This document provides information about vowels and consonants in English and Spanish. It begins with an introduction to vowels, including their classification based on height, backness, and lip shape. It then examines specific vowels in English (/i/, /e/, /æ/) and Spanish (/i/, /e/, /a/) in more detail. The document also discusses diphthongs, providing charts of diphthongs in English and Spanish. It analyzes similarities and differences between certain diphthongs, such as /oy/ and /ɔy/. Finally, the document briefly covers consonant contrasts between English and Spanish stops.
Vowels
This presentation will help the learners to learn in detail about the vowel sounds of English language
Phonetics presentation part i
This document provides information on various linguistic concepts related to phonetics and morphology.
It begins with an overview of the key elements of English language phonology including phonetics, phonemes, and Received Pronunciation. It then discusses morphology, defining morphology, morphemes (free and bound), and provides examples.
The document also covers specific linguistic concepts in more depth including the individual speech sounds of vowels and consonants, describing their articulation and distribution. It provides a detailed analysis of English pure vowel sounds using the cardinal vowel diagram and IPA phonetic symbols.
L, R and Syllabic Consonants
The document discusses liquids sounds /l/ and /r/ and how they are formed with more movement of the speech organs compared to other consonants. It explains that when a front vowel is followed by /l/ or /r/, an intermediary schwa sound /ə/ is inserted as the tongue moves from the front vowel position to the back position required for /l/ or /r/. This produces words like "seal" being pronounced as /siyəl/, "well" as /wɛəl/, and "shall" as /ʃæəl/.
DOC-20221130-WA0000..pptx
This document discusses the principles of classifying English vowel sounds. It identifies five key principles: stability of articulation, position of the tongue, position of the lips, length of vowels, and degree of tenseness and character of the vowel end. Under these principles, vowels are classified as monophthongs, diphthongoids, or diphthongs depending on the stability of articulation. They are also classified based on the horizontal and vertical position of the tongue, whether the lips are rounded or unrounded, if they are long or short, and the degree of tenseness and character of their end.
Diphthongs
In this presentation you will find a brief explanation on English diphthongs, their articulation and a summary on their graphic representation.
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Asas pendidikan
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Ruang lingkup
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang perencanaan pendidikan, termasuk ruang lingkup, karakteristik, dimensi, tujuan, dan kendala pendidikan. Dibahas pula tentang pengelompokan masalah pendidikan, format perencanaan berdasarkan segi umum, fisik, sosial, dan administrasi, serta dua orientasi kegiatan pendidikan yakni proses sosial dan lingkungan fisik.
Ruang lingkup pendidikan
Pendidikan melibatkan berbagai lingkungan seperti keluarga, sekolah, dan masyarakat yang membentuk tripusat pendidikan. Setiap lingkungan memberikan pengaruh tersendiri dalam proses pendidikan, baik secara fisik, sosial budaya, intelektual, keagamaan, dan nilai-nilai. Tripusat pendidikan berperan penting dalam mencapai tujuan membangun sumber daya manusia yang bermutu.
Hakikat pendidikan
Dokumen tersebut merangkum tentang hakikat pendidikan. Pendidikan adalah upaya untuk mengembangkan potensi manusia sesuai nilai-nilai masyarakat melalui proses interaksi antara subjek didik dan pendidik, yang bertujuan mempersiapkan individu menghadapi perubahan lingkungan sepanjang hayat. Pendidikan juga meningkatkan kualitas hidup pribadi dan masyarakat.
pronunciation 7
The document describes two sets of phonetic features and examples. The first set has a below-half-open tongue height, with the back part of the tongue raised, and open lips with a medium to wide jaw distance. Example words given are "oar" and "ore or our". The second set has a fully open tongue height with the back part highest, open lips with a medium to wide jaw distance. Example words provided include "o", "a", "ou, ow", and "au".
Vowel sound
The document describes the tongue position and lip and jaw movements for two speech sounds. The first sound has the tongue halfway between the open and closed positions, with the central part of the tongue highest at the junction of the front and back. The lips are spread with a narrow opening between the jaws. The second sound has the back of the tongue highest, with the lips between open and rounded and a medium to wide opening between the jaws.
pronunciation table
The document describes the classification of English consonant and vowel sounds. It discusses the place and manner of articulation for consonants. Place of articulation refers to where in the vocal tract a consonant sound is produced, such as bilabial, alveolar, or velar. Manner of articulation describes how the articulators are involved, such as stops, fricatives, nasals, or approximants. It also discusses various articulatory features that distinguish vowels, including height, backness, roundedness, and nasalization. Monophthongs are pure vowel sounds that do not change in quality over time, while diphthongs and triphthongs glide between qualities.
pronunciation 1
The document discusses the human mechanism for producing speech sounds. It describes how air flows from the lungs through the trachea and larynx. In the larynx, the vocal cords can be positioned to produce either voiced sounds by vibrating or voiceless sounds by being further apart. The positions of the vocal cords and the air flowing through them determines if a sound is voiced or voiceless. The document also discusses the anatomy of the mouth, including the hard and soft palate, tongue, and pharynx. Additionally, it notes that in writing, words use letters, while in speech they use sounds, and the same sound can be represented by different letters.
Phrasal verbs
This document discusses phrasal verbs, which are verbs combined with prepositions or adverbs that can change the meaning of the verb. A phrasal verb's meaning is sometimes similar to the base verb but is often very different. The adverb or preposition can significantly alter the meaning. Additionally, many phrasal verbs have multiple meanings depending on context, so care must be taken to understand the intended definition. Examples are provided to illustrate how phrasal verbs can have related or completely different meanings than the base verb.
Preposition
Prepositions are words that show relationships of time, place, direction, etc. between nouns or pronouns. This document lists and provides examples of many common English prepositions such as on, up, down, above, below, over, under, by, around, across, along, between, among, beyond, instead, through, toward, onto, into, and out of. It explains the meanings and uses of these prepositions in detail with multiple examples for each one.
Suffixes
This document summarizes common suffixes in the English language and their meanings. It discusses suffixes such as:
-er, -or, -ist, and -ian which describe people and their occupations (e.g. teacher, actor, artist). It also discusses suffixes like -ation, -sion, -ion, and -tion which indicate an act or process (e.g. information, decision, creation). Additionally, it covers suffixes like -ary, -ery, -y, -ty, and -ity which indicate a state or condition (e.g. boundary, bribery, purity). The document provides numerous examples for each suffix discussed.
Uncountable nouns
Uncountable nouns refer to substances, liquids, gases, and ideas. They don't have a plural form and are used with singular verbs. Common uncountable nouns include information, wood, water, air, and money.
Plural nouns are formed in several irregular ways, including changing vowels, adding suffixes like -en or -s, or changing consonants. For example, the plural of man is men, the plural of ox is oxen, and the plural of knife is knives. Some nouns from Latin and Greek can be made plural by changing suffixes as well, such as stimuli from stimulus or analyses from analysis.
Verbs
This document summarizes the proper uses of several English verbs:
- Come expresses movement toward the speaker, while go expresses movement away. Come is also used to describe improving states, while go describes worsening states.
- Gone means to have left a place, while been means to have gone away and returned.
- Bring means to cause someone or something to come, while take means to cause someone or something to go.
- Remember refers to recalling past events or intentions, stop refers to ceasing an action, forget refers to being unable to recall, and love refers to having a strong positive feeling.
- Make, do, have, and take are used in specific contexts like making mistakes or meals,
Prefixes
This document discusses prefixes and their meanings. It provides examples of common prefixes like un-, im-, in-, il-, ir-, and dis- that give words a negative meaning. It also discusses other prefixes and their meanings, such as re- (again), over- (too much), mis- (badly or incorrectly), bi- (two), semi- (half/partly), post- (after), ante- (before), inter- (between), bene- (good, well), mal- and male- (evil, ill, bad), de- ("down", "down from", "opposite of"), extra- (outside), and intra- (within). Examples are given to illustrate the meaning and usage
Idioms
This document defines and provides examples of idioms. It explains that idioms are groups of words with meanings that differ from the literal definitions. Idioms do not always translate well and their meanings cannot be deduced from the individual words. Examples of common English idioms are provided such as "get a move on", "call it a day", and "bear something in mind". The document also discusses fixed expressions that have clear meanings in one language but require different expressions when translated. Overall, the document introduces idioms, provides examples to illustrate how their meanings differ from the literal words, and notes challenges that can occur when translating idioms across languages.
Connecting and linking
This document discusses various words and phrases used to connect and link ideas, events, reasons, and contrasts in sentences and paragraphs. It covers temporal connectors like when, as soon as, while to indicate things happening simultaneously or sequentially. It also discusses additive connectors like furthermore, in addition, and contrastive connectors like although, whereas, however, except to juxtapose two opposing ideas. Finally, it discusses causal connectors like because, as, since, due to, owing to, consequently to express reasons and results.
Compound nouns
Compound nouns are made up of two nouns or an adjective and a noun, such as alarm clock or parking meter. They can be written as one, two or hyphenated words with no set rule, so a dictionary should be checked. The main stress is usually on the first part but sometimes both. Compound adjectives also combine two or three words, often with a present or past participle as the second part, and can include a hyphen before but not after a noun, with equal stress on both parts. Numbers can be combined with singular nouns to form compound adjectives like a five-minute walk.
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Pronunciation 5
- 1. Vowel Sounds /aI/ and /I/
- 2. Vowel Sound /aI/ /ai/ is the so-called ‘long’ sound of letters i and y; time /taI m/, fly /flaI/ Features: Height of tongue: low Part of tongue raised: the front Position of lips: spread to neutral Opening between the jaws: rather wide Examples: i, y – write /raIt/, cry /kraI/ igh, eigh – high /haI/, height /haIt/ ie, ye – die /daI/, dye /daI/ ei, ai – either /'aID@r/, aisle /aIl/ exceptional: eye /aI/, buy /baI/
- 3. Vowel Sound /I/ Features: height of tongue: nearly ‘half close’ part of the tongue which is highest: the hinder part of the ‘front’ position of lips: spread or neutral opening between the jaws: narrow to medium Examples: i – fit /fIt/, rich /rIʧ/ y – symbol /'sImbl/, city /'sIti:/ e – become /bI'köm/, descend /dI'send/ ie – ladies /'leidIs/, cities /'sItIs/ a – village /'vIlIʤ /, private /'praIv@t/ exceptional – minute /'mInIt/, women /'wImI n/ Sunday /'söndeI /, pretty /'prIti:/, England /'Iŋgl@nd/, English /'IŋglIS/, busy /'bIzi:/ lettuce / 'letIs /