The document provides an overview of phonetics, which is the study of human speech sounds. It discusses how sounds are produced, transmitted, and received. Phonetics describes speech sounds using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) symbols for consonants, vowels, and diphthongs. It also covers topics like voiced vs voiceless sounds, minimal pairs, phonetic transcription, and digraphs.

1. /fƏnetɪks/

2.  Phonetics is general study of all human speech sounds
and how they are produced ,transmitted and received.
Organs of speech

3.  A knowledge of phonetics enables teachers to:
1) give a true description of sounds of English and
how they are made.
2) point out the mistakes in learner’s pronunciation
and help them learn the correct form.
3) differentiate sounds of English from those of the
mother tongue.

4.  Phonetics describes these sounds using symbols
of IPA

5. 1-Consonants
2-Vowels
3-Diphthongs

6. The smallest unit of sound in speech.
e.g /m/,/k/
1 phonemic symbol = only 1 phoneme
1 letter may = more than 1 phoneme

9. 1-Voiced : a sound is voiced if the vocal cords
vibrate.
/ b, g , v,d,z,Ʒ,ʤ,ð,l,r,w,j,m,n,ɳ/
2- Voiceless(unvoiced): a sound is voiceless if the
vocal cords are not vibrating.
/p ,t ,k ,f ,s ,h , , ʧ , ʃ /ϴ

10.  Two identical sounding words that vary in only
one sound
 Which occurs in the same position in both words
shoes choose
sink think
rice rise

11. move, order ,watch, pass, judge , box, play,
start , fish, walk , breathe ,dwarf
watch, pass, box, start, fish ,
walk, dwarf

16. 1. fat / ɜ :/
2.work / a: /
3.leave / ǝ /
4.bird / :/Ͻ
5.bunch / i:/
6.walk / ɪ /
7.kneel / æ/
8.father / /Ʌ

17. 1. fat /æ/
2.work /ɜ:/
3.leave / i:/
4.bird /ɜ:/
5.bunch / /Ʌ
6.walk / :/Ͻ
7.kneel / i:/
8.father / a: /-/Ə/

18. Two vowel sounds join to form one speech sound.

20. 1-/ǝbaut/ 6- /teɪst/
2-/fæmlɪ / 7- /ʤɪm/
3-/haɪt/ 8-/dɪstɪɳkʃn/
4-/r bɪʃ/ 9-/kjƱƏ/Ʌ
5-/t ɪlƏt/ 10-/ æɳks/Ͻ ϴ

21. 1-/ǝbaut/ about 6- /teɪst/taste
2-/fæmlɪ / family 7- /ʤɪm/ gym
3-/haɪt/ height 8-/dɪstɪɳkʃn/ distinction
4-/r bɪʃ/Ʌ rubbish 9-/kjƱƏ/cure
5-/tϽɪlƏt/ toilet 10-/ϴæɳks/thanks

23. /id/ /t/ /d/
move, order ,watch, pass, judge , box, play, start, fish,
walk , breathe ,dwarf

24. /id/ /t/ /d/
started watched moved
passed ordered
boxed judged
walked played
dwarfed breathed
move, order ,watch, pass, judge , box, play, start, fish,
walk , breathe ,dwarf

28. A digraph is two letters that spell one sound.
It can spell consonant sound or vowel sound.

30. Add ing to the following words :
1- clap
2- write
3- box
4- die
5-open
6-begin

31. Add ing to the following words :
1- clap clapping
2- write writing
3- box boxing
4-die dying
5-open opening
6-begin beginning

34. pronounce , confuse , curtain, city , phonetic, dancing,
cart ,urgency, echo , cheese ,central ,
cyder , delicious
/k/ /s/

35. pronounce , confuse , curtain, city , phonetic, dancing,
cart ,urgency, echo , cheese ,central ,
cyder , delicious
/k/ /s/
confuse pronounce
curtain city
phonetic dancing
cart urgency
central
cyder

36.  In English the letter ‘c’ is mostly pronounced as a /k/
sound.
 It is pronounced /s/ when it is followed by the letters e
, i, or y

38. 1. cupboard, pub, pupil
2. bird, cat, snake
3. tall, desk, half
4. Wednesday, Monday, Sunday
5. country, child, knife
6. island, address, some
7. answer, paint, pencil
8. hundred, green, white
9. lamp, autumn, bath

39. Examples:
island , psychology ,drive , write
b,c ,d ,e ,g , h , k , l , n, p, s, t, u,
w

43. U is not pronounced when it comes after g and before a vowel.

44. 1-prize
2- myths
3- sandwich
4 -smooth
5- queen
6-thumb
7-actual
8-races
9- congratulation

45. 1-prize /praɪz/
2- myths /mɪ s/ϴ
3- sandwich /sænwɪʧ/
/sænwɪʤ/
4 -smooth /smu:ð/
5- queen /kwi:n/
6-thumb / m/ϴɅ
7-actual /ækʧƱel/
8-races /reɪsɪz/
9- congratulation/kƏɳgræʧƱleɪʃn/