magnetism
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Magnetism and magnetic fields are discussed along with how they relate to electricity. Natural magnets like magnetite and artificial magnets created by rubbing iron with another magnet or using electromagnets with coils of wire are introduced. The document explains how magnetic fields are formed by electric currents and how materials can become magnetized through magnetic induction. It addresses the left-hand rule for determining magnetic field directions and covers generators, motors, and Faraday's law of induction. Diagrams and figures supplement the key concepts that electric currents produce magnetism, magnetism induces currents, and these principles underlie motors and generators.
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Magnetism
1) Earth itself acts like a giant magnet with a north and south pole that generates a magnetic field extending 50,000 miles into space, allowing compasses to function by pointing towards Earth's magnetic north pole.
2) A compass needle is magnetic and orients itself towards the north-seeking pole of Earth's magnetic field, though it may be affected inside steel buildings or ships due to magnetic attraction between the needle and nearby steel.
3) Magnetic fields surround all magnets and are represented by magnetic lines of force showing the direction and strength of the magnetic force, with lines closest together at the poles where the force is strongest.
Magnetism
The document discusses different forces including magnetism. It describes four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetic, strong force, and weak force. It then focuses on magnetism, explaining that it is a physical phenomenon produced by the motion of electric charge that results in attractive and repulsive forces. The document discusses magnetic field lines, electromagnets, naturally magnetic materials like iron and magnetite, and magnetic motors. It hypothesizes that magnetism may have an infinite range like gravity and that gravity may be a form of magnetism. Finally, it suggests that controlling forces could allow controlling the universe.
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A Powerpoint about Electricity and Magnetism. Find it here:
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The document discusses magnetic fields created by electric currents. It explains that:
- A current-carrying wire creates a circular magnetic field around it, and the strength of the field decreases with distance from the wire.
- A flat coil and solenoid also produce magnetic fields, with field lines circling the coil anti-clockwise on one side and clockwise on the other. The field is strongest at the center of a solenoid.
- Current-carrying conductors experience forces in magnetic fields due to the interaction between the fields. Fleming's left-hand rule can be used to determine the direction of these forces.
Magnets & magnetic fields
Magnets have north and south poles that exert magnetic forces, attracting opposite poles and repelling like poles. Magnets create magnetic fields that can either attract or repel other magnets or iron entering the field. The Earth has its own magnetic field created by its molten iron core, which causes compasses to align with the magnetic north pole that is offset from true geographic north by around 9 degrees.
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This document provides an overview of magnetism and magnetic fields. It discusses how magnets have been known for centuries and were used for navigation. It explains that all magnetic phenomena result from forces between electric charges in motion. It describes the properties of magnets including poles, magnetic fields, and how cutting a magnet produces two magnets. The document also discusses how the Earth itself acts as a magnet and how compasses use the Earth's magnetic field.
Magnetism
This document provides an overview of magnetism and magnetic fields. It discusses that magnetism is caused by the motion of charged particles and the strongest force is at the poles. Magnetic fields are represented by lines and form closed loops. Permanent magnets are often made of steel and electrons align to produce magnetic fields. Magnets can lose magnetism through heating, striking, or placing similar poles together. Larger magnets are not necessarily stronger. Maglev trains use magnetic fields for lift, propulsion and guidance.
Electricity magnetism & electromagnetic induction
1. Electricity is the flow of electric charge. Atoms become electrically charged through the gain or loss of electrons, forming ions.
2. Electric charge creates electric fields and electric forces. Current is the flow of electric charge in a circuit. Resistance opposes current flow.
3. Magnetism is related to electricity. Electric currents create magnetic fields and magnets can induce currents. Electromagnets are used in motors and meters.
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Magnetism
1) Earth itself acts like a giant magnet with a north and south pole that generates a magnetic field extending 50,000 miles into space, allowing compasses to function by pointing towards Earth's magnetic north pole.
2) A compass needle is magnetic and orients itself towards the north-seeking pole of Earth's magnetic field, though it may be affected inside steel buildings or ships due to magnetic attraction between the needle and nearby steel.
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The document discusses different forces including magnetism. It describes four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetic, strong force, and weak force. It then focuses on magnetism, explaining that it is a physical phenomenon produced by the motion of electric charge that results in attractive and repulsive forces. The document discusses magnetic field lines, electromagnets, naturally magnetic materials like iron and magnetite, and magnetic motors. It hypothesizes that magnetism may have an infinite range like gravity and that gravity may be a form of magnetism. Finally, it suggests that controlling forces could allow controlling the universe.
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A Powerpoint about Electricity and Magnetism. Find it here:
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The document discusses magnetic fields created by electric currents. It explains that:
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Magnets & magnetic fields
Magnets have north and south poles that exert magnetic forces, attracting opposite poles and repelling like poles. Magnets create magnetic fields that can either attract or repel other magnets or iron entering the field. The Earth has its own magnetic field created by its molten iron core, which causes compasses to align with the magnetic north pole that is offset from true geographic north by around 9 degrees.
Magnetism
This document provides an overview of magnetism and magnetic fields. It discusses how magnets have been known for centuries and were used for navigation. It explains that all magnetic phenomena result from forces between electric charges in motion. It describes the properties of magnets including poles, magnetic fields, and how cutting a magnet produces two magnets. The document also discusses how the Earth itself acts as a magnet and how compasses use the Earth's magnetic field.
Magnetism
This document provides an overview of magnetism and magnetic fields. It discusses that magnetism is caused by the motion of charged particles and the strongest force is at the poles. Magnetic fields are represented by lines and form closed loops. Permanent magnets are often made of steel and electrons align to produce magnetic fields. Magnets can lose magnetism through heating, striking, or placing similar poles together. Larger magnets are not necessarily stronger. Maglev trains use magnetic fields for lift, propulsion and guidance.
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2. Electric charge creates electric fields and electric forces. Current is the flow of electric charge in a circuit. Resistance opposes current flow.
3. Magnetism is related to electricity. Electric currents create magnetic fields and magnets can induce currents. Electromagnets are used in motors and meters.
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Magnetism is produced by magnets which have north and south poles and magnetic field lines. The earliest magnets were naturally occurring lodestone. Magnets attract opposite poles and repel like poles. The Earth itself acts like a giant bar magnet due to its nickel-iron core. Magnetic substances are composed of small magnetic domains that align when exposed to an external magnetic field. Electricity and magnetism are related because electric currents produce magnetic fields. Electromagnets are coils of wire that produce strong magnetic fields when electric current passes through. Galvanometers use electromagnets to measure electric current. Electric motors convert electric current into rotational motion using electromagnetic induction. Generators also use electromagnetic induction to produce electric current from mechanical motion. Direct
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Magnetism
Het this is Vedika Agrawal
the topic covers magnetism keeping in mind students of physiotherapy for there subject elecrotherapy.
Well it covers magnet of class 10th and 12th and also college level to some extent.
the ppt includes diagrams for almost everything for better visual understanding.
hope you find it helpfull and elaborative.
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Magnetic Field: The magnetic field is an imaginary line of force around a magnet which enables other ferromagnetic materials to get repelled or attracted towards it. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Magnetic Properties of Materials www.askiitians.com/iit-jee-magnetism/magnetic-properties-of-materials/
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The document discusses various topics related to magnetism including:
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- The properties of magnets including having magnetic fields with poles that attract or repel other magnets and magnetic materials.
- Induced magnetism caused by an external magnetic influence.
- Differences between magnetic, non-magnetic, and magnetized materials and how to test for magnetism.
- Electrical and physical methods of magnetization and demagnetization.
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The Earth acts as a giant magnet with a north and south magnetic pole. Magnets can be natural or man-made using materials like iron oxide or an electric current in a coil of wire. There are different theories about magnetism on a molecular and electron level. Magnets have magnetic fields represented by flux lines that emerge from the north pole and enter the south pole. Unlike magnetic poles attract while like poles repel according to the laws of magnetism.
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This document provides information about magnetism and electromagnetism. It discusses the poles of magnets, magnetic materials like iron, induced magnetism through magnetic induction, and how electromagnets can be created using coils of wire and electric current. Examples of applications that use electromagnets are also described, such as electric bells and circuit breakers. Magnetic fields and field lines are explained, including how they are produced by currents and plotted using compasses.
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MAGNETISM,EARTH MAGNETIC FIELD
IT INCLUDES ALL BASIC CONCEPTS DEFINITIONS,PICTURES,EXAMPLES.
BETTER TO UNDERSTAND.
BEST CONTENT WITH BEST ANIMATIONS AND TRANSITIONS.
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IT INCLUDES BEST EXAMPLES AND REAL LIFE EXAMPLES,WHICH CAN HELP TO UNDERSTAND THE WHOLE CONCEPT.
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1. A proton moves through Earth's magnetic field with a speed of 1.00 x 105 m/s.
2. The magnetic field at this location has a value of 55.0μT.
3. We need to determine the magnetic force on the proton when it moves perpendicular to the magnetic field lines.
Using the formula for magnetic force, F=qvB, where q is the charge on the proton (1.60x10-19 C), v is its speed, and B is the magnetic field:
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This document provides information about magnets and magnetism. It defines a magnet, describes magnetism and the magnetic fields and lines of force. It explains the theories of magnetism including Weber's theory of molecular alignment and domain theory of electron spin. It discusses the applications of magnetism in nursing, including magnetic resonance imaging and associated safety issues related to static magnetic fields and contraindications for certain implants and medical devices. Nursing responsibilities regarding patient safety during MRI are reviewed.
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Magnetism is produced by magnets which have north and south poles and magnetic field lines. The earliest magnets were naturally occurring lodestone. Magnets attract opposite poles and repel like poles. The Earth itself acts like a giant bar magnet due to its nickel-iron core. Magnetic substances are composed of small magnetic domains that align when exposed to an external magnetic field. Electricity and magnetism are related because electric currents produce magnetic fields. Electromagnets are coils of wire that produce strong magnetic fields when electric current passes through. Galvanometers use electromagnets to measure electric current. Electric motors convert electric current into rotational motion using electromagnetic induction. Generators also use electromagnetic induction to produce electric current from mechanical motion. Direct
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The document discusses the Earth's magnetism. It explains that the Earth behaves like a giant bar magnet with a north and south magnetic pole. These magnetic poles are different from the geographic north and south poles and move about 10 km each year. The Earth's core is made of iron, a magnetic material, and its liquid outer core circulating around generates the planet's magnetic field through a process called the dynamo theory. The Earth's magnetic field protects the atmosphere from the sun's charged particles and is responsible for the northern and southern lights by trapping and directing solar particles toward the poles.
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Het this is Vedika Agrawal
the topic covers magnetism keeping in mind students of physiotherapy for there subject elecrotherapy.
Well it covers magnet of class 10th and 12th and also college level to some extent.
the ppt includes diagrams for almost everything for better visual understanding.
hope you find it helpfull and elaborative.
Magnetic Properties of Materials | Physics
Magnetic Field: The magnetic field is an imaginary line of force around a magnet which enables other ferromagnetic materials to get repelled or attracted towards it. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Magnetic Properties of Materials www.askiitians.com/iit-jee-magnetism/magnetic-properties-of-materials/
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The document discusses various topics related to magnetism including:
- The ancient discovery of magnetism in lodestone by the Chinese in 2000 BC who used it for navigation.
- The properties of magnets including having magnetic fields with poles that attract or repel other magnets and magnetic materials.
- Induced magnetism caused by an external magnetic influence.
- Differences between magnetic, non-magnetic, and magnetized materials and how to test for magnetism.
- Electrical and physical methods of magnetization and demagnetization.
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The Earth acts as a giant magnet with a north and south magnetic pole. Magnets can be natural or man-made using materials like iron oxide or an electric current in a coil of wire. There are different theories about magnetism on a molecular and electron level. Magnets have magnetic fields represented by flux lines that emerge from the north pole and enter the south pole. Unlike magnetic poles attract while like poles repel according to the laws of magnetism.
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Magnetism arises from the arrangement of electrons within atoms. Early Chinese and Indian civilizations observed magnetic properties in naturally occurring magnets. Hans Christian Oersted discovered in 1819 that electric currents can produce magnetic fields, and Michael Faraday discovered induction in 1831. Materials contain magnetic domains that behave like tiny magnets, though their fields normally cancel out. Researchers have sought magnetic monopoles but only found dipoles when separating magnet poles. Magnetism originates from electron motion and spin. Magnetic nanoparticles are found in interstellar space, animals' navigation systems, and the human brain. They can be used for magnetic hyperthermia cancer treatment and targeted drug delivery.
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This document provides information about magnetism and electromagnetism. It discusses the poles of magnets, magnetic materials like iron, induced magnetism through magnetic induction, and how electromagnets can be created using coils of wire and electric current. Examples of applications that use electromagnets are also described, such as electric bells and circuit breakers. Magnetic fields and field lines are explained, including how they are produced by currents and plotted using compasses.
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2) Magnetic force on a moving charge is directly proportional to the charge, velocity perpendicular to the magnetic field, and magnetic field strength. The formula derived is F = qvBsinθ.
3) Magnetic force on a current-carrying conductor is directly proportional to the current, length of conductor perpendicular to the magnetic field, and magnetic field strength. The formula is F = ILBsinθ.
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Magnetism is considered as one component of electromagnetic forces which refers to physical phenomena arising from the force caused by magnets, objects that create fields that attract or repel other objects.
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The document discusses the history and properties of magnetism. It explains that magnets have been known since ancient times and were used for navigation. The key magnetic concepts covered include magnetic dipoles, magnetic fields, flux density, permeability, susceptibility, and the relationships between magnetic field intensity, flux density, and magnetization. Different units used to measure magnetic properties are also defined.
simple phenomena of magnetism
This document discusses the basic properties and phenomena of magnetism. It describes how magnets have magnetic fields and two poles (north and south) that attract or repel each other. Magnetic materials like iron and steel can be magnetized by magnets, while non-magnetic materials are unaffected. The magnetic fields of magnets can be visualized using iron filings or a plotting compass. The Earth also has a magnetic field like a bar magnet. Electromagnets produce magnetic fields when electric currents flow through their coils, unlike permanent magnets.
MAGNETISM,EARTH MAGNETIC FIELD
IT INCLUDES ALL BASIC CONCEPTS DEFINITIONS,PICTURES,EXAMPLES.
BETTER TO UNDERSTAND.
BEST CONTENT WITH BEST ANIMATIONS AND TRANSITIONS.
ALSO INCLUDES EARTH MAGNETIC FIELD
DEFINITION OF EARTH MAGNETIC FIELD.
IT INCLUDES BEST EXAMPLES AND REAL LIFE EXAMPLES,WHICH CAN HELP TO UNDERSTAND THE WHOLE CONCEPT.
Electricity and magnetism
Electricity and magnetism are closely related phenomena. Electricity is the flow of electric charge, commonly electrons, through a conductor. Static electricity refers to the build up of electric charge on an object from electron transfer. Magnetism is produced by electric currents and magnetic materials contain magnetic domains that align in magnetic fields. Electromagnets, electric motors, and generators demonstrate the interconversion between electricity and magnetism through electromagnetic induction.
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2) It explains the angular momentum contributions to magnetism from an atom's electrons, electron spin, and nuclear spin.
3) The relationships between magnetization, magnetic field strength, magnetic flux density, relative permeability, and magnetic susceptibility are presented. Different types of magnetic materials like diamagnetic, paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferrimagnetic are also introduced.
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The document discusses electromagnetism and electromagnets. It defines an electromagnet as a temporary magnet created by winding wire into a coil around an iron core, which produces a magnetic field when current passes through. It outlines learning objectives about drawing magnetic field patterns, conducting experiments to study factors affecting magnetic field strength, and describing applications of electromagnets. Examples of applications mentioned are electric bells, circuit breakers, and loudspeakers.
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Using the formula for magnetic force, F=qvB, where q is the charge on the proton (1.60x10-19 C), v is its speed, and B is the magnetic field:
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This document provides information about magnets and magnetism. It defines a magnet, describes magnetism and the magnetic fields and lines of force. It explains the theories of magnetism including Weber's theory of molecular alignment and domain theory of electron spin. It discusses the applications of magnetism in nursing, including magnetic resonance imaging and associated safety issues related to static magnetic fields and contraindications for certain implants and medical devices. Nursing responsibilities regarding patient safety during MRI are reviewed.
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There are two types of magnets: natural and artificial. Natural magnets, also called loadstones, are stones that attract other stones and align themselves in a north-south direction when suspended freely. A magnetic dipole is an arrangement of two magnetic poles of equal and opposite strengths separated by a finite distance, like a bar magnet which has a north (N) pole and south (S) pole. Poles cannot be isolated or separated from each other, as even if a magnet is broken down to the atomic level, each piece will have opposite poles - thus, a single magnetic monopole does not exist. The distance between the two poles of a bar magnet is called its magnetic length, which is typically 5/6 of
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- Testing a magnet involves bringing each end of a specimen near the north pole of a bar magnet. Attraction indicates a magnetic material, while repulsion indicates a permanent magnet.
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- The magnetic field is the region around a magnet where other magnetic objects experience a force. Magnetic field lines are used to represent the pattern and direction of this field.
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This document discusses electricity and magnetism. It defines different types of magnets such as natural and artificial, as well as permanent and induced magnets. It describes how magnets interact with each other based on their poles, and how magnets are used in common objects like speakers, hard drives, and MRI machines. The document also explains what a magnetic field is, how electromagnets work, examples of conductive and insulating materials, and some electrical safety tips.
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This document summarizes different types of magnetism, including diamagnetic, paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and ferrimagnetic. It discusses Curie's law and the Curie-Weiss law, which describe how magnetic susceptibility varies with temperature. The document also covers how to measure magnetic susceptibility using a Faraday balance or torsion balance, and how the magnetic behavior of different materials can be distinguished based on their magnetic susceptibility values and temperature dependence.
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This document discusses magnetism and magnetic fields. It describes testing magnets by bringing specimens near magnet poles to observe attraction or repulsion. Induced magnetism occurs when an unmagnetized material becomes a magnet when near a permanent magnet. The document also discusses the theory of magnet domains, methods of magnetization and demagnetization, and plotting magnetic field lines. It provides examples of magnetic field patterns for single and multiple magnets, including the neutral point between magnets with like poles facing. Finally, it compares the magnetic properties of iron and steel.
Electricity and Magnetism
Magnetism and electromagnetism are properties that allow certain materials to interact with magnetic fields. Magnetism arises from the spin of electrons within atoms. Electromagnetism is the study of the interaction between electric charges and magnetic fields. Magnets can attract or repel other magnetic materials and have distinct north and south poles. Various scientists like Oersted, Gilbert, Ampere, and Faraday contributed important discoveries about electromagnetism through experiments. Lenz's law and Faraday's law describe key principles of electromagnetic induction. Transformers, generators, motors, and other devices utilize the principles of electromagnetism.
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The document discusses several laws and concepts related to magnetism. It states that like poles of magnets repel each other, while unlike poles attract. A compass arrow points to magnetic north. Induced magnetism explains how magnetic materials can become magnetized when placed near a magnet due to magnetic induction. A magnetic field is the region around a magnet where its magnetic effects can be detected, with field lines running from the north to south pole. Permanent magnets made of steel retain their magnetism while temporary magnets made of iron lose theirs over time.
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1. Magnetism arises from the magnetic moments of electrons, both from their orbital motion and spin.
2. Magnetic materials can be classified as diamagnetic, paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, or ferrimagnetic based on their magnetic properties.
3. Ferromagnetic materials exhibit hysteresis, where magnetization lags behind an applied magnetic field, leading to a hysteresis loop. Hard magnetic materials have large hysteresis loops while soft magnetic materials have small loops.
Electricity, magnetism and electromagnetism
Atoms contain protons, electrons, and neutrons. Protons are positively charged, electrons are negatively charged, and they are located on the outer edges of atoms. The movement and concentration of electrons creates static electricity and electric currents. Static electricity builds up a charge without flowing, while electric current flows from high voltage to low voltage, such as through wires in a circuit. Current can be direct (DC) or alternating (AC). Magnets have north and south poles and magnetic fields that interact with electric fields through electromagnetic induction, which is the basis for technologies like electric motors, generators, and transformers.
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Magnets have been known and studied for centuries. The ancient Greeks were familiar with magnetite, a magnetic stone, and discovered that magnetite stones always pointed in the same direction, which later helped with navigation. William Gilbert proposed in 1600 that the Earth itself acts as a large magnet, predicting it would have magnetic poles. Magnetism results from the arrangement of electrons within atoms. Magnets have distinct north and south poles, and like poles repel while opposite poles attract.
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1. Laminating the core breaks up the conductive material into thinner sheets separated by insulating material. This increases the resistance to eddy currents by forcing them to travel longer, more tortuous paths through the laminations.
2. Cutting teeth into the core reduces the cross-sectional area available for eddy currents to flow. With a smaller area, less current can flow and induce smaller magnetic fields, resulting in lower losses.
3. Both techniques reduce eddy current losses by making it more difficult for currents to flow through the conductive material in closed loops in response to changing magnetic fields. This is done by either increasing the resistance and path
Magnetic effects of current_Tuition.pptx
1. The document discusses magnetic properties including field lines and how current carrying conductors and coils produce magnetic fields according to rules like the right hand thumb rule.
2. It also explains how solenoids and closed coils can behave like bar magnets when current flows, and how Fleming's left hand rule describes the force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field.
3. Finally, it covers electromagnetic induction, generators, domestic electric circuits, and applications like motors and power generation.
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This chapter discusses magnetism and magnetic fields. It describes how magnets have north and south poles that attract or repel each other, and how electric currents produce surrounding magnetic fields. The chapter also defines the tesla as the unit of magnetic fields and explores how magnetic fields exert forces on both electric currents and moving electric charges.
Magnetic effect of electric current
Hey Guys, This is my PPT made for Class X FA - 1 Group Activity ! Feel free to take ideas but don't copy X :)
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Physics chpt23
This document provides an overview of Chapter 23 from the textbook "Foundations of Physics" on electricity and magnetism. The chapter discusses how electric currents can create magnetic fields, how electromagnets and electric motors work using changing magnetic fields, and how generators produce electricity through electromagnetic induction. It introduces key concepts like the right-hand rule, induction, magnetic flux, commutation, and Faraday's law. The objectives are to understand the magnetic effects of currents, how motors and generators function, and several ways to increase current from generators.
MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT-converted.pptx
1. Michael Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction in 1831, showing that a changing magnetic field can generate an electric current.
2. An electric motor works by placing a coil of wire between the poles of a magnet. When current passes through the coil, it experiences a force due to the magnetic field and begins to rotate, converting electrical energy to mechanical energy.
3. Key parts of a motor include an insulated copper wire coil, magnet poles to provide a magnetic field, split rings acting as a commutator to reverse current direction, an axle for the coil to rotate around, and brushes connecting the commutator to a current source.
Electromagnetic induction, grade 12 physics
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Electric current and its effects
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ppt magnetic field X class Module 2.ppt
This document summarizes key topics related to magnetic effects of electric current, including:
1) A force is exerted on a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field according to Fleming's Left Hand Rule. The direction of force can be determined by pointing fingers to show the direction of magnetic field, current, and resulting force.
2) An electric motor works by converting electrical energy to mechanical energy using a coil that rotates when placed in a magnetic field and current is passed through it.
3) Electromagnetic induction causes a current to be induced in a coil either by moving a magnet near the coil or changing the magnetic field near the coil, as discovered by Michael Faraday.
ppt magnetic field X class Module 2.ppt
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1) A force is exerted on a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field according to Fleming's Left Hand Rule. The direction of force can be determined by pointing fingers to show the direction of magnetic field, current, and resulting force.
2) An electric motor works by converting electrical energy to mechanical energy using a coil that rotates when placed in a magnetic field and current is passed through it.
3) Electromagnetic induction causes a current to be induced in a coil either by moving a magnet within the coil or changing the magnetic field near the coil. Michael Faraday discovered that relative motion between a magnet and coil produces
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slides
This document provides an overview of magnetism and magnetic fields. It begins with an introductory activity on magnetism facts. The document then outlines topics to be covered, including magnetic fields, forces on moving charges and currents, and properties of electromagnets and ferromagnets. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to calculate magnetic field strength and forces. The key points are that magnets produce magnetic fields with north and south poles; magnetic fields exert forces on moving charges; and currents generate magnetic fields according to Ampere's law.
Chapter1 magnetic and induction
This document provides an overview of magnetic circuits and induction in electrical machines. It begins by outlining the learning outcomes, which are to understand the principles behind electromagnets and their relationship to voltage and magnetic materials. It then defines electric machines as devices that convert between electrical and mechanical power. The rest of the document discusses key concepts related to magnetism and induction that are important for understanding electric machines, including electromagnets, magnetic fields, flux, flux linkage, Faraday's law, Lenz's law, and induced voltages. Worked examples are provided to illustrate how to apply these concepts.
PHY PUC 2 Notes Electromagnetic induction
1. Electromagnetic induction is the phenomenon by which a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (emf) in a conductor. Experiments by Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry in the 1830s demonstrated this effect and established its laws.
2. Faraday's experiments showed that a changing magnetic flux induces a current in a coil. He placed coils inside changing magnetic fields from moving magnets and observed induced currents.
3. Lenz's law defines the direction of induced current: the current flows such that its magnetic field opposes the change that caused it. This ensures the conservation of energy.
SCIENCE 10-LESSON 10yuyuyuyuyuyuyuyuuyu.pdf
1) Early scientists like Gilbert, Oersted, and Ampere discovered relationships between electricity and magnetism in the 1600s-1800s. Maxwell then unified these concepts into a mathematical theory of electromagnetism in the 1860s.
2) Electromagnetism describes the interaction between electric charges and currents with magnetic fields, and vice versa. Permanent magnets have magnetic domains inside that create their overall magnetic fields.
3) Electromagnetism is utilized in many modern technologies like motors, generators, and transformers to convert between electrical and mechanical systems using the forces between current-carrying conductors and magnetic fields.
Chapter 5 electromagnetism
The document discusses electric and magnetic fields, including:
- An electric field is established between two parallel metal plates charged to different potentials.
- Magnetic field lines originate and terminate on magnetic poles. Unlike poles attract while like poles repel.
- Electromagnetic induction occurs when a changing magnetic field induces an electric current in a conductor. The direction of the induced current opposes the change according to Lenz's law.
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MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT-converted.pptx
MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT-converted.pptx
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magnetism
- 1. Magnetism
- 2. Magnetic Fields Magnetite Natural magnet Artificial magnet Created by rubbing soft iron with another magnet Electromagnet Created by current flowing through a coil of wire
- 3. Magnetic Fields (cont’d.) Figure 9-2. The earth’s magnetic north and south poles are situated close to the geographic North and South Poles.
- 4. Figure 9-4. When material becomes magnetized, all the domains align in a common direction. Figure 9-3. The domains in unmagnetized material are randomly arranged with no overall magnetic effect
- 5. Magnetic Fields (cont’d.) Figure 9-6. Magnetic lines of flux can be seen in patterns of iron filings.
- 6. Electricity and Magnetism Figure 9-7. A current flowing through a conductor creates a magnetic field around the conductor.
- 7. Figure 9-8. Determining the direction of the flux lines around a conductor when the direction of the current flow is known (left-hand rule for conductors).
- 8. Electricity and Magnetism (cont’d.) Figure 9-9. When current flows in opposite directions through two conductors placed next to each other, the resulting magnetic fields repel each other.
- 9. Electricity and Magnetism (cont’d.) Figure 9-10. When current flows in the same direction through two conductors placed next to each other, the magnetic fields combine.
- 10. Figure 9-11. Determining the polarity of an electromagnet (left-hand rule for coils).
- 11. Magnetic Induction Figure 9-12. Placing an iron bar in a magnetic field extends the magnetic field and magnetizes the iron bar.
- 12. Figure 9-13. The left-hand rule for generators can be used to determine the direction of the induced current flow in a generator. CURRENT MOTION FLUX
- 13. Figure 9-14. Induced voltage in an AC generator.
- 14. Figure 9-15. Induced voltage in an DC generator.
- 15. Figure 9-18. Operation of a DC motor.
- 16. Summary Electric current always produces some form of magnetism Magnetism is the most common method for generating electricity One theory of magnetism is based on the spin of electrons as they orbit around an atom
- 17. Summary (cont’d.) Another theory of magnetism is based on the alignment of domains A magnetic field surrounds a wire when current flows through it Left-hand rule: for conductors, coils, and generators Faraday’s law: the basic law of electromagnetism