Het this is Vedika Agrawal
the topic covers magnetism keeping in mind students of physiotherapy for there subject elecrotherapy.
Well it covers magnet of class 10th and 12th and also college level to some extent.
the ppt includes diagrams for almost everything for better visual understanding.
hope you find it helpfull and elaborative.
Electromagnetic induction builds on the concept of magnets and magnetic fields in grade 10. Most of the work covered here is quite clear and straight forward.
1. 1. Magnetism Name Of Student..
2. 2. Sub-Heading 1.) Magnet Definition. 2.) How Magnet Works. 3.) Coulomb Law Of Magnetic Force. 4.) Magnetism. 5.) Explanation Of Magnetism. 6.) Magnetic Field. 7.) What Happens If We Broke Magnet. 8.) Magnetic Domains. 9.) Magnetizing Material. 10.) Types Of Magnetism.
3. 3. Definition: Magnets:- A magnet is any material that produces a magnetic force (Push or Pull) on a magnetic material ( such as iron etc ). E.G:-
4. 4. How Magnet Works:- • Every Magnet Has Two Poles:- 1.) North Pole. 2.) South Pole. The opposite poles attract each other while same poles repel each other. E.G:-
5. 5. Coulomb Law Of Magnetic Force:- Sir Charles Augustine de Coulomb, was first to recognized the quantitatively force exerted by the magnets and he stated that:- “The magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The force is along the straight line joining them.” 𝐹𝑒 = 𝑘𝑞1 𝑞2 𝑟2
6. 6. Magnetism:- • Definition:- Magnetism is one aspect of the combined electromagnetic force. It refers to physical phenomena arising from the force caused by magnets, objects that produce fields that attract or repel other objects.
7. 7. Explanation:- A magnetic field exerts a force on particles in the field due to the Lorentz Force. As Lorentz Force is defined as:- “The force which is exerted by a magnetic field on a moving electric charge.” The motion of electrically charged particles gives rise to magnetism. The force acting on an electrically charged particle in a magnetic field depends on the magnitude of the charge, the velocity of the particle, and the strength of the magnetic field.
8. 8. Magnetic Fields:- Diagram:- • The Lines around the magnet shows area of force exerted in a region around magnet. • The forces originates from the North Pole and moves towards South Pole.
9. 9. What Happens If We Broke Magnet:- • If we broke a magnet into pieces then each piece will still have its own North Pole and South Pole and each field have its own magnetic field.
10. 10. Magnetic Domains:- • The magnetic fields in the magnets is produced by the spinning of their electrons. • These spinning of electron create tiny magnetic regions which are known as Magnetic Domains. • In Other atoms these magnetic regions (Domains) cancels each other while in magnets Domains are all lined up in a same directions. • When ever all electrons spin in a same direction magnetic field is created between them.
Electromagnetic induction builds on the concept of magnets and magnetic fields in grade 10. Most of the work covered here is quite clear and straight forward.
1. 1. Magnetism Name Of Student..
2. 2. Sub-Heading 1.) Magnet Definition. 2.) How Magnet Works. 3.) Coulomb Law Of Magnetic Force. 4.) Magnetism. 5.) Explanation Of Magnetism. 6.) Magnetic Field. 7.) What Happens If We Broke Magnet. 8.) Magnetic Domains. 9.) Magnetizing Material. 10.) Types Of Magnetism.
3. 3. Definition: Magnets:- A magnet is any material that produces a magnetic force (Push or Pull) on a magnetic material ( such as iron etc ). E.G:-
4. 4. How Magnet Works:- • Every Magnet Has Two Poles:- 1.) North Pole. 2.) South Pole. The opposite poles attract each other while same poles repel each other. E.G:-
5. 5. Coulomb Law Of Magnetic Force:- Sir Charles Augustine de Coulomb, was first to recognized the quantitatively force exerted by the magnets and he stated that:- “The magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The force is along the straight line joining them.” 𝐹𝑒 = 𝑘𝑞1 𝑞2 𝑟2
6. 6. Magnetism:- • Definition:- Magnetism is one aspect of the combined electromagnetic force. It refers to physical phenomena arising from the force caused by magnets, objects that produce fields that attract or repel other objects.
7. 7. Explanation:- A magnetic field exerts a force on particles in the field due to the Lorentz Force. As Lorentz Force is defined as:- “The force which is exerted by a magnetic field on a moving electric charge.” The motion of electrically charged particles gives rise to magnetism. The force acting on an electrically charged particle in a magnetic field depends on the magnitude of the charge, the velocity of the particle, and the strength of the magnetic field.
8. 8. Magnetic Fields:- Diagram:- • The Lines around the magnet shows area of force exerted in a region around magnet. • The forces originates from the North Pole and moves towards South Pole.
9. 9. What Happens If We Broke Magnet:- • If we broke a magnet into pieces then each piece will still have its own North Pole and South Pole and each field have its own magnetic field.
10. 10. Magnetic Domains:- • The magnetic fields in the magnets is produced by the spinning of their electrons. • These spinning of electron create tiny magnetic regions which are known as Magnetic Domains. • In Other atoms these magnetic regions (Domains) cancels each other while in magnets Domains are all lined up in a same directions. • When ever all electrons spin in a same direction magnetic field is created between them.
Magnetism is considered as one component of electromagnetic forces which refers to physical phenomena arising from the force caused by magnets, objects that create fields that attract or repel other objects.
ELECTROMAGNETISM
INTRODUCTION
The phenomenon where by electricity creates magnetism is known as electromagnetism. When an insulated wire is wrapped with round an iron nail and the ends of the wire connected to the battery the nail becomes capable of picking up iron fillings paper. This is a simple electromagnet. The nail has been magnetized by the current in the wire. Disconnecting the wire from the battery the paper clips fall off. The nail looses most of first magnetism when the current is switched off. The passage of electric current along a wire creates a magnetic field around the wire. The lines of forces due to a straight current carrying wire are circles, center on the wire on the wire. The field is strongest near the wire the direction of the magnetic field is r
Magnetism is considered as one component of electromagnetic forces which refers to physical phenomena arising from the force caused by magnets, objects that create fields that attract or repel other objects.
ELECTROMAGNETISM
INTRODUCTION
The phenomenon where by electricity creates magnetism is known as electromagnetism. When an insulated wire is wrapped with round an iron nail and the ends of the wire connected to the battery the nail becomes capable of picking up iron fillings paper. This is a simple electromagnet. The nail has been magnetized by the current in the wire. Disconnecting the wire from the battery the paper clips fall off. The nail looses most of first magnetism when the current is switched off. The passage of electric current along a wire creates a magnetic field around the wire. The lines of forces due to a straight current carrying wire are circles, center on the wire on the wire. The field is strongest near the wire the direction of the magnetic field is r
SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MAGNETISM (Autosaved).docxZocelynManingo1
Electric Current and Magnetism
The Nature of Magnetism: Electricity’s Silent Partner
Magnetism is a property of a material that enables to attract or repel other materials. The presence and strength of the material’s magnetic properties can be observed by the effect of the forces of attraction and repulsion on other materials.
What makes magnets?
Magnets are actually created by tiny spinning electrons in an atom. The electrons move about the nucleus and spin like a top, creating a tiny magnetic field.
If electrons are spinning in the same direction there is more magnetism, while electrons spinning in opposite directions cancel out each others’ magnetic fields. Magnetic fields are invisible, we can only see the effects of the magnetic force.
Magnetic Field: The space around a magnet in which a magnetic force is exerted
— The shape of a magnetic field is revealed by magnetic field lines
Directed away from north poles and toward south poles
Magnets have two ends or poles, called north and south poles. At the poles of a magnet, the magnetic field lines are closer together.
The magnetic field lines around horse-shoe and disk magnets are closest together at the magnets’ poles. Unlike poles of magnets attract each other and like poles of magnets repel. Magnetic Poles: A region on a magnet which produces magnetic forces
The poles of a suspended magnet will align themselves to the poles of the Earth
Fundamental Rule: Like poles repel; opposite poles attract
If a force of attraction only is possible between an object and a magnet, then the object interacting with the magnet contains a ferromagnetic substance and is considered naturally magnetic.
If a force of repulsion is only between an object and a magnet, then the object interacting with the magnet may also be a permanent magnet or a temporarily magnetized ferromagnetic material.
Materials which are attracted by a magnet are known as magnetic materials. Iron, cobalt, nickel and many alloys of these metals like steel and alnico are magnetic.
Magnetic materials can be used to make permanent or temporary magnets unlike the non-magnetic materials which cannot.
INDUCED MAGNETISM
The process by which the screws become magnets is called Electric/Magnetic Induction. This same process is the reason why magnets attract non-magnetized magnetic substances such as the screw. The screw becomes an induced magnet with the end nearer the magnet having an opposite polarity to that of the permanent magnet. Hence attraction happens after magnetic induction occurs. The quicker way to know the polarity of a permanent or induced magnet is by the use of a magnetic compass. Compass needle is a small magnet that is free to pivot in a horizontal plane about an axis and that the end of the magnet that points to geographic north is called the north (N) pole. Likewise, the opposite end of the magnet is the south (S) pole.What are magnetic domains?
Magnetic substances like iron, cobalt and nickel
Very important Chapter of physics because it contains all the important laws needed to understand concepts in physics.
And i hope it will be helpful to you
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1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
Magnetism
1. Topic - MAGNETISM
PREPARED BY – VEDIKA AGRAWAL
(BATCH 2019-20)
ROLL NUMBER – 98
GUIDED AND MOTIVATED BY – NIKETA
MA’AM
MGM ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCE INSTITUTE
(MAHSI), INDORE, M.P.
2. WHAT IS A MAGNET ?
A magnet is an object which exhibits certain properties:
I. Setting in a north- south direction when suspended freely.
II. Like magnetic poles repel each other and unlike pole attract each other.
III. Produce magnetism in certain substances like nickel, cobalt, steel and iron.
IV. Attraction of suitable material .
V. It has magnetic field to which its force is exerted.
3. MAGNETIC LINES OF FORCE
It is graphical representation of a magnetic field, which is hypothetical to explain the
magnetic phenomenon.
It is a smooth curve in order to take shortest path and repel one another i.e. the two lines
do not intersect.
The lines travels from north to south direction.
Tangent at any point in this field will give us direction of magnetic field at that point.
They travel most easily through some materials like metals.
The path is traced with the help of iron fillings.
The field between two unlike poles is concentrated more in between the two magnets.
4. TYPES OF MAGNETS
They are of two types: Natural and Artificial
Natural magnets are obtained in form of ore. They are weak and shapeless.
Artificial Magnets are manmade. They are strong and of different shapes. They are of
two types:
I. Temporary Magnets: Magnetism of these magnets is temporary.
• It is made of soft iron.
• There is little friction between the molecules. Thus, magnetism is lost very
easily.
• They can be also be easily influenced into orderly pattern.
II. Permanent Magnets: These magnets are permanent.
• They are made up of nickel, steel and cobalt.
• The friction between the molecules is great and thus ordered magnetic
effect is retained.
The heating or banging will disrupt the order and so magnetism of any kind of
magnet can be lost.
5. MAGNETIC INDUCTION
It is the phenomenon by which magnetism is produced in the magnetic substance with help of magnet.
I. When the poles of powerful magnet is bought closer to a soft iron bar, the bar turns into a magnet.
II. This is because the end of the bar closer to the magnet, becomes unlike pole.
III. Due to this all the opposite poles of the molecular magnet are attracted towards it.
IV. This inturn make a magnetic substance turn into a magnet.
Magnetic effect is produced by the influence of the magnet over the molecular magnet of the
susceptible material.
The magnet can even reduce magnetic effect in an object without contact between them.
6. ELECTRO-MAGNETISM
It consists of a coil of wire wound onto a soft iron bar.
When a current passes through the wire it magnetizes the bar by induction.
As soon as the current is put off, the magnetic effect is lost.
A current carrying straight wire produces a uniform magnetic field in form of
concentric circles along the centre of the coil.
The uniformity of field is used as advantage of SWD.
The direction of line of force are given by Maxwell Corkscrew Rule and Right Hand
Thumb Rule.
I. Maxwell Corkscrew Rule: If a corkscrew is turned indirection of current, along
the wire, then the direction in which the thumb rotates is the direction of the
magnetic lines of force.
II. Right Hand Thumb Rule: If current carrying wire is to held in you right hand,
when the thumb us is pointing in direction of electric current. The direction in
which the finger curls gives the direction of lines of force.
7. ELECTRO-MAGNETIC INDUCTION
It is Production of electricity from magnetism.
It is done through establishment of an EMF in a conductor, when there is
relative motion between the conductor (coil of wire) and magnet.
The current produced is called induced current.
When and electromagnet (a coil of wire carrying current) is kept close to
another conductor, it also produces an induced current in the second conductor
8. FARADAY’s WORK IN EMI
Whenever magnetic flux is linked with circuit changes, an emf is induced in the circuit
For production of EMI three things are required i.e. conductor, magnet and relative
motion between two.
Faraday stated three laws :
I. Whenever magnetic flux linked with a circuit changes, an EMF is induced in it.
II. An induced EMF exists in the circuit, so long as the changes in magnetic flux are continued.
III. An induced EMF is directly proportional to the negative rate of change of magnetic flux
linked with the circuit.
9. LENZ’s AND FLEMING’s LAWS
The direction of induced current is determined by Lenz’s and Fleming’s law.
LENZ’s LAW states that the direction of induced EMF (current) is such that it
opposes the very cause, which provides it.
FLEMING’s LAW states that if thumb, index finger, and middle finger of right
hand are stretched perpendicularly, then thumb indicates direction of motion,
index finger indicates direction of magnetic field and middle finger will indicate
the direction of induced current.
10. INDUCTION
It is of two types mutual and self inductance
Mutual inductance occurs when EMF is induced in adjacent conductor by the magnetic field set
up around coil of wire carrying varying current.
Self inductance occurs when coil is carrying a varying current.
I. As current increases, the magnetic lines of force moves out, crossing the adjacent turns of wire and thus
inducing an EMF in them.
II. According to Lenz law, the induced EMF is in opposite direction to the main current and so opposes the
rise.
III. Self induced EMF is thus called back EMF.
11. EDDY CURRENTS
◦ Any conductor lying in a varying magnetic field has a EMF induced in it.
◦ If conductor is solid, the magnetic lines of force passing through it set up circular
currents called eddy currents.
◦ These are perpendicular to magnetic lines of force.
◦ They produce heating effect and thus are wasteful in many apparatus.
◦ It is prevented by laminating the conductor.
◦ In physiotherapy they are useful as heat is used to produce heating effect in
patients tissues (in SWD).
