This document outlines the syllabus for the subject Digital Principles and System Design. It contains 5 units that cover topics such as Boolean algebra, logic gates, combinational logic, sequential logic, asynchronous sequential logic, memory and programmable logic. The objectives of the course are to understand logic simplification methods, design combinational and sequential logic circuits using HDL, understand various types of memory and programmable devices. The syllabus allocates 45 periods to cover all the units in depth. Relevant textbooks and references are also provided.
This document describes basic logic gates and their functions. It explains that an AND gate outputs 1 only when all inputs are 1, while an OR gate outputs 1 if any input is 1. A NOT gate inverts the input, and a NAND gate outputs 1 when any input is 0. A NOR gate only outputs 1 when all inputs are 0, and an XOR gate outputs 1 when the inputs are different.
This document provides information about Dr. Krishnanaik Vankdoth and his background and qualifications. It then discusses digital logic design topics like digital circuits, combinational logic, sequential circuits, logic gates, truth tables, adders, decoders, encoders, multiplexers and demultiplexers. Example circuits are provided and the functions of components like full adders, parallel adders, magnitude comparators are explained through diagrams and logic equations.
This document discusses Boolean algebra and its applications in logic gates and circuits. It begins by defining Boolean algebra as the logic used to describe propositions that are either true or false. It then provides the common logic gate symbols and their meanings. The remainder of the document walks through examples of using Boolean algebra to represent circuits with logic gates, derive the outputs of gates from given inputs, and construct circuits based on truth tables. It concludes with examples of real-world situations that can be modeled with Boolean logic.
George Boole developed Boolean algebra between 1815-1864 as an algebra of logic to represent logical statements as algebraic expressions. Boolean algebra uses two values, True and False (represented by 1 and 0 respectively) and logical operators like AND, OR, and NOT to represent logical statements and perform operations on them. Boolean algebra finds application in digital circuits where it is used to perform logical operations. Canonical forms and Karnaugh maps are techniques used to simplify Boolean expressions into their minimal forms.
George Boole published "An Investigation into the Laws of Thought" in 1854, outlining a system of logic and algebraic language dealing with true and false values. This became known as Boolean logic. Boolean logic uses only true and false values and the basic operations are AND, OR, and NOT. Boolean logic is the basis for modern computing, as electronic circuits can represent Boolean operations using gates. Circuits called AND, OR, and NOT gates perform the corresponding logical operations and form the building blocks for digital logic.
1) Karnaugh maps provide a systematic method for simplifying Boolean expressions and minimizing them to their simplest forms.
2) Karnaugh maps arrange variables in a two-dimensional grid where each cell represents a minterm and adjacent cells differ in only one variable.
3) Expressions can be minimized by grouping adjacent cells containing 1s and eliminating any variables that change across the group's boundaries.
The document discusses digital logic gates and their usage in computers. It describes that logic gates combine electrical pulses following logical rules and are the basic components used to move data and instructions through a computer. The three basic logic gates are AND, OR, and NOT. These gates can be combined to perform more complex logic functions and operations like addition. Adders are constructed using networks of half adders and full adders to add binary numbers.
This document outlines the syllabus for the subject Digital Principles and System Design. It contains 5 units that cover topics such as Boolean algebra, logic gates, combinational logic, sequential logic, asynchronous sequential logic, memory and programmable logic. The objectives of the course are to understand logic simplification methods, design combinational and sequential logic circuits using HDL, understand various types of memory and programmable devices. The syllabus allocates 45 periods to cover all the units in depth. Relevant textbooks and references are also provided.
This document describes basic logic gates and their functions. It explains that an AND gate outputs 1 only when all inputs are 1, while an OR gate outputs 1 if any input is 1. A NOT gate inverts the input, and a NAND gate outputs 1 when any input is 0. A NOR gate only outputs 1 when all inputs are 0, and an XOR gate outputs 1 when the inputs are different.
This document provides information about Dr. Krishnanaik Vankdoth and his background and qualifications. It then discusses digital logic design topics like digital circuits, combinational logic, sequential circuits, logic gates, truth tables, adders, decoders, encoders, multiplexers and demultiplexers. Example circuits are provided and the functions of components like full adders, parallel adders, magnitude comparators are explained through diagrams and logic equations.
This document discusses Boolean algebra and its applications in logic gates and circuits. It begins by defining Boolean algebra as the logic used to describe propositions that are either true or false. It then provides the common logic gate symbols and their meanings. The remainder of the document walks through examples of using Boolean algebra to represent circuits with logic gates, derive the outputs of gates from given inputs, and construct circuits based on truth tables. It concludes with examples of real-world situations that can be modeled with Boolean logic.
George Boole developed Boolean algebra between 1815-1864 as an algebra of logic to represent logical statements as algebraic expressions. Boolean algebra uses two values, True and False (represented by 1 and 0 respectively) and logical operators like AND, OR, and NOT to represent logical statements and perform operations on them. Boolean algebra finds application in digital circuits where it is used to perform logical operations. Canonical forms and Karnaugh maps are techniques used to simplify Boolean expressions into their minimal forms.
George Boole published "An Investigation into the Laws of Thought" in 1854, outlining a system of logic and algebraic language dealing with true and false values. This became known as Boolean logic. Boolean logic uses only true and false values and the basic operations are AND, OR, and NOT. Boolean logic is the basis for modern computing, as electronic circuits can represent Boolean operations using gates. Circuits called AND, OR, and NOT gates perform the corresponding logical operations and form the building blocks for digital logic.
1) Karnaugh maps provide a systematic method for simplifying Boolean expressions and minimizing them to their simplest forms.
2) Karnaugh maps arrange variables in a two-dimensional grid where each cell represents a minterm and adjacent cells differ in only one variable.
3) Expressions can be minimized by grouping adjacent cells containing 1s and eliminating any variables that change across the group's boundaries.
The document discusses digital logic gates and their usage in computers. It describes that logic gates combine electrical pulses following logical rules and are the basic components used to move data and instructions through a computer. The three basic logic gates are AND, OR, and NOT. These gates can be combined to perform more complex logic functions and operations like addition. Adders are constructed using networks of half adders and full adders to add binary numbers.
Edge Trigged Flip Flpps, this presentation will cover the following topics
Flip Flops
Properties of flip flops
Edge trigged flip flops
THE EDGE TRIGGERED S-R FLIP FLOPS
THE EDGE TRIGGERED J-K FLIP FLOPS
THE EDGE TRIGGERED D FLIP FLOPS
THE EDGE TRIGGERED T FLIP FLOPS
Operating characteristics of edge trigged flip flops
This document discusses digital systems and binary number representation. It covers:
1) An overview of digital systems including their applications and design process.
2) Converting between different number bases such as binary, decimal, octal and hexadecimal. Methods for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division in binary are also presented.
3) Techniques for representing negative numbers in binary including sign-magnitude, 1's complement, and 2's complement representations. The process of adding numbers in both the 1's complement and 2's complement systems is explained.
Introduction to Half and Full Adder Circuit - Part 01 | Digital Logic Design |JalpaMaheshwari1
This lecture introduces the Half and Full Adder circuit in Digital Logic design, its application, Truth table, and Logic diagram. And further, the logic diagram is being designed in Multisim software for verifying the truth table.
This document discusses various logic gates and their truth tables. It begins by explaining the AND, OR, and NOT gates and providing their respective logic symbols, descriptions, and truth tables. It then covers the NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR gates. The document also provides an example of converting a logic circuit diagram into a truth table and a Boolean expression. Finally, it discusses implementations of logic gates using integrated circuits and the use of Karnaugh maps to minimize logic expressions.
Algorithm and flowchart with pseudo codehamza javed
1. Initialize the biggest price to the first price in the list
2. Loop through the remaining 99 prices
3. Compare each price to the biggest and update biggest if greater
4. After the loop, reduce the biggest price by 10%
5. Output the reduced biggest price
This document provides an overview of digital logic circuits. It begins with an introduction to logic gates and Boolean algebra. Common logic gates like AND, OR, NOT are explained with their truth tables. Boolean algebra identities and theorems like De Morgan's theorem are listed as useful tools for simplifying logic functions. Karnaugh maps are introduced as a method to simplify Boolean functions into sum of products form. The document discusses various logic circuit design techniques including implementing logic functions from their truth tables or Karnaugh maps using logic gates.
Digital and Logic Design Chapter 1 binary_systemsImran Waris
This document discusses binary number systems and digital computing. It covers binary numbers, number base conversions between decimal, binary, octal and hexadecimal. It also discusses binary coding techniques like binary-coded decimal, signed magnitude representation, one's complement and two's complement representations for negative numbers.
- Karnaugh maps are used to simplify Boolean algebra expressions by grouping adjacent 1s in a two-dimensional grid.
- Groups must contain powers of 2 cells and cannot include any 0s. They can overlap and wrap around the map.
- The simplified expression is obtained by determining which variables stay the same within each group.
boolean algrebra and logic gates in shortRojin Khadka
The document discusses logic gates and Boolean algebra. It describes the basic logic gates - OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR and XOR gates. It explains their symbols, truth tables and functions. Logic gates are electronic circuits that make logic decisions. Boolean algebra uses values of 0 and 1 instead of numbers. It has laws like commutative, associative and distributive laws that define operations on logic values. Logic gates and Boolean algebra are important for designing digital circuits and simplifying logical functions.
This document discusses latches and flip-flops. It begins by explaining the difference between latches and flip-flops, noting that latches do not have a clock signal while flip-flops do. It then discusses several types of flip-flops - RS, Clocked RS, D, JK, and T - providing the definition, explanation, circuit diagram, and truth table for each. It also discusses several types of latches - SR, Gated SR, and D - providing the definition, explanation, and circuit diagram for each. The document aims to explain the key characteristics and workings of various latches and flip-flops.
This document discusses Boolean logic and digital logic basics. It covers topics like logic gates (AND, OR, NOT), transistors, truth tables, precedence rules, NAND and NOR gates, integration levels from SSI to VLSI, logical expressions, equivalence, and Boolean algebra properties.
This document summarizes key concepts about combinational logic circuits. It defines combinational logic as circuits whose outputs depend only on the current inputs, in contrast to sequential logic which also depends on prior inputs. Common combinational circuits are described like half and full adders used for arithmetic, as well as decoders. The design process for combinational circuits is outlined involving specification, formulation, optimization and technology mapping. Implementation of functions using NAND and NOR gates is also discussed.
Register
Serial Input Serial Output
Serial Input Parallel Output
Parallel Input Serial Output
Parallel Input Parallel Output
Flip-flop is a 1 bit memory cell which can be used for storing the digital data. To increase the storage capacity in terms of number of bits, we have to use a group of flip-flop. Such a group of flip-flop is known as a Register. The n-bit register will consist of n number of flip-flop and it is capable of storing an n-bit word.
The binary data in a register can be moved within the register from one flip-flop to another.
This document discusses 1's and 2's complement in binary numbers. 1's complement involves flipping all the bits in a binary number to perform subtraction. 2's complement is obtained by adding 1 to the 1's complement. As an example, it shows subtracting 1010 from 1111 in binary using the 1's and 2's complement methods.
Fundamental principle of counting- ch 6 - Discrete MathematicsOmnia A. Abdullah
The document discusses the generalized product rule for determining the number of ways a procedure consisting of sequential tasks can be carried out. It states that if there are n1 ways to complete task 1, n2 ways to complete task 2, and so on up to nm ways to complete the final task, then the total number of ways to complete the entire procedure is the product of n1, n2, ..., nm. It provides the example that in a class of 60 students, there are at least 12 students who will receive the same letter grade of A, B, C, D, or F.
The document discusses binary arithmetic operations including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It provides examples and step-by-step explanations of how to perform each operation in binary. For addition and subtraction, it explains the rules and concepts like carry bits and two's complement. For multiplication, it describes the shift-and-add method. And for division, it outlines the long division approach of shift-and-subtract in binary.
Digital logic circuits important question and answers for 5 unitsLekashri Subramanian
This document provides information about digital logic circuits and binary operations. It includes definitions of key terms like registers, register transfer, binary logic, logic gates, and parity bits. It also covers operations like subtraction using 2's and 1's complements, and reducing Boolean expressions using De Morgan's theorems, duality properties, and canonical forms.
This document introduces group members Md. Ilias Bappi and Md.Kawsar Hamid and presents information on number systems and conversions. It discusses the decimal number system and defines ones' complement and twos' complement in binary. It provides examples of converting between binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal systems using appropriate techniques like multiplying bit positions by powers of the base. Conversions include binary to decimal, octal to decimal, hexadecimal to decimal, decimal to binary, octal to binary, hexadecimal to binary, decimal to octal, octal to hexadecimal, and binary to decimal representations of fractions.
This document discusses Boolean algebra and logic gates. It begins by defining basic logic gates like AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and XOR. It then provides truth tables and circuit diagrams for each gate. The document also covers Boolean algebra concepts like Boolean constants, variables, functions, and theorems. Additional topics discussed include Boolean laws, converting between logic circuits and equations, adding binary numbers, and applications to computer memory and processing.
This document contains 56 questions and answers related to VLSI design. The questions cover topics such as logic gates, multiplexers, flip-flops, finite state machines, adders, encoders, decoders, PLAs, FPGAs, CPLDs, K-maps, and more. While the answers provide explanations and circuit implementations to help understand the concepts being asked about.
The document discusses Karnaugh maps and their use in minimizing Boolean functions. Karnaugh maps arrange variables in a grid and use 1s and 0s to represent truth table outputs. Adjacent 1s that differ in only one variable can be combined to simplify the Boolean expression. Larger groups like quads and octets allow eliminating more variables. Karnaugh maps provide a visual way to minimize functions through identifying and combining adjacent terms.
Edge Trigged Flip Flpps, this presentation will cover the following topics
Flip Flops
Properties of flip flops
Edge trigged flip flops
THE EDGE TRIGGERED S-R FLIP FLOPS
THE EDGE TRIGGERED J-K FLIP FLOPS
THE EDGE TRIGGERED D FLIP FLOPS
THE EDGE TRIGGERED T FLIP FLOPS
Operating characteristics of edge trigged flip flops
This document discusses digital systems and binary number representation. It covers:
1) An overview of digital systems including their applications and design process.
2) Converting between different number bases such as binary, decimal, octal and hexadecimal. Methods for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division in binary are also presented.
3) Techniques for representing negative numbers in binary including sign-magnitude, 1's complement, and 2's complement representations. The process of adding numbers in both the 1's complement and 2's complement systems is explained.
Introduction to Half and Full Adder Circuit - Part 01 | Digital Logic Design |JalpaMaheshwari1
This lecture introduces the Half and Full Adder circuit in Digital Logic design, its application, Truth table, and Logic diagram. And further, the logic diagram is being designed in Multisim software for verifying the truth table.
This document discusses various logic gates and their truth tables. It begins by explaining the AND, OR, and NOT gates and providing their respective logic symbols, descriptions, and truth tables. It then covers the NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR gates. The document also provides an example of converting a logic circuit diagram into a truth table and a Boolean expression. Finally, it discusses implementations of logic gates using integrated circuits and the use of Karnaugh maps to minimize logic expressions.
Algorithm and flowchart with pseudo codehamza javed
1. Initialize the biggest price to the first price in the list
2. Loop through the remaining 99 prices
3. Compare each price to the biggest and update biggest if greater
4. After the loop, reduce the biggest price by 10%
5. Output the reduced biggest price
This document provides an overview of digital logic circuits. It begins with an introduction to logic gates and Boolean algebra. Common logic gates like AND, OR, NOT are explained with their truth tables. Boolean algebra identities and theorems like De Morgan's theorem are listed as useful tools for simplifying logic functions. Karnaugh maps are introduced as a method to simplify Boolean functions into sum of products form. The document discusses various logic circuit design techniques including implementing logic functions from their truth tables or Karnaugh maps using logic gates.
Digital and Logic Design Chapter 1 binary_systemsImran Waris
This document discusses binary number systems and digital computing. It covers binary numbers, number base conversions between decimal, binary, octal and hexadecimal. It also discusses binary coding techniques like binary-coded decimal, signed magnitude representation, one's complement and two's complement representations for negative numbers.
- Karnaugh maps are used to simplify Boolean algebra expressions by grouping adjacent 1s in a two-dimensional grid.
- Groups must contain powers of 2 cells and cannot include any 0s. They can overlap and wrap around the map.
- The simplified expression is obtained by determining which variables stay the same within each group.
boolean algrebra and logic gates in shortRojin Khadka
The document discusses logic gates and Boolean algebra. It describes the basic logic gates - OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR and XOR gates. It explains their symbols, truth tables and functions. Logic gates are electronic circuits that make logic decisions. Boolean algebra uses values of 0 and 1 instead of numbers. It has laws like commutative, associative and distributive laws that define operations on logic values. Logic gates and Boolean algebra are important for designing digital circuits and simplifying logical functions.
This document discusses latches and flip-flops. It begins by explaining the difference between latches and flip-flops, noting that latches do not have a clock signal while flip-flops do. It then discusses several types of flip-flops - RS, Clocked RS, D, JK, and T - providing the definition, explanation, circuit diagram, and truth table for each. It also discusses several types of latches - SR, Gated SR, and D - providing the definition, explanation, and circuit diagram for each. The document aims to explain the key characteristics and workings of various latches and flip-flops.
This document discusses Boolean logic and digital logic basics. It covers topics like logic gates (AND, OR, NOT), transistors, truth tables, precedence rules, NAND and NOR gates, integration levels from SSI to VLSI, logical expressions, equivalence, and Boolean algebra properties.
This document summarizes key concepts about combinational logic circuits. It defines combinational logic as circuits whose outputs depend only on the current inputs, in contrast to sequential logic which also depends on prior inputs. Common combinational circuits are described like half and full adders used for arithmetic, as well as decoders. The design process for combinational circuits is outlined involving specification, formulation, optimization and technology mapping. Implementation of functions using NAND and NOR gates is also discussed.
Register
Serial Input Serial Output
Serial Input Parallel Output
Parallel Input Serial Output
Parallel Input Parallel Output
Flip-flop is a 1 bit memory cell which can be used for storing the digital data. To increase the storage capacity in terms of number of bits, we have to use a group of flip-flop. Such a group of flip-flop is known as a Register. The n-bit register will consist of n number of flip-flop and it is capable of storing an n-bit word.
The binary data in a register can be moved within the register from one flip-flop to another.
This document discusses 1's and 2's complement in binary numbers. 1's complement involves flipping all the bits in a binary number to perform subtraction. 2's complement is obtained by adding 1 to the 1's complement. As an example, it shows subtracting 1010 from 1111 in binary using the 1's and 2's complement methods.
Fundamental principle of counting- ch 6 - Discrete MathematicsOmnia A. Abdullah
The document discusses the generalized product rule for determining the number of ways a procedure consisting of sequential tasks can be carried out. It states that if there are n1 ways to complete task 1, n2 ways to complete task 2, and so on up to nm ways to complete the final task, then the total number of ways to complete the entire procedure is the product of n1, n2, ..., nm. It provides the example that in a class of 60 students, there are at least 12 students who will receive the same letter grade of A, B, C, D, or F.
The document discusses binary arithmetic operations including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It provides examples and step-by-step explanations of how to perform each operation in binary. For addition and subtraction, it explains the rules and concepts like carry bits and two's complement. For multiplication, it describes the shift-and-add method. And for division, it outlines the long division approach of shift-and-subtract in binary.
Digital logic circuits important question and answers for 5 unitsLekashri Subramanian
This document provides information about digital logic circuits and binary operations. It includes definitions of key terms like registers, register transfer, binary logic, logic gates, and parity bits. It also covers operations like subtraction using 2's and 1's complements, and reducing Boolean expressions using De Morgan's theorems, duality properties, and canonical forms.
This document introduces group members Md. Ilias Bappi and Md.Kawsar Hamid and presents information on number systems and conversions. It discusses the decimal number system and defines ones' complement and twos' complement in binary. It provides examples of converting between binary, decimal, octal, and hexadecimal systems using appropriate techniques like multiplying bit positions by powers of the base. Conversions include binary to decimal, octal to decimal, hexadecimal to decimal, decimal to binary, octal to binary, hexadecimal to binary, decimal to octal, octal to hexadecimal, and binary to decimal representations of fractions.
This document discusses Boolean algebra and logic gates. It begins by defining basic logic gates like AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and XOR. It then provides truth tables and circuit diagrams for each gate. The document also covers Boolean algebra concepts like Boolean constants, variables, functions, and theorems. Additional topics discussed include Boolean laws, converting between logic circuits and equations, adding binary numbers, and applications to computer memory and processing.
This document contains 56 questions and answers related to VLSI design. The questions cover topics such as logic gates, multiplexers, flip-flops, finite state machines, adders, encoders, decoders, PLAs, FPGAs, CPLDs, K-maps, and more. While the answers provide explanations and circuit implementations to help understand the concepts being asked about.
The document discusses Karnaugh maps and their use in minimizing Boolean functions. Karnaugh maps arrange variables in a grid and use 1s and 0s to represent truth table outputs. Adjacent 1s that differ in only one variable can be combined to simplify the Boolean expression. Larger groups like quads and octets allow eliminating more variables. Karnaugh maps provide a visual way to minimize functions through identifying and combining adjacent terms.
O'levels Computer Science 2210 Syllaybus 2015Tabsheer Hasan
This document outlines the changes made to the Cambridge O Level Computer Science syllabus for 2015, including:
1) The syllabus name has been changed to "Computer Science" to reflect the progression to AS/AL levels and bring the content up to date.
2) The syllabus code has changed to 2210.
3) The assessment structure has been updated, with Paper 1 now being 1 hour 45 minutes and worth 60% and a new Paper 2 problem-solving exam worth 40%. Coursework has been removed.
4) The content has been revised, with new topics in arrays, computer ethics, and hexadecimal numbers, and one topic removed on systems life cycles.
OCR GCSE Computing - Binary logic and Truth Tablesnorthernkiwi
This document discusses binary logic and logic gates. It explains that data is represented in binary form in computers to facilitate logical operations. There are three main logic gates: AND, OR, and NOT. Truth tables are used to systematically represent the output of logic gates and diagrams for all possible combinations of inputs. The document provides examples of logic gates, diagrams, truth tables, and activities for students to practice creating diagrams and truth tables.
Boolean algebra was developed by George Boole and applied to electrical circuits by Claude Shannon. It uses logical operators like AND, OR, and NOT to represent logical statements that are either true or false. Boolean algebra represents the states of electrical components like switches that are either open or closed. Circuits with switches in series represent AND operations, while circuits with switches in parallel represent OR operations. Boolean algebra expresses logical relationships using variables, operators, and equations in sum-of-products or product-of-sums form. It provides a mathematical foundation for analyzing electrical circuits and digital logic.
This document contains 12 multiple choice questions about basic logic gates and their properties. It tests knowledge about which gates are basic logic gates, the number of inputs for gates like NOT, Boolean expressions for gates like AND, OR, and NOR, universal gates, and the complements of gates like AND and EX-OR. The answers provided indicate the correct response for each question.
Logic gates are electronic circuits that perform basic logical operations and form the building blocks of digital circuits. The document discusses different types of logic gates like AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR. It explains their truth tables and Boolean expressions. It also talks about how logic gates are implemented using transistors and their use in basic circuits like flip-flops that form the basis of computer memory.
This document provides guidance and tips for interviewing at Xilinx. It includes sample answers to common interview questions such as "Why should we hire you?", "What do you know about Xilinx?", "Why do you want to work with Xilinx?", "Why should Xilinx hire you?", "What can you do for Xilinx?", and "What kind of salary do you need?". It also lists additional interview preparation materials and tips such as practicing different interview types, sending thank you letters, preparing questions to ask, and researching common interview questions.
digital logic design Chapter 2 boolean_algebra_&_logic_gatesImran Waris
The document discusses Boolean algebra and logic gates. It defines binary operators like AND, OR, and NOT. It covers Boolean algebra postulates and theorems including duality, DeMorgan's theorem, and absorption. Standard forms like sum of products and product of sums are presented. Common logic gates such as AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR are defined. Homework problems from a textbook are listed involving simplifying Boolean expressions, drawing logic diagrams, and converting expressions between canonical forms.
Ch4 Boolean Algebra And Logic Simplication1Qundeel
The document provides an overview of Boolean algebra and its application to logic circuits and digital design. It defines basic Boolean operations like AND, OR, NOT. It describes laws and identities of Boolean algebra including commutative, associative, distributive, Demorgan's theorems. It discusses ways to simplify Boolean expressions using these laws and identities. It also covers standard forms like Sum of Products and Product of Sums and how to convert between them. Truth tables are presented as a way to represent Boolean functions. Programmable logic devices like PALs and GALs are also briefly mentioned.
This document discusses logic gates and their functions. It describes three basic logic gates: AND gates, OR gates, and NOT gates. AND gates only output true if both inputs are true. OR gates output true if either input is true. NOT gates reverse the input logic state. Examples are given for each gate type.
The document discusses logic gates and their usage. It introduces different logic gates including AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR. It describes how to draw logic circuits from Boolean expressions and analyze circuits to obtain logical expressions. The document also discusses how NAND and NOR gates are universal and can be used to build any other logic gate. It covers positive and negative logic and how to construct sum-of-product and product-of-sum expressions using logic gates.
The document discusses various topics related to mobile communication systems:
1. Different categories of antennas and examples of each including wire antennas, microstrip antennas, reflector antennas, travelling wave antennas, and aperture antennas.
2. Types of handover in mobile networks - hard handoff and soft handoff.
3. Ionospheric bending which is the phenomenon of radio wave refraction in the ionospheric layer causing the waves to bend.
Microprocessors and microcontrollers short answer questions and answersAbhijith Augustine
The document contains questions and answers related to microprocessors and computer architecture. It defines a microprocessor as a CPU fabricated on a single chip that fetches and executes instructions. The basic units of a microprocessor are described as an ALU, registers, and a control unit. Key features of the Intel 8086 microprocessor from 1978 are provided, such as its 16-bit architecture, instruction set, and pin configuration. The differences between a microprocessor and microcontroller are explained. [END SUMMARY]
Weighted codes assign a positional weight or value to each digit, where the sum of the digit values multiplied by their weights represents the number. Non-weighted codes do not assign positional weights. BCD is a weighted 4-bit code that represents the decimal digits 0-9. It uses weights of 24, 23, 22, 21 from most to least significant bit. The Gray code is a non-weighted code where each number differs from the previous by one bit. Excess-3 code is a non-weighted 4-bit BCD code where 3 is added to each decimal digit before conversion to BCD.
Very brief presentation about open vs. closed system, open source, community source, and some of the challenges by robin fay, georgiawebgurl@gmail.com.
The document discusses binary expression trees, which are a type of binary tree used to represent arithmetic expressions. A binary expression tree has operands as leaf nodes and operators as internal nodes. The left and right subtrees of each operator node represent subexpressions that must be evaluated before applying the operator. The document provides examples of binary expression trees and discusses traversing them using inorder, preorder, and postorder traversals. Algorithms are presented for building a binary expression tree from a prefix notation expression and for evaluating an expression by scanning it and using operator and value stacks.
This document provides an overview of the history and development of computer architecture. It begins with some of the earliest computing devices like the abacus and ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic digital computer. It then discusses the evolution of CPU and memory architecture from vacuum tubes to integrated circuits and microprocessors. The document outlines different bus architectures like ISA, EISA, MCA, PCI, and AGP that were used to connect components. It also reviews memory hierarchies and I/O interfaces like IDE, SCSI, serial ports, USB, and parallel ports. The presentation aims to trace the progression of computer hardware technology over time.
The document provides information about current, electromotive force, potential difference, and resistance. It defines key terms, provides equations, and examples of calculations. It describes:
- Current is the flow of charge measured in amperes. It is carried by the flow of electrons in a conductor.
- Electromotive force is the work done per unit charge to drive charge around a complete circuit. It is measured in volts.
- Potential difference is the work done per unit charge to move charge through a circuit component. It is also measured in volts.
- Resistance is the opposition to current flow. It is calculated as potential difference divided by current and measured in ohms.
This document describes designing and simulating various combinational logic circuits using Verilog HDL and the Xilinx ISE simulator. It includes the design of half adders, full adders, parallel adders, multiplexers, demultiplexers, and 2-bit magnitude comparators. It provides circuit diagrams, truth tables, Verilog code, and output waveforms for each circuit. It also describes the steps for opening a new project in Xilinx ISE, writing Verilog code, synthesizing the code, and viewing the output schematic and waveform.
The document provides an overview of custom single-purpose processor design. It discusses converting algorithms to state machines with datapaths (FSMDs) and describes the process of splitting an FSMD model into separate controller and datapath components. Key steps include creating registers for variables, functional units for operations, and using multiplexors to control data flow. The document includes an example of designing a greatest common divisor processor from a high-level algorithm down to a detailed controller state table and datapath configuration.
This document describes the design and simulation of a simple office automation system circuit. The circuit controls door, fan, and light outputs based on a 3-bit binary input from 000 to 111 representing the office time. A truth table is developed and logic equations are derived for each output. The circuit is designed in Quartus II and simulated in ModelSim-Altera. Specific TTL ICs are identified to physically implement the circuit which is then constructed and tested to verify proper functioning.
This document describes the design of custom single-purpose processors. It discusses converting algorithms to state machines and finite state machines with datapaths. It also covers creating the datapath and controller, including registers, functional units, multiplexors and the controller state table and implementation. The example shown is for a greatest common divisor processor.
This document discusses sequential logic circuits and their analysis. It defines combinational and sequential logic, and synchronous and asynchronous circuits. There are two main types of sequential logic models - Moore and Mealy machines. Analysis of sequential circuits involves deriving their state tables and state diagrams from the circuit description. Examples show how to analyze circuits using D flip-flops, JK flip-flops, and a serial adder circuit. Multiple input state machines have state tables where the next state depends on all present inputs.
This document contains 25 questions related to basic digital logic gates and Boolean algebra. It covers topics like universal gates, minterms and maxterms, De Morgan's laws, Shannon expansion theorem, implementation of logic gates using other gates, parity generation, comparators and other basic concepts. Answers to each question are provided after the questions.
The document contains questions from a switching theory and logic design exam. It asks students to answer any five of eight questions. The questions cover topics like:
1. Complements and duals of Boolean functions
2. Implementing logic circuits with PLA and K-maps
3. Sequential circuits like counters, flip-flops and state machines
4. Codes like binary, gray and hamming codes
5. Arithmetic operations using binary numbers
The document discusses combinational logic circuits. It describes combinational logic design procedures including specification, formulation, optimization, technology mapping, and verification. It also discusses analysis procedures for logic diagrams, including labeling gate outputs and determining Boolean functions. Additional topics covered include half adders, full adders, binary adders, decoders, encoders, multiplexers, priority encoders, and binary-coded decimal to seven-segment displays. Diagrams and truth tables are provided for various logic gates and circuits.
Logic gate tester for IC's ( Digital Electronics and Logic deisgn EE3114 )Jikrul Sayeed
Name of the project: Logic Gate Tester for DELD EE3114
1.1Abstract:
Performing various types of logic operation we need to use logic gates and in integrated circuit there are more than one gates fabricated in a single IC. Before using gates for various purposes we need to check logic gates including all logic
combination considering in Binary (Logic 1 & 0) needs to implement. It is a time consuming task to check all the input combinations, thus the sole purpose of this project to make it automatic to check all the logic .
The document describes a 4-bit synchronous ALU design project including schematics and layouts. Key components designed were logic gates, a carry lookahead adder, D flip-flop, 4-bit register, and multiplexer. Layouts were extracted and LVS was performed to verify the layouts matched the schematics. Simulation shows the ALU performs 4-bit addition, 2's complement, add-traction, 4-input NAND, 4-input NOR, and 1's complement as required for different input codes.
Digital logic circuits have two states - on or off (1 or 0, true or false). TTL uses bipolar transistors and operates at 5V but requires more power, while CMOS uses MOSFETs, operates at 3-15V, and consumes very little power, making it suitable for portable equipment. Sequential logic has an output dependent on current and previous inputs, while combinational logic only depends on current inputs. Basic logic gates include AND, OR, NAND, NOR, NOT, XOR, and XNOR.
This document contains an evaluation form for a practical exam on introducing AutoCAD. It instructs students to create a drawing using absolute, relative and polar coordinate systems to redraw a diagram. They must enter the coordinates into a table and save the drawing file. It provides the procedures, equipment needed, and evaluation criteria for accuracy and timeliness.
This document provides an overview of Instrumentation Tools, a website that offers learning resources about instrumentation and control engineering. It covers topics such as industrial instrumentation, PLCs, DCS, SCADA, field instruments, and analyzers. The document also includes 10 multiple choice questions about instrumentation diagrams. The questions test understanding of concepts like P&IDs, loop diagrams, and the functions of different instrumentation components. Answers are provided for self-assessment.
Cost Efficient Design of Reversible Adder Circuits for Low Power ApplicationsVIT-AP University
A large amount of research is currently going on in the field
of reversible logic, which have low heat dissipation, low
power consumption, which is the main factor to apply
reversible in digital VLSI circuit design.This paper introduces
reversible gate named as ‘Inventive0 gate’. The novel gate is
synthesis the efficient adder modules with minimum garbage
output and gate count. The Inventive0 gate capable of
implementing a 4-bit ripple carry adder and carry skip adders.
It is presented that Inventive0 gate is much more efficient and
optimized approach as compared to their existing design, in
terms of gate count, garbage outputs and constant inputs. In
addition, some popular available reversible gates are
implemented in the MOS transistor design the implementation
kept in mind for minimum MOS transistor count and are
completely reversible in behaviour more precise forward and
backward computation. Lesser architectural complexity show
that the novel designs are compact, fast as well as low power.
The document provides solutions to various digital logic design problems involving gates like XOR, OR, NAND and circuits like alarm circuit, encoder, decoder, multiplexer, flip-flops, counters and linear feedback shift register. The problems are solved through truth tables, K-maps and schematic diagrams. Implementation of basic gates to realize complex functions and sequential circuits are demonstrated.
108EN Electrical and Electronic scienceDesign, Simulation .docxpaynetawnya
108EN Electrical and Electronic science
Design, Simulation and Technical Report
Place a picture of your hardware design
Contents
List of Figures 0
List of Tables 0
Part A: DC circuits [15 marks] 1
Introduction (5 Marks) 1
Design and simulation (35 Marks) 1
Hardware design (10 Marks) 2
Part C Results (10 Marks) 3
Part C (10 Marks) 4
Conclusions and Recommendations (5 Marks) 5
References (5 Marks) 5
Appendix (optional) 5
1
List of Figures
Figure 1: The simulated circuit1
Figure 2: The designed decoder2
Figure 3: The hardware circuit2
Figure 4: Priority encoder3List of Tables
Table 1: Truth table2
Part A: Semiconductor Devices, LO 5,6 [10 marks]
Take a photo of your constructed circuit [1 mark]
Insert a screenshot showing the signal across the load resister[4marks]
Explain the produced graph and steps you followed to accomplish it. This should prove your ownership of the design and understanding of the functions of MyDaq kit [5 marks].
Part B: Digital Circuits LO 3,6 [75 marks]Introduction (5 Marks)
Briefly summarise your project and steps followed to accomplish it. This should be written last and should be short (about 100 to 150 words). It should emphasize briefly the basis or reasons for the experiment. In addition, the methodology/ procedure, analysis, significant findings, conclusions and recommendations are also expected to be summarised concisely (in few sentences bearing in mind the number of words limitation).
The introduction should include an introductory paragraph that details the relevance of this lab to the demonstration of engineering principles.
A few paragraphs should be written that give good examples of where this work occurs in industry/ engineering design etc (Provide some figures of relevant application).
Introduce very briefly the rest of the Lab report sections here.
Hardware design (15 Marks)
Provide a brief description of all elements used in building the circuits (Push buttons, Pull-up resistors, Inverters, decoders, 7-segment resistors and 7-segment), suggestions and further improvements. Use the datasheets provided via Moodle or any other references. Use Harvard referencing guide found on Moodle.
Figure 3: The hardware circuit
Figure 4: Priority encoder
Figure 5: Common Anode 7 segment display (Source: ElectronicsTutorials)
Use Harvard referencing. Design and simulation (35 Marks)
Figure 1: The simulated circuit on Multisim
Re-design the SN7447A IC using logic gates, explain how and what you have done. Provide background theory and math (Boolean) where appropriate.
Table 1: Truth table
Clearly labelled photographs or schematics (often preferable) of the equipment are required.
Figure 2: The designed decoder on Multisim
It is important to show evidence of deep gained knowledge.
Conclusions and Recommendations (5 Marks)
This section (100 – 200 words) should briefly summarise the main conclusions of the laboratory exercise. What comes first, simulation or hardware c ...
The document describes experiments to be performed in a digital systems lab. It discusses realizing logic gates using NAND and NOR gates, designing combinational logic circuits like half adders and full adders using NAND gates, designing magnitude comparators using gates and ICs, realizing multiplexers and demultiplexers, using a BCD to 7-segment decoder with a display, and designing ripple counters using JK flip-flops. The experiments aim to help students learn digital logic design and implement various circuits using logic gates and ICs on a breadboard. Precautions are outlined to ensure proper connections and prevent damage to components.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
artificial intelligence and data science contents.pptxGauravCar
What is artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks that are commonly associated with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason.
› ...
Artificial intelligence (AI) | Definitio
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
cnn.pptx Convolutional neural network used for image classication
Logic Gates O level Past Papers questions
1. General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level COMPILED BY: ABDUL MOIZ
CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
COMPUTER STUDIES 2210/1
Logic Gates
Summer 2014 P1 (Q7) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
Summer 2014 P1 (Q7).....................................................................................................................................1
Specimen 2015 P1 (Q3)...................................................................................................................................4
Summer 2013 P11 (Q10).................................................................................................................................6
Summer 2013 P12 (Q15).................................................................................................................................6
Winter 2012 P12 (Q11)...................................................................................................................................7
Winter 2012 P13 (Q15)...................................................................................................................................8
Summer 2012 P11 (Q12).................................................................................................................................8
Summer 2012 P12 (Q10).................................................................................................................................9
Winter 2011 P11 (Q14).................................................................................................................................10
Summer 2011 P11 (Q10)...............................................................................................................................12
Specimen 2011 P1 (Q11)...............................................................................................................................13
Specimen 2011 P1 (Q12)...............................................................................................................................13
Summer 2014 P1 (Q7)
Q. (a) Draw the logic circuit for the logic statement:
X = 1 if (L is NOT 1 AND F = 1) OR (F is NOT 1 AND A is 1)
Computer-2210 (Bit Pattern) (1) abdul.moiz99@yahoo.com
2. [5]
(b) Complete the truth table for the above system.
L F A
Working space
X
0 0 0
0 0 1
0 1 0
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 0 1
1 1 0
1 1 1
S O L U T I O N:
(a) 1 mark per correct logic gate (accept other gate symbols)
Computer-2210 (Bit Pattern) (2) abdul.moiz99@yahoo.com
L
F X
A
4. Specimen 2015 P1 (Q3)
An alarm, Y, sends a signal (Y = 1) when certain fault conditions in a chemical process are detected. The inputs
are:
Computer-2210 (Bit Pattern) (4) abdul.moiz99@yahoo.com
L F A X
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0
1 0 1 1
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 0
5. The alarm, Y, returns a value of 1 if:
either temperature >= 120o
C AND stirrer bar is OFF
or acidity > 5 AND temperature < 120o
C
(a) Draw the logic circuit for the above system using these logic gates. [5]
Computer-2210 (Bit Pattern) (5) abdul.moiz99@yahoo.com
6. (b) Complete the truth table for this alarm system. [4]
A T S Y
1 1 1
1 1 0
1 0 1
1 0 0
0 1 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
Summer 2013 P11 (Q10)
(a) (i) Complete the truth table for the logic circuit which is made up of NAND gates only. [2]
(ii) What single logic gate has the same function as the above logic circuit? [1]
(b) (i) Complete the truth table for the logic circuit.
(ii) What could replace the whole logic circuit? [1]
Summer 2013 P12 (Q15)
(a) Draw the logic circuit represented by the logic statement:
X = 1 if (B is NOT 1 AND S is NOT 1) OR (P is NOT 1 AND S is 1) [6]
Computer-2210 (Bit Pattern) (6) abdul.moiz99@yahoo.com
7. b) Complete the truth table for the above logic statement. [4]
Winter 2012 P12 (Q11)
An alarm sounds when certain conditions occur in a nuclear reactor.
The output, X, of a logic circuit that drives the alarm must have a value of 1 if:
either carbon dioxide pressure too low and temperature < = 300°C
or water pressure > 10 bar and temperature > 300°C
The inputs to the system are:
(a) Draw the required logic circuit using AND, OR and NOT gates only. [5]
(b) Complete the truth table for the above system. [4]
P T W X
1 1 1
1 1 0
1 0 1
1 0 0
0 1 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
Computer-2210 (Bit Pattern) (7) abdul.moiz99@yahoo.com
8. Winter 2012 P13 (Q15)
15 (a) Complete the truth table for the following logic circuit: [4]
A B C X
1 1 1
1 1 0
1 0 1
1 0 0
0 1 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
(b) The above logic circuit uses AND, OR and NOT gates.
Name another logic gate and complete its truth table. [3]
Name : _______________________________________________
Summer 2012 P11 (Q12)
(a) (i) Complete the truth table for the following logic circuit, which is made up of NAND gates:
Computer-2210 (Bit Pattern) (8) abdul.moiz99@yahoo.com
9. (ii) What single logic gate has the same function as the above logic circuit? [1]
b) Complete the truth table for the following logic circuit:
A B C X
1 1 1
1 1 0
1 0 1
1 0 0
0 1 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
Summer 2012 P12 (Q10)
(a) Complete the truth table for the following logic circuit, which is made up of NAND gates:
A B C X
1 1 1
1 1 0
1 0 1
1 0 0
0 1 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
(b) Name two other types of logic gates and complete their associated truth tables:
Computer-2210 (Bit Pattern) (9) abdul.moiz99@yahoo.com
10. Winter 2011 P11 (Q14)
An alarm, X, gives a signal (i.e. X = 1) when a car fuel injection system gives certain fault conditions.
The inputs are:
The alarm returns a value of 1 if:
Either (i) pressure < 5 bar AND revs > 8000 rpm
or (ii) revs <= 8000 rpm AND temp > 120 °C
(a) Draw the logic circuit for the above system using these logic gates.
(b) Complete the truth table for this alarm system.
P R T X
1 1 1
Computer-2210 (Bit Pattern) (10) abdul.moiz99@yahoo.com
12. Summer 2011 P11 (Q10)
(a) Two logic gates are the AND gate and the OR gate. Complete the truth tables for these two gates:
(b) Complete the truth table for the following logic circuit:
A B C X
1 1 1
1 1 0
1 0 1
1 0 0
0 1 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
Computer-2210 (Bit Pattern) (12) abdul.moiz99@yahoo.com
13. Specimen 2011 P1 (Q11)
Draw the truth table for the following logic network: [4]
A B C X
1 1 1
1 1 0
1 0 1
1 0 0
0 1 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
Specimen 2011 P1 (Q12)
Draw a logic network and truth table for the following logic problem:
“A sprinkler (S) is ON if
either temperature alarm (T) is ON and cooler alarm (C) is ON
or vent alarm (V) is OFF and cooler alarm (C) is ON” [9]
Working: ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________ [2]
Logic Network:
Truth Table:
T C V S
1 1 1
1 1 0
1 0 1
1 0 0
0 1 1
0 1 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
Computer-2210 (Bit Pattern) (13) abdul.moiz99@yahoo.com