The Linux file system organizes files in a directory tree structure with a root directory of /. Common top-level directories include bin, sbin, home, var, tmp, root, and usr, and each contains specific types of files. Subdirectories further categorize files, such as the home directory containing individual user directories like abass and john with their own subdirectories. Paths can be absolute starting at root or relative from the current directory.

1. Linux File Sytem
Santosh Khadsare

2. File sys on windows/mac/linux is laid out on a
directory tree
Every tree has a root. In linux it is / windows c:
 Common directories of / are
bin,sbin,home,var,tmp,root,use,opt
Bin(binary):common files used by all
users(ls,cd,pwd)
Sbin(super user binary):these are binaries
available to the root.(ifup,ifconfig,ifdown)

3. Home: data directory
Var: log files, mail spools
Temp: temp files
Root: root’s home
Usr: user program files
Opt:optional files

4. Under these directories are sub
directories.
Home: we have user abass and user john
Under abass you may have desktop and
docs.
Under Var : we may have logs and spools
and under spools you may have mail and
print

5. Special directories : they are under each
sub directory
.(dot):current directory
.. (dot dot): parent directory
 example: abass is cunrrent dir and home
is parent directory

6. Absolute path-begins at root(/home or
/abass)
Realtive path - ./abass