This document provides 100 security tips across various topics including social engineering, social media, physical computer security, password security, smartphones, encryption, anti-virus software, public computers, and WiFi security. The tips advise users to be wary of suspicious emails and phone calls, use strong and unique passwords, encrypt sensitive information, regularly update software, avoid using public computers for sensitive tasks, and lock down physical devices and wireless networks. Following these tips can help users protect themselves from common online threats like phishing scams, malware, and unauthorized access to personal information or devices.
The document outlines India's national cyber security policy and strategies. It aims to build a secure and resilient cyberspace for citizens, businesses, and government. The key objectives are to create a secure cyber ecosystem, strengthen regulatory frameworks, enhance mechanisms for information gathering and response, protect critical information infrastructure, develop indigenous security technologies, and create a cybersecurity workforce. The strategies to achieve these objectives include designating agencies to coordinate cybersecurity efforts, encouraging adoption of best practices, developing testing and certification processes, and fostering public-private partnerships and cooperation.
Linux is well-suited for forensic investigations due to its free and open-source tools, flexible environment, and ability to access low-level interfaces. However, its tools are more complicated to use than commercial packages and typically lack technical support. Linux distributions use a directory tree with essential directories like /bin, /etc, /home, and /var. Important commands provide information on processes, network connections, and disk usage. The Linux boot process involves the BIOS, boot loader, kernel initialization, and starting of processes at designated run levels.
Network forensics is the capture, recording, and analysis of network events and traffic in order to discover the source of security attacks or other problem incidents. It involves systematically capturing and analyzing network traffic and events to trace and prove a network security incident. Network forensics provides crucial network-based evidence that can be used to successfully prosecute criminals. It is a difficult process that depends on maintaining high-quality network information.
This document provides an overview of Windows file systems and how they are used for digital forensics investigations. It discusses the File Allocation Table (FAT) file system and how it tracks file clusters. It also describes the New Technology File System (NTFS) and how it stores file metadata and tracks unused data clusters. The document outlines how file deletion, renaming and moving works in Windows, and artifacts that can be recovered from deleted files. It identifies several useful file types for forensic analysis, like shortcut files, the Recycle Bin, print spool files and registry keys.
Cyber security at the application level involves protecting applications from vulnerabilities through proper security measures implemented during the software development lifecycle. This includes securing applications from flaws introduced during design, development, deployment, upgrade or maintenance. Application security aims to prevent exceptions to the security policy by addressing vulnerabilities in the application or underlying system. Key aspects of application security include input validation, access controls, and output encoding.
Gauss is a computer virus discovered in the Middle East that is believed to be the work of the same group that created the Stuxnet worm. It copies malicious code onto USB drives and activates only on predetermined targets. The virus infects tens of thousands of computers, primarily in Lebanon, Israel, and Palestine. Named after mathematician Gauss, it is a surveillance tool that steals online credentials and gathers information from infected computers.
This document provides 100 security tips across various topics including social engineering, social media, physical computer security, password security, smartphones, encryption, anti-virus software, public computers, and WiFi security. The tips advise users to be wary of suspicious emails and phone calls, use strong and unique passwords, encrypt sensitive information, regularly update software, avoid using public computers for sensitive tasks, and lock down physical devices and wireless networks. Following these tips can help users protect themselves from common online threats like phishing scams, malware, and unauthorized access to personal information or devices.
The document outlines India's national cyber security policy and strategies. It aims to build a secure and resilient cyberspace for citizens, businesses, and government. The key objectives are to create a secure cyber ecosystem, strengthen regulatory frameworks, enhance mechanisms for information gathering and response, protect critical information infrastructure, develop indigenous security technologies, and create a cybersecurity workforce. The strategies to achieve these objectives include designating agencies to coordinate cybersecurity efforts, encouraging adoption of best practices, developing testing and certification processes, and fostering public-private partnerships and cooperation.
Linux is well-suited for forensic investigations due to its free and open-source tools, flexible environment, and ability to access low-level interfaces. However, its tools are more complicated to use than commercial packages and typically lack technical support. Linux distributions use a directory tree with essential directories like /bin, /etc, /home, and /var. Important commands provide information on processes, network connections, and disk usage. The Linux boot process involves the BIOS, boot loader, kernel initialization, and starting of processes at designated run levels.
Network forensics is the capture, recording, and analysis of network events and traffic in order to discover the source of security attacks or other problem incidents. It involves systematically capturing and analyzing network traffic and events to trace and prove a network security incident. Network forensics provides crucial network-based evidence that can be used to successfully prosecute criminals. It is a difficult process that depends on maintaining high-quality network information.
This document provides an overview of Windows file systems and how they are used for digital forensics investigations. It discusses the File Allocation Table (FAT) file system and how it tracks file clusters. It also describes the New Technology File System (NTFS) and how it stores file metadata and tracks unused data clusters. The document outlines how file deletion, renaming and moving works in Windows, and artifacts that can be recovered from deleted files. It identifies several useful file types for forensic analysis, like shortcut files, the Recycle Bin, print spool files and registry keys.
Cyber security at the application level involves protecting applications from vulnerabilities through proper security measures implemented during the software development lifecycle. This includes securing applications from flaws introduced during design, development, deployment, upgrade or maintenance. Application security aims to prevent exceptions to the security policy by addressing vulnerabilities in the application or underlying system. Key aspects of application security include input validation, access controls, and output encoding.
Gauss is a computer virus discovered in the Middle East that is believed to be the work of the same group that created the Stuxnet worm. It copies malicious code onto USB drives and activates only on predetermined targets. The virus infects tens of thousands of computers, primarily in Lebanon, Israel, and Palestine. Named after mathematician Gauss, it is a surveillance tool that steals online credentials and gathers information from infected computers.
An intrusion detection system (IDS) monitors network traffic and system activities for suspicious activity that could indicate a security threat or attack. An IDS analyzes patterns in traffic to identify potential threats. There are network IDS that monitor entire network traffic and host IDS that monitor individual systems. An IDS detects threats but does not prevent them. An intrusion prevention system (IPS) can detect and prevent threats by blocking malicious traffic in real-time. An IPS combines IDS detection capabilities with preventative blocking functions. Common types of IPS include inline network IPS, layer 7 switches, application firewalls, and hybrid switches.
This document provides instructions for configuring a mail server on Red Hat Linux. It describes installing Postfix as the mail transfer agent (MTA), configuring Dovecot for POP3 and IMAP access, creating user accounts, sending a test email between users, and configuring the SquirrelMail webmail interface. Key steps include installing system-switch-mail-gnome, restarting Postfix and setting it to start on boot, configuring Dovecot, adding users, sending an email from the root user to a new user, and configuring SquirrelMail's SMTP and server settings.
The document discusses Linux volatile memory forensic techniques. It begins by outlining challenges like numerous Linux builds/versions and changing kernel structures. It then covers areas like exploring kernel vulnerabilities, detecting malware/rootkits via memory analysis, and deriving kernel data structures from executables. Key techniques discussed are detecting hidden processes by analyzing the task_struct and related kernel data structures. The document concludes by arguing that understanding a system's kernel memory structures is essential for Linux volatile memory forensics.
The document provides instructions for setting up a web server. It details copying and editing configuration files, activating settings, creating web pages, restarting services, and testing access via browser and ping commands. The steps include editing httpd.conf to activate settings, creating an index.html page, restarting httpd, enabling it to start automatically, and accessing the server locally and from another computer.
Samba is an open source software suite that allows file and printer sharing between Linux/Unix systems and Windows clients. It uses the SMB protocol to provide services to SMB/CIFS clients. The document discusses installing and configuring Samba, including creating a smb.conf file to define shares, users, and permissions. It also covers connecting Samba clients and basic troubleshooting.
UFW is a program for managing a netfilter firewall on Linux that aims to provide an easy to use interface. It allows users to enable or disable the firewall, set default policies, view status, and add or remove rules to allow or deny traffic using ports, protocols, IP addresses and other options. GUFW provides a graphical user interface for configuring UFW rules instead of using commands in the terminal. UFW manages firewall rules through files and uses iptables-restore to implement the rules.
The document provides 100 security tips organized into topics such as social engineering, social media, physical computer security, password security, smartphones, encryption, anti-virus software, public computers, and WiFi security. The tips warn against common threats like providing sensitive information via email, using public computers without caution, reusing the same passwords, and failing to encrypt devices. Following the tips helps protect against risks involving social engineering, malware, unauthorized access to accounts and devices, and loss of sensitive personal information.
The document discusses the history and advantages of Linux compared to other operating systems like Windows, DOS and UNIX. It explains how the GNU project was started to develop a free and open source UNIX-like operating system. It then describes how Linus Torvalds developed the initial Linux kernel in 1991 building on the work of the GNU project. It highlights some key advantages of Linux like high security, many available tools and the flexibility of the environment. It also provides a brief overview of some common Linux components like the kernel, shells, KDE/GNOME desktop environments and the directory structure.
The Linux file system organizes files in a directory tree structure with a root directory of /. Common top-level directories include bin, sbin, home, var, tmp, root, and usr, and each contains specific types of files. Subdirectories further categorize files, such as the home directory containing individual user directories like abass and john with their own subdirectories. Paths can be absolute starting at root or relative from the current directory.
This document summarizes some key differences between various Linux distributions:
- CentOS is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux and uses YUM/RPM packages, while Ubuntu is based on Debian and uses apt/DEB packages. Ubuntu also automatically generates the root password.
- Ubuntu and Debian are closely related but have different release processes - Ubuntu provides more frequent releases with a consistent interface backed by Canonical support.
- Red Hat and Debian have some differences in package management tools, service management, default configurations and locations for files like logs and configuration files. Red Hat uses RPM/yum while Debian uses dpkg/apt.
Linux is an open source operating system created by Linus Torvalds in 1991. There are various Linux distributions like Red Hat, Ubuntu, and Android that offer different desktop environments and software. While Linux is free and open source, vendors make money through support services, commercial licenses, or annual subscription fees. The command line interface and root user privileges give Linux more power and flexibility than typical desktop operating systems.
The document discusses recent cyber attacks on Iran and speculates about the United States' role and cyber security posture. It suggests the US likely carried out "Olympic Games" to develop cyber weapons like Stuxnet, Duqu and Flame to target Iran's infrastructure. It also hypothesizes that the US has a parallel internet network in place, replacing TCP/IP or migrating to secure IPv6, to insulate itself from potential retaliation since it set a precedent by attacking another nation through cyber space.
Stuxnet, Duqu, and Flame are sophisticated cyber weapons discovered between 2010-2012 that targeted industrial systems and stole information. Kaspersky Lab analysis found that a module from the early 2009 version of Stuxnet, known as "Resource 207", was actually a Flame plugin, indicating Flame existed prior to Stuxnet. This module was used by both Stuxnet and Flame to spread via USB drives using identical code. Stuxnet and Flame are believed to have been used by the U.S. to wage cyber warfare against Iran.
HijackLoader Evolution: Interactive Process HollowingDonato Onofri
CrowdStrike researchers have identified a HijackLoader (aka IDAT Loader) sample that employs sophisticated evasion techniques to enhance the complexity of the threat. HijackLoader, an increasingly popular tool among adversaries for deploying additional payloads and tooling, continues to evolve as its developers experiment and enhance its capabilities.
In their analysis of a recent HijackLoader sample, CrowdStrike researchers discovered new techniques designed to increase the defense evasion capabilities of the loader. The malware developer used a standard process hollowing technique coupled with an additional trigger that was activated by the parent process writing to a pipe. This new approach, called "Interactive Process Hollowing", has the potential to make defense evasion stealthier.
Securing BGP: Operational Strategies and Best Practices for Network Defenders...APNIC
Md. Zobair Khan,
Network Analyst and Technical Trainer at APNIC, presented 'Securing BGP: Operational Strategies and Best Practices for Network Defenders' at the Phoenix Summit held in Dhaka, Bangladesh from 23 to 24 May 2024.
An intrusion detection system (IDS) monitors network traffic and system activities for suspicious activity that could indicate a security threat or attack. An IDS analyzes patterns in traffic to identify potential threats. There are network IDS that monitor entire network traffic and host IDS that monitor individual systems. An IDS detects threats but does not prevent them. An intrusion prevention system (IPS) can detect and prevent threats by blocking malicious traffic in real-time. An IPS combines IDS detection capabilities with preventative blocking functions. Common types of IPS include inline network IPS, layer 7 switches, application firewalls, and hybrid switches.
This document provides instructions for configuring a mail server on Red Hat Linux. It describes installing Postfix as the mail transfer agent (MTA), configuring Dovecot for POP3 and IMAP access, creating user accounts, sending a test email between users, and configuring the SquirrelMail webmail interface. Key steps include installing system-switch-mail-gnome, restarting Postfix and setting it to start on boot, configuring Dovecot, adding users, sending an email from the root user to a new user, and configuring SquirrelMail's SMTP and server settings.
The document discusses Linux volatile memory forensic techniques. It begins by outlining challenges like numerous Linux builds/versions and changing kernel structures. It then covers areas like exploring kernel vulnerabilities, detecting malware/rootkits via memory analysis, and deriving kernel data structures from executables. Key techniques discussed are detecting hidden processes by analyzing the task_struct and related kernel data structures. The document concludes by arguing that understanding a system's kernel memory structures is essential for Linux volatile memory forensics.
The document provides instructions for setting up a web server. It details copying and editing configuration files, activating settings, creating web pages, restarting services, and testing access via browser and ping commands. The steps include editing httpd.conf to activate settings, creating an index.html page, restarting httpd, enabling it to start automatically, and accessing the server locally and from another computer.
Samba is an open source software suite that allows file and printer sharing between Linux/Unix systems and Windows clients. It uses the SMB protocol to provide services to SMB/CIFS clients. The document discusses installing and configuring Samba, including creating a smb.conf file to define shares, users, and permissions. It also covers connecting Samba clients and basic troubleshooting.
UFW is a program for managing a netfilter firewall on Linux that aims to provide an easy to use interface. It allows users to enable or disable the firewall, set default policies, view status, and add or remove rules to allow or deny traffic using ports, protocols, IP addresses and other options. GUFW provides a graphical user interface for configuring UFW rules instead of using commands in the terminal. UFW manages firewall rules through files and uses iptables-restore to implement the rules.
The document provides 100 security tips organized into topics such as social engineering, social media, physical computer security, password security, smartphones, encryption, anti-virus software, public computers, and WiFi security. The tips warn against common threats like providing sensitive information via email, using public computers without caution, reusing the same passwords, and failing to encrypt devices. Following the tips helps protect against risks involving social engineering, malware, unauthorized access to accounts and devices, and loss of sensitive personal information.
The document discusses the history and advantages of Linux compared to other operating systems like Windows, DOS and UNIX. It explains how the GNU project was started to develop a free and open source UNIX-like operating system. It then describes how Linus Torvalds developed the initial Linux kernel in 1991 building on the work of the GNU project. It highlights some key advantages of Linux like high security, many available tools and the flexibility of the environment. It also provides a brief overview of some common Linux components like the kernel, shells, KDE/GNOME desktop environments and the directory structure.
The Linux file system organizes files in a directory tree structure with a root directory of /. Common top-level directories include bin, sbin, home, var, tmp, root, and usr, and each contains specific types of files. Subdirectories further categorize files, such as the home directory containing individual user directories like abass and john with their own subdirectories. Paths can be absolute starting at root or relative from the current directory.
This document summarizes some key differences between various Linux distributions:
- CentOS is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux and uses YUM/RPM packages, while Ubuntu is based on Debian and uses apt/DEB packages. Ubuntu also automatically generates the root password.
- Ubuntu and Debian are closely related but have different release processes - Ubuntu provides more frequent releases with a consistent interface backed by Canonical support.
- Red Hat and Debian have some differences in package management tools, service management, default configurations and locations for files like logs and configuration files. Red Hat uses RPM/yum while Debian uses dpkg/apt.
Linux is an open source operating system created by Linus Torvalds in 1991. There are various Linux distributions like Red Hat, Ubuntu, and Android that offer different desktop environments and software. While Linux is free and open source, vendors make money through support services, commercial licenses, or annual subscription fees. The command line interface and root user privileges give Linux more power and flexibility than typical desktop operating systems.
The document discusses recent cyber attacks on Iran and speculates about the United States' role and cyber security posture. It suggests the US likely carried out "Olympic Games" to develop cyber weapons like Stuxnet, Duqu and Flame to target Iran's infrastructure. It also hypothesizes that the US has a parallel internet network in place, replacing TCP/IP or migrating to secure IPv6, to insulate itself from potential retaliation since it set a precedent by attacking another nation through cyber space.
Stuxnet, Duqu, and Flame are sophisticated cyber weapons discovered between 2010-2012 that targeted industrial systems and stole information. Kaspersky Lab analysis found that a module from the early 2009 version of Stuxnet, known as "Resource 207", was actually a Flame plugin, indicating Flame existed prior to Stuxnet. This module was used by both Stuxnet and Flame to spread via USB drives using identical code. Stuxnet and Flame are believed to have been used by the U.S. to wage cyber warfare against Iran.
HijackLoader Evolution: Interactive Process HollowingDonato Onofri
CrowdStrike researchers have identified a HijackLoader (aka IDAT Loader) sample that employs sophisticated evasion techniques to enhance the complexity of the threat. HijackLoader, an increasingly popular tool among adversaries for deploying additional payloads and tooling, continues to evolve as its developers experiment and enhance its capabilities.
In their analysis of a recent HijackLoader sample, CrowdStrike researchers discovered new techniques designed to increase the defense evasion capabilities of the loader. The malware developer used a standard process hollowing technique coupled with an additional trigger that was activated by the parent process writing to a pipe. This new approach, called "Interactive Process Hollowing", has the potential to make defense evasion stealthier.
Securing BGP: Operational Strategies and Best Practices for Network Defenders...APNIC
Md. Zobair Khan,
Network Analyst and Technical Trainer at APNIC, presented 'Securing BGP: Operational Strategies and Best Practices for Network Defenders' at the Phoenix Summit held in Dhaka, Bangladesh from 23 to 24 May 2024.
Honeypots Unveiled: Proactive Defense Tactics for Cyber Security, Phoenix Sum...APNIC
Adli Wahid, Senior Internet Security Specialist at APNIC, delivered a presentation titled 'Honeypots Unveiled: Proactive Defense Tactics for Cyber Security' at the Phoenix Summit held in Dhaka, Bangladesh from 23 to 24 May 2024.